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Monoclonal antibody and its use in the diagnosis of livestock diseases

Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 50-62页

作者： Rajib Deb Sandip Chakraborty Belamaranahlly Veeregowda Amit kumar Verma Ruchi tiwari Kuldeep Dhama Animal Resource Development Department Pt. Nehru Complex Agartala India Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishvidhyalaya Ewam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) Mathura India Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishvidhyalaya Ewam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) Mathura India Division of Pathology Indian Veterinary Research Institute Bareilly India Scientist Division of Animal Genetics & Breeding Project Directorate on Cattle (ICAR) Meerut India Veterinary College Bengaluru India

Since the discovery of hybridoma cells by Kohler and Milstein, the uses of monoclonal antibody (mAb), the protein produced by such cells are in vogue. Such antibodies with single isotype have higher specificity, and the serological tests employed in show higher reproducibility compared to those with use of polyclonal antisera. There are several procedures of mAb production which vary considerably but the principle remains the same which states that antigens introduced into animals generally result in the stimulation of lymphocytes, some of which produce antibody of only one type, although the isotype may change. The developments in the field of cell culture and transfection technology have lead to the production of improved qualities of mAbs. In general, monoclonal antibodies are important reagents used in biomedical research, such as, in the field of diagnostics and therapeutics as well as targeted drug delivery systems. They have got importance not only for infectious diseases caused by microbes and parasites, but also for cancer, metabolic and hormonal disorders, in the diagnosis of lymphoid and myeloid malignancies and tissue typing, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (especially blocking ELISA), radio immunoassay (RIA), serotyping of pathogens and their immunological intervention with passive antibody, anti-idiotype inhibition or magic bullet therapy with cytotoxic agents coupled with antimouse specific antibody. The application of mAbs in diagnosis of various livestock diseases is an important area of concern as these diseases are a major and increasingly important factor reducing livestock productivity in various parts of the world. In this context, the application of mAbs for diagnosis of important bacterial diseases viz., Anthrax, Brucellosis, Paratuberculosis, Leptospirosis, Listeriosis, Clostridial infections and Mycoplasmosis (CBPP), fungal diseases viz., Zygomycosis, Cryptococcosis, Histoplasmosis and Paracoccidiodomycosis, viral diseases viz., Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), Infectious bovine r

关键词： Antibody Cell Engineering Diagnosis Livestock Microbes Monoclonal Parasites

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Survival mechanisms of Mycobacterium aviumsubspecies paratuberculosiswithin host species and in the environment—A review

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Natural Science 2013年第6期5卷 710-723页

作者： Shoor Vir Singh Ajay Vir Singh Avnish kumar Pravin kumar Singh Rajib Deb Amit kumar Verma Amit kumar Ruchi tiwari Sandip Chakraborty Kuldeep Dhama Animal Genetics and Breeding Project Directorate on Cattle Indian Council of Agricultural Research Meerut India Animal Resource Development Department Pt. Nehru Complex Agartala India Department of Microbiology & Immunology Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) Mathura India Department of Veterinary Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vi- gyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) Mathura India Division of Pathology Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Bareilly India Microbiology Laboratory Animal Health Division Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG) Mathura India National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (NJIL and OMD) Agra India

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes chronic inflammation of the intestine known as Johne’s disease (JD) in domestic and wild ruminants including primates. MAP has also been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) so called Crohn’s disease (CD) of human beings, which is incurable even after surgery. By virtue of the pasteurization resistant power, high endemicity of the infection in animals continues to be the permanent source of infection to human population. High bio-burden of MAP in wide range of biotic (animal hosts including human beings) and abiotic environment in each and every country where it has been investigated, serves a reminder about the survival abilities of the MAP in diverse range of environmental conditions. Ability of the MAP to evade immune system of the host and the temporal events during infection of the macro-phages, is an area of major concern and research activities as the pattern of distribution are quiet different from those of other pathogenic intracellular organisms. Moreover, the organism can survive over a wide range of environmental conditions such as high and low environmental temperatures, pasteurization, low pH, and high salt concentration etc. This superior survival efficiency from environmental degradation and dormancy within host allows the pathogen to be available for causing disease and pathogenicity in animals and human beings, when conditions are favorable. Perusal of literature reveal that, despite the availability of whole genome sequence of MAP, a very little is known about the replication, persistence and survival mechanisms of this pathogen. Therefore, this review tries to address the survival mechanisms of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in the different host species and adverse environmental conditions in order to allow designing of more rational diagnostic and control procedures.

关键词： Paratuberculosis Johne’s Disease Reservoir Disease Survival MAP Animal

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ACTIVE-A Real Time Commit Protocol

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Wireless Sensor Network 2010年第3期2卷 254-263页

作者： Udai Shanker Nikhil Agarwal Shalabh kumar tiwari Praphull Goel Praveen Srivastava 不详

Many existing real time commit protocols try to improve system performance by allowing a committing cohort to lend its data to an executing cohort, thus reducing data inaccessibility. They block the borrower from sending WORKDONE/PREPARED message and restrict them from lending data so that transaction abort chain is limited to one. Thus, transaction execution time increases. This paper proposes a modified real time commit protocol for distributed real time database systems (DRTDBS), Allow Commit Dependent and in Time borrowers for Incredible Value added data lending without extended abort chain (ACTIVE), where borrower cohorts are categorized as commit and abort dependent. Further, the commit dependent borrowers can lend data to executing cohorts with still limiting the transaction abort chain to one only and reducing the data inaccessibility. Also, an incoming executing cohort having borrowing factor greater than one can only borrow the dirty data items from lender. This minimizes the fruitless borrowing by the cohort. The performance of ACTIVE is compared with PROMPT, 2SC and SWIFT protocols for both main memory resident and disk resident databases with and without communication delay. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol improves the system performance up to 4% as transaction miss percentage.

关键词： Distributed Real Time Database System Commit Protocol Conflict Resolution Dependency Lender Borrower

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Malaria Outbreaks in Villages in North Karnataka, India, and Role of Sibling Species of Anopheles culicifaciesComplex

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Health 2015年第8期7卷 946-954页

作者： Satyanarayan tiwari Susanta kumar Ghosh Thiruchrapalli S. Sathyanarayan Nutan Nanda Sreehari Uragayala Neena Valecha Field Unit National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR) Bangalore India National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR) New Delhi India

Investigations on malaria outbreaks and role of sibling species complex of principal rural malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies were carried out in villages in north Karnataka, India from 1997 through 2014. Information regarding densities, resting and breeding habitats of malaria vectors prevalent in the area was also generated so as to formulate an appropriate vector control strategy. The Slide Positivity Rate (SPR), Slide Falciparum Rate (SFR) and Pf proportion was 43.1%, 35.9% and 83.3%, respectively. Three sibling species A, B, and C of An. culicifacies were found sympatric with cumulative percent composition of 63.7, 28.2 and 8.1, respectively. Per man hour and per structure densities of An. culicifacies, An. culicifacies and An. culicifacies varied from 0 to 27.5 and 0 to 56.0, 0 to 0.5 and 0 to 7.0 and, 0 to 2.5 and 0 to 7.5, respectively. The proportion of semi-gravid and gravid females was more as compared to fully fed and unfed females which indicated that most of the females rested indoor. Streams/river, wells, seepages and irrigation tanks are the major habitats supporting breeding of An. culicifacies. Integrated vector managements by indoor residual spraying of effective insecticide as per national guidelines along with biological control methods especially use of larvivorous fish Gambusia affinis and Poecilia reticulate are suggested to control malaria in the area.

关键词： Malaria Anopheles culicifacies Sibling Species Biological Control North Karnataka

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Using Magnesium Sulfate to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: A Single Centre Experience in Bangladesh

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第9期13卷 565-577页

作者： Manoj tiwari Md. Abir Tazim Chowdhury Hema Poudel Munama Magdum Md. Mostafizur Rahman Vivek kumar Jha Md. Ahaduzzaman Md. Abul Bashar Maruf Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital Bharatpur Chitwan Nepal Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Evercare Hospital Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Dermatology and Venerology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Community Medicine Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiac Surgery Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiac Surgery Ibn Sina Specialized Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Atrial fibrillation commonly occurs following cardiac surgery, particularly after coronary artery bypass grafting. Magnesium, known for its stabilizing effect on cell membranes, has shown promise in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation. This study aimed to assess the impact of intravenous magnesium infusion in preventing atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, where maintaining stable cell membranes is crucial in averting this complication. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, from March 2020 to February 2022. Sixty-six patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled and divided into two groups. Group A (n = 33) received intravenous magnesium sulfate (10 mmol/2.47gm) for three days after surgery, while Group B (n = 33) did not receive magnesium sulfate. Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurrence in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) within three days after surgery was evaluated using convenient sampling. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 26.0, utilizing independent Student’s t-test for continuous data and Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test for categorical data. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: No significant differences in age or gender were observed between the two groups. Group B exhibited significantly lower magnesium levels than Group A on the 0th, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd days post-surgery. Additionally, Group B experienced a higher incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, longer ICU stays, and two mortalities. The study did not detect any adverse effects associated with magnesium infusion. Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that administering magnesium intravenously after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting can lower the chances of developing atrial fibrillation. This demonstrates the potential advantages of using magnesium as a preventa

关键词： Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Postopera-tive Atrial Fibrillation (POAF) Magnesium Sulfate Bangladesh.

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Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Aloe vera: A Review

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第8期4卷 599-610页

作者： Pankaj K. Sahu Deen Dayal Giri Ritu Singh Priyanka Pandey Sharmistha Gupta atul kumar Shrivastava Ajay kumar Kapil Dev Pandey Department of Botany Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India Department of Botany Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India. Department of Botany Dr. C.V. Raman University Bilaspur India Department of Botany Dr. C.V. Raman University Bilaspur India Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India Directorate of Research Services JNKVV Jabalpur India West Bengal State Council of Science & Technology Kolkata India

The plant Aloe vera is used in Ayurvedic, Homoeopathic and Allopathic streams of medicine, and not only tribal community but also most of the people for food and medicine. The plant leaves contains numerous vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, natural sugars and other bioactive compounds with emollient, purgative, anti-microbial, anti inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anti-helmenthic, antifungal, antiseptic and cosmetic values for health care. This plant has potential to cure sunburns, burns and minor cuts, and even skin cancer. The external use in cosmetic primarily acts as skin healer and prevents injury of epithelial tissues, cures acne and gives a youthful glow to skin, also acts as extremely powerful laxative.

关键词： Aloe vera Antimicrobial Therapeutic Medicinal Uses Cosmetic Application

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Implications of Elevated Serum Cortisol in the Onset of Postoperative Delirium Following Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Insights from a Bangladesh-Based Single Center Experience

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第4期14卷 252-267页

作者： Vivek kumar Jha Md Abir Tazim Chowdhury Munama Magdum Manoj tiwari Md Abul Bashar Maruf Md Saiful Islam Khan Priyanka Sinha Rajesh Naryan Kapar Md. Rezwanul Hoque Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan Nepal Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Evercare Hospital Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Preventive and Social Medicine National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Thoracic Surgery BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital Bharatpur Nepal Department of Cardiac Surgery United Hospital Limited Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Evercare Hospital Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Microbiology Kathmandu Medical College Kathmandu Nepal Department of Nephrology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiac Surgery Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), delirium emerges as a prevalent complication. This study aimed to assess the correlation between elevated serum cortisol levels and the occurrence of postoperative delirium subsequent to off-pump CABG. Methods: Conducted in the Department of Cardiac Surgery at BSMMU from October 2020 to September 2022, this comparative cross-sectional study included a total of 44 participants. Subjects, meeting specific criteria, were purposefully assigned to two groups based on off-pump CABG. Group A (n = 22) consisted of patients with normal serum cortisol levels, while Group B (n = 22) comprised individuals with high serum cortisol levels on the first postoperative day. Delirium onset was assessed at the bedside in the ICU on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th postoperative days using standard tools, namely the Richmond Agitation Sedation score (RASS) and The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM-ICU). Data were collected based on the presence or absence of delirium. Statistical analysis utilized SPSS version 26.0, employing an independent Student’s t-test for continuous data and chi-square and Fischer’s exact test for categorical data. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Group-A had a mean age of 54.50 ± 17.97, and Group-B had a mean age of 55.22 ± 15.45, both with a male predominance (81.81% and 86.36% respectively). The mean serum cortisol level was significantly higher in Group B (829.71 ± vs. 389.98 ± 68.77). Postoperative delirium occurred in 27.3% of Group B patients, statistically significant compared to the 4.5% in Group A. However, patients in Group B who developed delirium experienced significantly longer postoperative ICU and hospital stays (79.29 ± 12.27 vs. 11.44 ± 2.85, p ≤ 0.05). There was one mortality in Group B, which was statistically not significant. Conclusion: This study observed a significant association between elevated serum cortisol levels in the postoperative period and the occurrence of postoperative delirium afte

关键词： Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Serum Cortisol Postoperative Delirium Bangladesh

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Cosmic Ray Associated with Coronal Index and Solar Flare Index during Solar Cycle 22 - 23

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第3期7卷 162-173页

作者： Prithvi Raj Singh Shabir Ahmad A. C. Pandey Ajay kumar Saxena Chandra Mani tiwari A. P. Mishra Department of Physics A.P.S. University Rewa M.P. India

We study the relation between monthly average counting rates of the cosmic ray intensity (CRI) observed at Moscow Neutron Monitoring Station, solar flare index (SFI) and coronal index during the solar cycles 22 and 23, for the period 1986-2008. The long-term behaviour of various solar activity parameters: sunspot numbers (SSN), solar flare index (Hα flare index), coronal index (CI) in relation to the duration of solar cycles 22 and 23 is examined. We find that the correlation coefficient of CRI with the coronal index as well as Hα flare index is relatively large anti-correlation during solar cycle 22. However, the monthly mean values of sunspot number, Hα flare index, and coronal index are well positively correlated with each other. We have analyzed the statistical analysis of the above parameters using of linear model and second order polynomial fits model.

关键词： Solar Activity Sunspot Number Coronal Index Solar Flare Index Cosmic Ray Intensity

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A study on the transmission of helicobacter pylorifrom food prepared and consumed under hygienic and unhygienic conditions: A first study using biopsy samples

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Health 2014年第4期6卷 274-283页

作者： Khawaja Shakeel Ahmed Basheer Madompoyil Janak Dulari Ahi Aleem Ahmed Khan Santosh kumar tiwari Mohammed Aejaz Habeeb Asmara College of Health Sciences Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences Microbiology Unit Asmara Eritrea Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics Deccan College of Medical Sciences Hyderabad India Dr. Hari Singh Gour University Sagar Madhya Pradesh India Orotta School of Medicine and Dentistry Asmara Eritrea

Objective: A comparative analysis on transmission of Helicobacter pylori in people who consumed food prepared in both hygienic and unhygienic conditions. Method: The study was carried out in 1000 people across India. The Ratio of Male: female was 700: 300 with age group ranging from 20 - 39. Three gastric biopsies were collected for identification of Helicobacter pylori. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification was done by using 16srRNA primers. Result: The analysis showed the prevalence of H. pylori as 70.8% in individuals frequently consuming food prepared under less hygienic condition (street vendor’s food) whereas 60% (less prevalence) in individuals consuming food prepared under hygienic conditions. Conclusion: The results showed that most of the food that we consume daily is not involved much in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori. The study also showed that the street vendor’s food is not directly involved in the transmission of this bacterium. The unhygienic preparation of food and poor personal hygiene play a vital role in the transmission of these bacteria.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Hygiene PCR 16SrRNA Food Biopsy

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Mangrove Restoration and Regeneration Monitoring in Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat State, India, Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Informatics

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第4期6卷 299-310页

作者： Ravi Upadhyay Nischal Joshi atul Chandrakant Sampat Arun kumar Verma Ajay Patel Vijay Singh Jaydipsinh Kathota Manik H. Kalubarme Gujarat Ecological Commission (GEC) Forest and Environment Department Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India Bhaskarcharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Department of Science & Technology Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India

Indian coast harbors richly diverse and critical coastal habitats like coral reefs and mangroves. Mangroves form one of the most important ecosystems of coastal and marine areas. It safeguards the ecology of the coastal areas and provides livelihood opportunities to the fishermen and pastoral families living in these areas. In real sense, mangrove is the Kalpvriksh (divine tree which fulfills all the desires) for the coastal communities. The restoration and plantation of mangroves have received a lot of attentions worldwide. To assess the impact of mangrove plantation activities and to monitor the mangrove regeneration and restoration in various villages, a joint study under the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project (ICZMP) was taken up by Gujarat Ecology Commission (GEC) and Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) in the Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat State.?The major objective of this study was to monitor the increase in mangrove cover in coastal areas of Gulf of Kachchh using the Indian Remote Sensing Satellite data of 2005, 2011 and 2014. The mangrove regeneration was monitored using multi-temporal Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) LISS-III and LISS-IV digital data covering Gulf of Kachchh region. The multi-temporal IRS LISS-III data covering Gulf of Kachchh of October-2005, November-2011 and LISS-IV data of April-2014 was analyzed. The mangrove density and mangrove area in different talukas was estimated based on the analysis of IRS LISS-III digital data. The mangroves have been delineated based on the pink colour observed on satellite images and the area was estimated in the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The taluka or block-level mangrove areas were estimated and changes in the areas were monitored during the period of six years from 2005 to 2011. It was observed that the areas where mangrove regeneration activities were carried out with active participation of Community Based Organizations (CBOs), mangrove density as well as mangrove area have subst

关键词： Remote Sensing Geo-Informatics Mangrove Ecosystem Change Monitoring Indian Remote Sensing Satellite Mangrove Regeneration Community Based Organizations (CBOs)

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