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Prediction of severe acute pancreatitis:Current knowledge and novel insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6273-6275页

作者： Georgios I papachristou Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and potentially lethal acute inflammatory process with a highly variable clinical course. It is still unclear why some patients progress to organ failure and others do not. Physicians, ability to predict which patients will develop severe disease is limited. Routine clinical and laboratory data and multi-factorial clinical scores measured on admission and during the first 48 h of hospitalization are currently the standards of care used to estimate the magnitude of the inflammatory response to injury. Current literature highlights several common environmental, metabolic and genetic factors that increase the risk of AP development and subsequent adverse sequelae. Several cytokines have been found to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AP by driving the subsequent inflammatory response, to include tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Large, prospective studies are still needed to address these questions by identifying AP risk factors and serum biomarkers of severe disease.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Prediction Severity Monocyte chemotactic protein-1

Clinical outcomes of isolated renal failure compared to other forms of organ failure in patients with severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第29期23卷 5431-5437页

作者： Amir Gougol Mohannad Dugum Anwar Dudekula Phil Greer Adam Slivka David C Whitcomb Dhiraj Yadav Georgios I papachristou Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh

To assess differences in clinical outcomes of isolated renal failure (RF) compared to other forms of organ failure (OF) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODSUsing a prospectively maintained database of patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to a tertiary medical center between 2003 and 2016, those with evidence of persistent OF were classified to renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, or multi-organ (2 or more organs). Data regarding demographics, comorbidities, etiology of acute pancreatitis, and clinical outcomes were prospectively recorded. Differences in clinical outcomes after development of isolated RF in comparison to other forms of OF were determined using independent t and Mann-Whitney U tests for continues variables, and χ2 test for discrete variables. RESULTSAmong 500 patients with acute pancreatitis, 111 patients developed persistent OF: mean age was 54 years, and 75 (67.6%) were male. Forty-three patients had isolated OF: 17 (15.3%) renal, 25 (21.6%) respiratory, and 1 (0.9%) patient with cardiovascular failure. No differences in demographics, etiology of acute pancreatitis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome scores, or development of pancreatic necrosis were seen between patients with isolated RF vs isolated respiratory failure. Patients with isolated RF were less likely to require nutritional support (76.5% vs 96%, P = 0.001), ICU admission (58.8% vs 100%, P = 0.001), and had shorter mean ICU stay (2.4 d vs 15.7 d, P < 0.001), compared to isolated respiratory failure. None of the patients with isolated RF or isolated respiratory failure died. CONCLUSIONAmong patients with SAP per the Revised Atlanta Classification, approximately 15% develop isolated RF. This subgroup seems to have a less protracted clinical course compared to other forms of OF. Isolated RF might be weighed less than isolated respiratory failure in risk predictive modeling of acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Renal failure Respiratory failure Organ failure Acute pancreatitis Clinical outcomes

Impact of bisphosphonate treatment on bone mineral density after kidney transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 102-109页

作者： Georgia Andriana Georgopoulou Marios Papasotiriou Theodoros Ntrinias Eirini Savvidaki Dimitrios S Goumenos Evangelos papachristou Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation University Hospital of PatrasPatras 26504Greece

BACKGROUND Mineral bone disease is associated with chronic kidney disease and persists after kidney *** treatment contributes to the patho-genesis of this *** treatments have shown positive but inde-finite *** To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of bisphosphonate treatment on post kidney transplantation bone mineral density(BMD).METHODS We included kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)whose BMD was measured after the operation but before the initiation of treatment and their BMD was measured at least one year *** also evaluated the BMD of KTRs using two valid mea-surements after transplantation who received no treatment(control group).RESULTS Out of 254 KTRs,62(39 men)were included in the *** were initiated in 35 KTRs in total(20 men),1.1±2.4 years after operation and for a period of 3.9±2.3 years while 27(19 men)received no *** improved significantly in KTRs who received bisphosphonate treatments(from-2.29±1.07 to-1.66±1.09,P<0.0001).The control group showed a non-significant decrease in BMD after 4.2±1.4 years of follow-up after *** function was not affected by bisphosphonate *** KTRs with established osteoporosis,active treatment had a similar and significant effect on those with osteopenia or normal bone *** In this retrospective study of KTRs receiving bisphosphonate treatment,we showed that active treatment is effective in preventing bone loss irrespective of baseline BMD.

关键词： Mineral and bone disorders Chronic kidney disease Kidney transplant recipients Bisphosphonates Bone mineral density

Mood disorders: A potential link between ghrelin and leptin on human body?

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2015年第2期5卷 103-109页

作者： Stalo Zarouna Greta Wozniak Anastasia Ioannis papachristou Psychology Department University of Cyprus Basic Medical Science Medical Pharmacology Medical School University of Cyprus School of Medicine University of Crete Voutes Campus

Leptin and ghrelin are two hormones associated with multiple physiological functions, especially energy balance. Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone discovered in 1950 and ghrelin which was found in 1999, is a peptide hormone produced and secreted in the stomach. A number of previous studies showed that these hormones could be associated with different types of mood disorders. The results of previous studies, nevertheless, are confounded by diverse sample selection and different methodologies. A search for related articles in the Pub Med database was attempted. The search covered studies, reports, reviews and editorials published in the last ten years. Older references served as auxiliary sources for comparison purposes. However, due to the different results of the studies, there is a need for more investigation in order to establish the exact biochemical mechanisms that are responsible for these diseases and ghrelin's and leptin's effects on mood.

关键词： Mood disorders Ghrelin Leptin

Bone and high-density lipoprotein:The beginning of a beautiful friendship

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第2期7卷 74-77页

作者： Dionysios J papachristou Harry C Blair Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology Unit of Bone and Soft Tissue StudiesUniversity of PatrasSchool of Medicine Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh VA Medical Center

There is a tight link between bone and lipid metabolic *** this vein,several studies focused on the exploration of high-density lipoprotein(HDL)in the pathobiology of bone diseases,with emphasis to the osteoarthritis(OA)and osteoporosis,the most common bone ***,epidemiological and in vitro data have connected reduced HDL levels or dysfunctional HDL with cartilage destruction and OA *** studies uncovered functional links between HDL and OA fueling the interesting hypothesis that OA could be a chronic element of the metabolic *** studies have linked HDL to bone mineral *** though at epidemiological levels the results are conflicting,studies in animals as well as in vitro experiments have shown that HDL facilitates osteoblastogensis and bone synthesis and most probably affects osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast bone ***,reduced HDL levels result in increased bone marrow adiposity affecting bone cells *** the mechanisms that connect HDL and bone/cartilage homeostasis may contribute to the design of novel therapeutic agents for the improvement of bone and cartilage quality and thus for the treatment of related pathological conditions.

关键词： High-density lipoprotein Cartilage Bone Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis

Systematic development of ionizable lipid nanoparticles for placental mRNA delivery using a design of experiments approach

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第4期34卷 125-137页

作者： Rachel E.Young Katherine M.Nelson Samuel I.Hofbauer Tara Vijayakumar Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh Drew Weissman Charalampos papachristou Jason P.Gleghorn Rachel S.Riley Department of Biomedical Engineering Henry M.Rowan College of EngineeringRowan University201 Mullica Hill RdGlassboroNJ 08028United States School of Translational Biomedical Engineering&Sciences Virtua College of Medicine&Life Sciences of Rowan University201 Mullica Hill RdGlassboroNJ 08028United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Delaware150 Academy StreetNewarkDE 19716United States Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Rowan University401 BroadwayCamdenNJ 08103United States Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania3400 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Department of Mathematics College of Science&MathematicsRowan University201 Mullica Hill RdGlassboroNJ 08028United States Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Delaware590 Avenue 1743NewarkDE 19713United States

Ionizable lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)have gained attention as mRNA delivery platforms for vaccination against COVID-19 and for protein replacement *** enhance mRNA stability,circulation time,cellular uptake,and preferential delivery to specific tissues compared to mRNA with no carrier ***,LNPs are only in the beginning stages of development for safe and effective mRNA delivery to the placenta to treat placental ***,we develop LNPs that enable high levels of mRNA delivery to trophoblasts in vitro and to the placenta in vivo with no *** conducted a Design of Experiments to explore how LNP composition,including the type and molar ratio of each lipid component,drives trophoblast and placental *** data revealed that utilizing C12-200 as the ionizable lipid and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(DOPE)as the phospholipid in the LNP design yields high transfection efficiency in *** of lipid molar composition as a design parameter in LNPs displayed a strong correlation between apparent pKa and poly(ethylene)glycol(PEG)content,as a reduction in PEG molar amount increases apparent ***,we present one LNP platform that exhibits the highest delivery of placental growth factor mRNA to the placenta in pregnant mice,resulting in synthesis and secretion of a potentially therapeutic ***,our high-performing LNPs have no toxicity to both the pregnant mice and *** results demonstrate the feasibility of LNPs as a platform for mRNA delivery to the placenta,and our top LNP formulations may provide a therapeutic platform to treat diseases that originate from placental dysfunction during pregnancy.

关键词： Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs) Drug delivery Nucleic acids Placental growth factor(PlGF) Placenta Pregnancy Preeclampsia

Effect of pancreatic endotherapy on quality of life in chronic pancreatitis patients:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2021年第8期13卷 336-344页

作者： Samuel Y Han Georgios I papachristou Raj J Shah Darwin L Conwell Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Pancreatic endotherapy provides treatment options for the management of chronic pancreatitis-related structural complications such as pancreatic duct stones,strictures,and pancreatic fluid *** studies detailing endotherapy,however,have focused on technical success outcomes such as stone clearance or stricture *** To review the effect of pancreatic endotherapy on patient-centered *** Systematic review of studies examining pancreatic *** A total of 13 studies including 3 randomized clinical trials were *** majority of studies found an improvement in quality of life with pancreatic *** While pancreatic endotherapy does appear to improve quality of life,there are clear gaps in knowledge regarding many pancreatic endotherapy ***,qualitative analysis is lacking in these studies and further work is needed to elucidate the patient experience with pancreatic endotherapy.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic endotherapy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Quality of life

Cardiovascular disease: Risk factors and applicability of a risk model in a Greek cohort of renal transplant recipients

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World Journal of Transplantation 2017年第1期7卷 49-56页

作者： Nikolaos-Andreas Anastasopoulos Evangelia Dounousi Evangelos papachristou Charalampos Pappas Eleni Leontaridou Eirini Savvidaki Dimitrios Goumenos Michael Mitsis Department of Medicine School of Health Sciences University of Ioannina Renal Transplant Unit University Hospital of Ioannina School of Health Science University of Patras Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Patras University Hospital Department of Nephrology University Hospital of Ioannina

AIM To investigate the incidence and the determinants of cardiovascular morbidity in Greek renal transplant recipients(RTRs) expressed as major advance cardiac event(MACE) rate. METHODS Two hundred and forty-two adult patients with a functioning graft for at least three months and availabledata that were followed up on the August 31, 2015 at two transplant centers of Western Greece were included in this study. Baseline recipients' data elements included demographics, clinical characteristics, history of comorbid conditions and laboratory parameters. Follow-up data regarding MACE occurrence were collected retrospectively from the patients' records and MACE risk score was calculated for each patient. RESULTS The mean age was 53 years(63.6% males) and 47 patients(19.4%) had a pre-existing cardiovascular disease(CVD) before transplantation. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 52 ± 17 mL /min per 1.73 m2. During follow-up 36 patients(14.9%) suffered a MACE with a median time to MACE 5 years(interquartile range: 2.2-10 years). Recipients with a MACE compared to recipients without a MACE had a significantly higher mean age(59 years vs 52 years, P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of pre-existing CVD(44.4% vs 15%, P < 0.001). The 7-year predicted mean risk for MACE was 14.6% ± 12.5% overall. In RTRs who experienced a MACE, the predicted risk was 22.3% ± 17.1% and was significantly higher than in RTRs without an event 13.3% ± 11.1%(P = 0.003). The discrimination ability of the model in the Greek database of RTRs was good with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.68(95%CI: 0.58-0.78).CONCLUSION In this Greek cohort of RTRs, MACE occurred in 14.9% of the patients, pre-existing CVD was the main risk factor, while MACE risk model was proved a dependable utility in predicting CVD post RT.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Major advance cardiac event Risk factors Risk model Kidney Transplantation

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粉煤灰用于除去氟化物

环境科学与管理 1986年第3期 64-65页

作者： R■papachristou 刘文臣

粉煤灰通常含有相当数量的氧化铝,占重量的10—20％,它是活性的,因此可以预期它在滞留阴离子方面能起重要作用。洛伦兹(Lorenz 1954)曾显示过用粉煤灰从废水中回收酚的可能性。泰内(Teney)和卡洛(Colo 1968)研究过用粉煤灰作为污泥清洁... 详细信息

粉煤灰通常含有相当数量的氧化铝,占重量的10—20％,它是活性的,因此可以预期它在滞留阴离子方面能起重要作用。洛伦兹(Lorenz 1954)曾显示过用粉煤灰从废水中回收酚的可能性。泰内(Teney)和卡洛(Colo 1968)研究过用粉煤灰作为污泥清洁剂,表明能除去相当数量的磷酸盐。甘戈利和索德斯(Gangoli、Thodos、1973)也用了粉煤灰作为吸附物质,以除去废水中的磷酸盐。后来的研究者们报告了粉煤灰能部分地除去溶液中的重铬酸盐阴离子,并且他们用吸附机理来解释,他们把这种吸附解

关键词：粉煤灰 ppm 粉尘氟化物卤化物氟离子阴离子