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Metalloproteinases as mediators of inflammation and the eyes： molecular genetic underpinnings governing ocular pathophysiology

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第8期10卷 1308-1318页

作者： Mahavir Singh Suresh C tyagi Eye and Vision Science Laboratory Department of Physiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville KY 40202 USA

There are many vision threatening diseases of the eye affecting millions of people worldwide. In this article, we are summarizing potential role of various matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs）; the Zn （2＋）-dependent endoproteases in eye health along with pathogenesis of prominent ocular diseases such as macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma via understanding MMPs regulation in affected patients, interactions of MMPs with their substrate molecules, and key regulatory functions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases （TIMPs） towards maintaining overall homeostasis.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration choroidal neovascularization diabetes glaucoma metalloproteinases tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases

Genes and genetics in eye diseases: a genomic medicine approach for investigating hereditary and inflammatory ocular disorders

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第1期11卷 117-134页

作者： Mahavir Singh Suresh C tyagi Eye and Vision Science Laboratory Department of Physiology University of Louisville School of Medicine

Past 25 y have witnessed an exponential increase in knowledge and understanding of ocular diseases and their respective genetic underpinnings. As a result, scientists have mapped many genes and their variants that can influence vision and health of our eyes. Based on these findings, it is becoming clear that an early diagnosis employing genetic testing can help evaluate patients＇ conditions for instituting treatment plan（s） and follow-up care to avoid vision complications later. For example, knowing family history becomes crucial for inherited eye diseases as it can benefit members in family who may have similar eye diseases or predispositions. Therefore, gathering information from an elaborate examination along with complete assessment of past medical illness by ophthalmologists followed by consultation with geneticists can help create a roadmap for making diagnosis and treatment precise and beneficial. In this review, we present an update on ocular genomic medicine that we believe has tremendous potential towards unraveling genetic implications in ocular diseases and patients＇ susceptibilities. We also discuss translational aspects of genetic ophthalmology and genome engineering that may help advance molecular diagnostics and therapeutics.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 precision medicine genetic ophthalmology genome engineering inflammation single nucleotide polymorphism

Investigation of Weakly Relativistic Ponderomotive Effects on Self-Focusing During Interaction of High Power Elliptical Laser Beam with Plasma

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第8期67卷 245-249页

作者： Keshav Walia Deepak Tripathi Yachna tyagi Department of Physics DAV University Jalandhar Department of Physics AIAS Amity University Noida

This paper presents an investigation of weakly relativistic ponderomotive effects on self-focusing during interaction of high power elliptical laser beam with plasma. The nonlinear differential equations for the beam width parameters of elliptical laser beam have set up by using Wentzal–Krammers–Brillouin(WKB) and paraxial approximations. These equations have been solved numerically by using fourth order Runge–Kutta method to study the variation of these beam width parameters against normalized distance of propagation. Effects of variation in laser beam intensity,plasma density and electron temperature on the beam width parameters are also analyzed.

关键词： self-focusing elliptical laser beam weakly relativistic ponderomotive effects plasma density elec-tron temperature

Homocysteine mediates transcriptional changes of the inflammatory pathway signature genes in human retinal pigment epithelial cells

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第5期10卷 696-704页

作者： Mahavir Singh Suresh C tyagi Department of Physiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville KY 40202 USA

AIM：To test whether homocysteine（Hcy） can influence the transcriptional profile, we hypothesized that Hcy can lead to the induction of proinflammatory molecules in the retinal cells of aging ***：An unbiased in vitro inflammatory pathway focused study was designed employing retinal pigment epithelial（RPE） cell line, ARPE-19. Cells were cultured in the presence or absence of Hcy to capture target genes＇ expression profile. Three different concentrations of Hcy were added in the culture medium of confluent monolayers. c RNAs were made from the isolated total RNAs and the labeled c RNA probes were hybridized to microarrays specific for human disease pathway inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and their receptor gene micro-array panels as per manufacture＇s recommendations. Two Hcy up-regulated molecules：IL6 and CEBPB were further validated via Western blot analysis. Hcy＇s effect on ARPE-19 cellular morphology and genomic DNA integrity were also ***：Gene microarray analyses of RPE cells in response to Hcy treatment revealed alterations in the expressions of several inflammatory gene transcripts such as CCL5, CEBPB, IL13RA2, IL15 RA, IL6, IL8 and CXCL3 that were up-regulated. The transcripts for C3, CCL2, IL11 RA and IL18 genes exhibited down-regulation. The IL6 and CEBPB expressions were subsequently validated at the protein levels. Treatment of the retinal cells with increasing Hcy concentration influenced their density in culture however their morphology and DNA integrity remained unaffected. CONCLUSION：These findings suggest that Hcy can potentially mediate the expression of chemokines,cytokines and interleukins receptors in the retinal cells without having any debilitating effects on their morphology and the genomic DNA integrity.

关键词： chemokine choroidal neovascularization cytokine gene expression hyperhomocysteinemia inflammation macular degeneration retinal remodeling

Friction and wear behavior of Cu-4 wt.％Ni-TiC composites under dry sliding conditions

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Friction 2017年第4期5卷 437-446页

作者： Pushkar JHA Rakesh Kumar GAUTAM Rajnesh tyagi Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Banaras Hindu University)Varanasi 221005India

The present study synthesized Cu-4 wt％ Ni matrix composites reinforced with different percentages of TiC (0,2,4,6,and 8 wt％) through high-energy ball milling,followed by compaction and *** friction and wear behavior was examined at four different normal loads of 5,10,15,and 20 N.A constant sliding speed of 1.25 m/s was maintained while sliding against a hardened counterface made of EN31 steel (HRC 60) under ambient conditions using a pin-on-disk test *** composite hardness increased until the addition of 4 wt％ of TiC,beyond which it was observed to *** a trend may be attributed to the TiC agglomeration in the composites containing relatively larger amounts of TiC (i.e.,6 and 8 wt％).The wear rate linearly increased with the ***,the composites exhibited a lower rate of wear than the matrix alloy,which may have resulted from the relatively higher hardness of *** observed friction and wear behavior has been explained on the basis of hardness and presence of the transfer layer on the worn surface and its nature,i.e.,loose or well *** of 4 wt％ TiC showed the optimum performance in terms of friction and wear caused by its higher hardness and ability to hold a transfer layer of a relatively larger thickness compared to the other *** wear mechanism for the Cu4Ni matrix alloy was a mix of adhesive and oxidative wear and primarily abrasive for the composites containing hard TiC particles.

关键词： sliding wear composites TiC particles friction

Malaria:role of antibodies in protection and pathogenesis:an overview

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第1期1卷 69-82页

作者： tyagi P Biswas S National Institute of Malaria Research Indian Council of Medical Research22-Sham Nath Marg.Delhi 110054India

The research scenario for malaria has improved in the last three decades to understand the epidemiology and host immune responses to plasmodial *** to the augmented episodes of resistance development against the commonly used antimalarials in plasmodium parasites,especially in Plasmodium falciparum,neutralization of infection through effective vaccine(s) remains the feasible alternative in malaria *** this direction,lot of attention was paid towards the identification of stage specific malaria antigens targeted by host ’s immune *** of synthetic or recombinant peptides and evaluation of their immunogenecity in naturally occurring antibody response were also given much importance,as these studies could help in finding potential candidates for future malaria vaccine(s).Attention was also *** the pathogenic consequences of antibody formation in malaria infection as polyclonal activation of B cells,which is a very prominent feature in malaria *** of circulating immune complexes in chronic malaria infection was also viewed as pathogenic parameter of severe *** present survey focuses mainly on protective and pathogenic aspects of malaria antibodies(eliciting against various,stage specific antigens),and future research plan in antibodymediated immune response.

关键词： malaria Plasmodium falciparum P.vivax,antigen antibobody immune complex

Three simultaneous innovations interrelationships:An adopter dynamics model

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2015年第3期6卷 116-130页

作者： Joydip Dhar Mani tyagi Poonam Sinha Department of Applied Sciences ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Gwalior(M.P.)-474010 INDIA School of Mathematics and Allied Sciences Jiwaji University Gwalior Gwalior(M.P.)-474011INDIA

In this paper, we develop a conceptual framework of a innovation diffusion dynamicsmodel in which multiple parallel innovations are effecting each other during the diffusionprocess. A mathematical model is proposed to explore the interaction and diffusion ofthree innovations simultaneously available in market. The stability analysis is carriedout for various types of diffusions on such system both analytically and *** is observed that the association between innovations in product market could becomplementary, substitute, independent or competitive. The co-existence and extinctionof innovation depends on the level of diffusion between the innovations and it may ormay not be sensitive to initial distribution of innovations.

关键词： Adopter dynamics model association between innovations steady states dynamical behavior

Geochemistry of core sediments from the southeastern Bay of Bengal:Inferences on weathering and early diagenetic changes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 495-504页

作者： A.Prajith Abhishek tyagi P.John Kurian National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research(NCPOR) Ministry of Earth Sciences(MoES)Headland SadaVasco-da-Gama403804GoaIndia

A sediment core(ABP24/05),collected at a water depth of 3520 m from the southeastern Bay of Bengal was studied to determine the change in chemical weathering during the last glacial to deglacial periods and the factors of sedimentary environment which controlled earliest diagenetic changes in the sediment after its *** ratios of K/Rb,Ti/Al and Zr/Rb during~45 to~18 cal kyr *** the core sediments may be attributed to the stronger physical erosion and turbidity currents activity during this *** might have brought a higher quantity of unaltered minerals to the study *** ratios of K/Rb,Zr/Rb,and Ti/Al and increase of SiO_(2)/TiO_(2),Rb/Al and Cs/Al from~18 cal kyr *** present may be indicating an increase in the rate of chemical weathering during this *** time of increased chemical weathering in the study area is consistent with deglaciation warming in the tropical Indian Ocean and strengthening of river runoff into the Andaman *** change during the interglacial period by increased solar insolation thereby strengthened the summer monsoon which might have led to intensified chemical weathering in the source region since~18 cal kyr *** low organic carbon(OC),high Mn/Al,Fe/Al and the Mn-oxides minerals precipitation indicate prevailing of oxic conditions during~11 cal kyr *** the core sediments,which is contradictory to suboxic conditions developed in the deep ocean sediments in the western Bay of Bengal and the equatorial Indian *** low terrigenous influx and export of less OC to the bottom sediments might have created a favorable condition for the formation of Mn-oxides in the study area during Holocene.

关键词： Bay of Bengal Trace elements Chemical weathering Summer monsoon Mn-oxides

Optimal Control of Nonlinear Inverted Pendulum System Using PID Controller and LQR: Performance Analysis Without and With Disturbance Input

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2014年第6期11卷 661-670页

作者： Lal Bahadur Prasad Barjeev tyagi Hari Om Gupta Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand 247667 India

Linear quadratic regulator(LQR) and proportional-integral-derivative(PID) control methods, which are generally used for control of linear dynamical systems, are used in this paper to control the nonlinear dynamical system. LQR is one of the optimal control techniques, which takes into account the states of the dynamical system and control input to make the optimal control *** nonlinear system states are fed to LQR which is designed using a linear state-space model. This is simple as well as robust. The inverted pendulum, a highly nonlinear unstable system, is used as a benchmark for implementing the control methods. Here the control objective is to control the system such that the cart reaches a desired position and the inverted pendulum stabilizes in the upright position. In this paper, the modeling and simulation for optimal control design of nonlinear inverted pendulum-cart dynamic system using PID controller and LQR have been presented for both cases of without and with disturbance input. The Matlab-Simulink models have been developed for simulation and performance analysis of the control schemes. The simulation results justify the comparative advantage of LQR control method.

关键词： Inverted pendulum nonlinear system proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control optimal control linear quadratic regulator (LQR)