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Controllable Transdermal Drug Delivery of Theobroma cacao Extract Based Polymeric Hydrogel against Dermal Microbial and Oxidative Damage

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第10期10卷 1212-1235页

作者： Shriya Agarwal Vandana tyagi Mugdha Agarwal Arushi Pant Harleen Kaur Rachana Manisha Singh Department of Biotechnology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida India Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University Noida India.

Human dermal layers are directly bared to the external environmental adversities like pollution, radiation, dust along with various chemical and mechanical stress conditions which constantly lead to the oxidative stress, eventually forming free radicals. These conditions also support the dermal microbial infections by invading the cutaneous layers. Therefore, the most efficient approach accepted globally to combat these complications is to opt for transdermal application of exogenous antioxidants which helps in reducing the ill effects of oxidative stress and promotes the DNA repair. However, many scientific findings exhibited the potential role of Theobroma cacao for providing efficient skin protection. Theobroma cacao known for its vital procyanidin flavonoids, phenolic compounds, methylxanthines, catechin and epicatechin phytoconstituents with numerous health benefits, besides helping in smoothening and softening the damaged skin. These therapeutic benefits of cocoa phytocompounds are attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative characteristics. This study addresses the fabrication and optimizations of Theobroma cacao extract loaded carbopol hydrogel system for increased antioxidative and antimicrobial effects. It was found in the studies that the hydrogel-based T. cacao extract (TCHG) has significantly improved the therapeutic index of the extract, making it more suitable for transdermal application. The optimized hydrogel was further characterized by physicochemical parameters, SEM analysis and in-vitro release kinetics. The reported findings showed the sustained compound release with comparatively significant antimicrobial activity of TCHG against microbial (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus licheniformis, Micrococcus luteus, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhizopus oryzae) infections. Also, the higher ROS quenching ability of TCHG as compared to T. cacao extract promises to be an effective transdermal formulation.

关键词： Theobromine Hydrogel Oxidative Stress Release Kinetics Transdermal

Variation in Parameters of Ambient Air Quality in National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi (India)

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2015年第1期5卷 13-22页

作者： Anunay A. Gour Santosh K. Singh Sushil K. tyagi Anubha Mandal Department of Environmental Engineering Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering) Delhi India Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Delhi India

Air Pollution is an escalating problem worldwide fuelled by increasing anthropogenic activities, speedy development, rapid industrialization, transportation, superfluous use of fossil fuel consumption, increasing global power needs, etc. Also the diverse meteorological factors influence our environment to a great extent. Population explosion has led to remarkable increase in vehicular population. The use solely depends upon the lifestyle of the citizen. Any change in the lifestyle has a remarkable effect on the air we breathe. A comprehensive database for pollution levels from the year 2006 to 2010 was analyzed for a main traffic intersection and a non-traffic area in Delhi (India). The paper asserts that pollutant concentration levels on weekend are lower than those on weekdays (increase on Sundays with respect to weekdays is CO 2.98 times, PM2.5 1.18 times, NO 1.62 times, NO2 5.76 times, SO2 1.27 times and O3 1.15 times). The pollution levels have been found to attenuate on public holidays and weekends. Pollution can hence be related to the weekly cycle of human activities. Pollutions due to vehicular emissions on roads, rails, air or water all serve as major sources of pollution. Hence, viably possible solutions for pollution control can also be achieved by controlling the magnitude of traffic flow on roads.

关键词： Ambient Air Quality Emission Seasonal Variation Weekend Effect Delhi

Developing Strong and Hybrid Formulation for the Single Stage Single Period Multi Commodity Warehouse Location Problem: Theoretical Framework and Empirical Investigation

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American Journal of Operations Research 2015年第3期5卷 112-128页

作者： R. R. K. Sharma Parag tyagi Vimal Kumar Ajay Jha Department of Industrial & Management Engineering IIT Kanpur India

We note that the Single Stage Single Period Multi Commodity Warehouse Location Problem (SSSPMCWLP) has been first attempted by Geoffrion and Graves [1], and that they use the weak formulation (in context of contribution of this paper). We give for the first time “strong” formulation of SSSPMCWLP. We notice advantages of strong formulation over weak formulation in terms of better bounds for yielding efficient Branch and Bound solutions. However, the computation time of “strong” formulation was discovered to be higher than that of the “weak” formulation, which was a major drawback in solving large size problems. To overcome this, we develop the hybrid strong formulation by adding only a few most promising demand and supply side strong constraints to the weak formulation of SSSPMCWLP. So, the formulations developed were put to test on various large size problems. Hybrid formulation is able to give better bound than the weak and takes much less CPU time than the strong formulation. So, a kind of trade off is achieved allowing efficiently solving large sized SSSPMCWLP in real times using hybrid formulation.

关键词： SSUWLP SSSPMCWLP Strong and Weak Constraints Hybrid Formulation RMIP

Corrosion aspect of dental implants—An overview and literature review

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2014年第2期4卷 56-60页

作者： Anuja Agarwal Amit tyagi Anshuman Ahuja Nishant Kumar Nayana De Himanshu Bhutani Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ITS Dental College Hospital and Research Centre Knowledge Park III Greater Noida India

The use of metals and their alloys in restorative and implant dentistry dates back to centuries. Titanium (Ti) is one of the most widely used biomaterial for medical implants because of its excellent mechanical properties and exceptional biocompatibility. The good biocompatibility of Ti is related to the thin oxide layer formed on Ti surface. TiO2 is inactive with the surrounding biological environment and quite compatible with living tissues. However, TiO2 layer can be destroyed during movements between implant and bone tissue under loading condition. The localized destruction causes corrosion of the implant, thus, weakening it;and can induce the leak of small metallic particles or ions into living tissues. This article highlights a review of the various aspects of corrosion and biocompatibility of dental titanium implants as well as suprastructures, and the methods to prevent it.

关键词： Implants Corrosion Titanium

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向日葵产量构成和成熟期性状的配合力分析

国外农学（向日葵） 1989年第1期 26-28页

作者： tyagi,AP 张义

Selective Cluster-Based Temperature Monitoring System for Homogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

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ZTE Communications 2014年第3期12卷 22-29页

作者： Sudhanshu tyagi Sudeep Tanwar Sumit Kumar Gupta Neeraj Kumar Joel J.P.C.Rodrigues Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering J. P. Institute of Enginerring and Technology (JPIET) Department of Information Technology Bharat Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Institute of Information & Management Technology (IIMT) Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar University Instituto de Telecomunicaōes University of Beira Interior University ITMO

Over the past few decades, there has been a revolution in ICT, and this has led to the evolution of wireless sensor networks （WSN）, in particular, wireless body area networks. Such networks comprise a specialized collection of sensor nodes （SNs） that may be deployed randomly in a body area network to collect data from the human body. In a health monitoring system, it may be es-sential to maintain constant environmental conditions within a specific area in the hospital. In this paper, we propose a tempera-ture-monitoring system and describe a case study of a health-monitoring system for patents critically ill with the same disease and in the same environment. We propose Enhanced LEACH Selective Cluster （E-LEACH-SC） routing protocol for monitoring the tem-perature of an area in a hospital. We modified existing Selective Cluster LEACH protocol by using a fixed-distance-based thresh-old to divide the coverage region in two subregions. Direct data transmission and selective cluster-based data transmission ap-proaches were used to provide short-range and long-distance coverage for the collection of data from the body of ill patients. Ex-tensive simulations were run by varying the ratio of node densities of the two subregions in the health-monitoring system. Last Node Alive （LNA）, which is a measure of network lifespan, was the parameter for evaluating the performance of the proposed scheme. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme significantly increases network lifespan compared with traditional LEACH and LEACH-SC protocols, which by themselves improve the overall performance of the health-monitoring system.

关键词： network lifespan sensor node LEACH LNA

Characterization of chickpea germplasm conserved in the Indian National Genebank and development of a core set using qualitative and quantitative trait data

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The Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 417-424页

作者： Sunil Archak Rishi K.tyagi P.N.Harer L.B.Mahase Neeta Singh Om P.Dahiya M.Abdul Nizar Mohar Singh Vrushali Tilekar Vikas Kumar Manoranjan Dutta Narendra P.Singh Kailash C.Bansal ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Pulses Improvement Project Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulse Research

Chickpea is the third most important pulse crop as a source of dietary protein. Ever-increasing demand in Asian countries calls for breeding superior desi-type varieties, in turn necessitating the availability of characterized germplasm to breeders. The Indian National Genebank,located at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, conserves 14,651 accessions of chickpea. The entire set was characterized in a single large-scale *** variation was observed for eight quantitative and 12 qualitative agro-morphological traits. Allelic richness procedure was employed to assemble a core set comprising 1103 accessions, 70.0% of which were of Indian origin. Comparable values of total variation explained by the first three principal components in the entire collection(51.1%) and the core(52.4%)together with conservation of nine pairwise r values among quantitative traits in the core collection and a coincidence rate around 99.7% indicated that the chickpea core was indeed an excellent representation of the entire chickpea collection in the National Genebank. The chickpea core exhibited greater diversity than the entire collection in agro-morphological traits, as assessed by higher variance and Shannon–Weaver diversity indices, indicating that the chickpea core maximized the phenotypic diversity available in the Indian chickpea germplasm. The chickpea core, comprising mainly indigenous desi genotypes, is expected to be an excellent resource for chickpea breeders. Information on the chickpea core can be accessed at http://***/pgrportal.

关键词： Cicer arietinum Chickpea germplasm Indian National Genebank Agro-morphological variation Chickpea core

Cytokinin but not gibberellin application had major impact on the phenylpropanoid pathway in grape

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 599-613页

作者： Kamal tyagi Itay Maoz Bettina Kochanek Noa Sela Larry Lerno Susan EEbeler Amnon Lichter Department of Postharvest Science Agricultural Research OrganizationThe Volcani CenterRishon LeZionIsrael Department of Viticulture and Enology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of Plant Pathology Agricultural Research OrganizationThe Volcani CenterRishon LeZionIsrael Food Safety and Measurement Facility University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Cytokinin and gibberellic acid(GA)are growth regulators used to increase berry size in seedless grapes and it is of interest to understand their effects on the phenylpropanoid pathway and on ripening *** 3 and synthetic cytokinin forchlorfenuron(N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea,CPPU)and their combination were applied to 6 mm diameter fruitlets of‘Sable Seedless’,and berries were sampled 51 and 70 days(d)following *** treatments increased berry size and delayed sugar accumulation and acid degradation with a stronger effect of ***,but not GA,reduced berry color and the levels of *** CPPU reduced the levels of anthocyanins by more than 50%,the combined treatment of GA+CPPU reduced the levels by about 25%at 51 *** treatment had minor effects on flavonols content but increased the levels of monomeric flavan-3-ols by more than *** analysis using HPLC showed that proanthocyanidin content was significantly increased by CPPU,whereas mean degree of polymerization was reduced from 26 to *** analysis by GC-MS showed changes in composition with CPPU or GA treatment with potential impact on ***-seq analysis showed that GA had a minor overall effect on the transcriptome whereas CPPU had pronounced effects on gene expression at both 51 and 70 *** the control and CPPU at similar Brix of ca.19.7°,a reduced expression of stilbene synthases(STSs)including their regulators MYB14 and MYB15,and other phenylpropanoid-related genes was observed in CPPU-treated ***,our study shows that CPPU had a major influence on the phenylpropanoid pathway and affected multiple ripening-related processes.

关键词： CPPU impact treatment

Biotoxicity of CdS/CdSe Core-Shell Nano-Structures

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2016年第1期5卷 1-8页

作者： Sreenu Bhanoth Anuraj S. Kshirsagar Pawan K. Khanna Aakriti tyagi Anita K. Verma Nanochemistry R & D Lab Department of Applied Chemistry Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT) Ministry of Defence Government of India Girinagar Pune-411 021 India Nano Bio-Tech Lab Department of Zoology Kirorimal College University of Delhi Delhi India

The cytotoxicity of hydrophobic QDs CdS/CdSe was tested assigning MTT assay on Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK-293), breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and Enrichlish Ascitices Cells (EAC). Approximately 65% bio-toxicity was observed in MCF-7 for the core-shell QDs. These QDs may also find effective applications in other optoelectronic devices. CdS/CdSe core-shell hetrostructure quantum dots (QDs) were generated by chemical reaction between the respective chalcogens and cadmium metal salt. Sulphur powder was utilized for CdS core preparation while selenium was extracted from an organoselenium compound to impart CdSe shell layer at a temperature between 150℃ - 200℃. So-prepared core-shell QDs showed good optical properties. The particle size was found to be in the range of 3 - 4 nm with spherical morphology and cubic crystal structure.

关键词： Quantum Dots Metal Chalcogenides Bio-Toxicity Cell Lines