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沸石催化甘蔗渣裂解制备多壁碳纳米管

燃料化学学报 2021年第10期49卷 1421-1434页

作者： aboul-enein ateyya a.a.a.a.La. a.med E EL-DESOUKI Doa. S aboul-GHEIT Noha.a. Process Development Division Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteCairo 11727Egypt EPRI-Na.otechnology Center Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteCairo 11727Egypt

通过催化热解农业废弃物甘蔗渣(SCB),采用两步工艺生产具有显著应用价值的碳纳米管(CNTs)。主要研究沸石催化剂(HZSM-5、HMOR和HY)、热解温度(450−700℃)和SCB/ZSM-5的比例(3−12)对SCB催化热解的影响,确定最佳工艺参数。随后,将第一步... 详细信息

通过催化热解农业废弃物甘蔗渣(SCB),采用两步工艺生产具有显著应用价值的碳纳米管(CNTs)。主要研究沸石催化剂(HZSM-5、HMOR和HY)、热解温度(450−700℃)和SCB/ZSM-5的比例(3−12)对SCB催化热解的影响,确定最佳工艺参数。随后,将第一步产生富含碳的热解产物用于第二步由Co-Mo/MgO催化生长CNTs。通过简单的两步工艺催化热解SCB生产CNTs。SCB的催化热解在半间歇式反应器(外径=4 cm,长度=90 cm)中进行,CNTs的生长在水平反应器(外径=2.5 cm,长度=100 cm)中进行。两个反应器通过玻璃管(直径0.6 cm,长度12 cm)连接并将热解产物从反应器I转移到反应器II。在半间歇式反应器中放入经过预处理的SCB和沸石催化剂,并以20℃/min加热到反应所需温度。随后,将0.5 g Co-Mo/MgO加入到水平反应器中作为CNTs的生长催化剂。在一个典型的实验中,将2 g沸石催化剂、24 g SCB放入半间歇式反应器,研究了不同种类沸石催化剂在500℃温度条件下对SCB热解的影响。接着,使用HZSM-5研究了不同温度(450−700℃)对SCB热解的影响。最后,研究了不同SCB/ZSM-5投料比例(SCB/ZSM-5=3、6、9、12)对SCB热解的影响。此外,水平反应器中的CNTs生长温度恒定为700℃。通过XRD、TPR和TPD进行催化剂表征。XRD谱图证实了催化剂存在MgO和Co_(3)O_(4),以及以小尺寸颗粒形式存在的CoMoO4和MgMoO4。使用XRD数据根据Scherrer方程计算45%Co-5%Mo/MgO催化剂的平均晶粒尺寸为25.8 nm。TPR分析表明,Co-Mo/MgO催化剂是由未反应的Co_(3)O_(4)以及混合氧化物组成。使用XRD数据,计算得到HZSM-5、HMOR和HY的平均晶粒尺寸分别为43、41和51 nm。NH3-TPD分析表明沸石催化剂存在大量的酸性位点。催化热解SCB结果表明,由HY和HZSM-5催化剂在500℃得到的挥发性产品(生物油和气体)的总收率值分别为34.4%和32.8%,而使用HMOR产生的这些挥发性产品的收率值最低(28.8%)。用HZSM-5催化热解SCB获得了最高的炭产量(23.1%)。然而,使用HMOR和HY热解催化剂产生的炭产量值较低,分别为15.8%和9.8%。使用TEM表征通过两步法生产的碳纳米管,并且测量了CNTs的外径。数据显示,用HZSM-5进行SCB热解产生了直径分布范围较宽的CNTs(10−56 nm),而用HMOR和HY热解催化剂则分别获得了直径较窄的CNTs(13−44 nm,12−28 nm)。拉曼光谱分析表明,使用HZSM-5作为SCB热解的催化剂可以生产最优的CNTs。研究了不同热解温度对CNTs产量的影响。结果显示,将热解温度从450℃提高到500℃,炭产率值从6.7%达到最佳值23.1%,接着增加温度至700℃,炭产量下降至16.7%。随后对不同温度下催化热解形成的炭产品进行TEM表征,结果显示,随着温度的升高炭产品中CNTs的比例下降,CNTs的直径范围变窄。拉曼光谱分析结果表明,在500和700℃形成的CNMs具有最少的缺陷。研究了投料比例对炭产品产量的影响,结果表明,SCB/ZSM-5的比例从3提高到12,生物油和气体的总产量从36.4%下降到32.8%,而生物炭的产量分别从63.6%增加到67.2%。根据催化剂的质量计算得到炭产量的最佳值是使用SCB/ZSM-5比例为6。使用TEM表征不同投料比例生产的炭产品,分析表征结果可得SCB/ZSM-5的比例为6,是形成具有良好质量的致密CNTs的最佳选择。并且不同投料比例的拉曼光谱显示,SCB/ZSM-5比例为6可以生产最优的CNTs。沸石类型(HZSM-5、HMOR和HY)、热解温度(450−700℃)和SCB/ZSM-5比例(3−12)影响CNTs和热解产物(气体、生物油和生物炭)的产量。实验结果表明,获得最高CNTs产量的条件为:热解温度为500℃、SCB/ZSM-5比例为6;获得最高生物油和气体总产量(40%)的条件为:热解温度为700℃、SCB/ZSM-5比例为12。TEM分析表明,使用HZSM-5催化剂在热解温度450℃只生成竹节状碳纳米管(BCNTs),而CNTs和碳纳米洋葱(CNO)是在较高温度热解温度(500−700℃)下产生的。使用SCB/ZSM-5的比例为6时,生成CNTs的直径分布范围最大(7−76 nm)。拉曼光谱分析表明,使用SCB/ZSM-5的比例为6时,形成的CNTs最优。该研究显示,在半间歇式反应器中催化热解SCB是生产CNTs的有效技术,通过对工艺和反应器的优化可以达到更好的效果。

关键词：碳纳米管 Co-Mo/MgO 热解甘蔗渣 ZSM-5沸石

Effect of combining the meta.s of group VI supported on H-ZSM-5 zeolite a. ca.a.ysts for non-oxida.ive conversion of na.ura. ga. to petrochemica.s

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Journa. of Na.ura. Ga. Chemistry 2009年第1期18卷 71-77页

作者： a. K. aboul-Gheit a. E. a.a.a.la. Process Development Division Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Nasr City P. O. Box 9540 Cairo 11787 Egypt

The most prestigious ca.a.yst a.plied in na.ura. ga. （metha.e） non-oxida.ive conversion to petrochemica.s is 6%Mo/H-ZSM-5. Chromium, molybdenum a.d tungsten a.e the group VI meta.s. Hence, in this work, 6%Mo/H-ZSM-5 wa. correla.ed with 3%Cr＋3%Mo/H-ZSM-5 a.d 3%W＋3%Mo/H-ZSM-5 a. ca.a.ysts to exa.ine their promoting or inhibiting effects on the va.ious rea.tions ta.ing pla.e during metha.e conversion. The ca.a.ytic a.tivities of these ca.a.ysts were tested in a.continuous flow fixed bed rea.tor a. 700℃ a.d a.GHSV of 1500 ml·g^-1·h^-1 Cha.a.teriza.ion of the ca.a.ysts using XRD, TGa.a.d TPD were investiga.ed. XRD a.d NH3-TPD showed grea.er intera.tion between the W-pha.e a.d the Bronsted a.id sites in the cha.nels of the zeolite tha. between Cr-pha.e a.d the a.id sites in the zeolite.

关键词： na.ura. ga. metha.e benzene na.htha.ene hydrogen molybdenum chromium tungsten H-ZSM-5 zeolite

Effect of ultra.onic irra.ia.ion a.d /or ha.ogena.ion on the ca.a.ytic performa.ce of γ-a._2O_3 for metha.ol dehydra.ion to dimethyl ether

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燃料化学学报 2013年第9期41卷 1077-1084页

作者： Sa.eh M.K.aboul-Fotouh a.n Sha.s University Faculty of EducationChemistry DepartmentRoxyCairo 11566Egypt

Dimethyl ether(DME) is a.ongst one of the most promising a.terna.ive,renewa.le a.d clea. fuels being considered a. a.future energy *** this study,the compa.a.ive ca.a.ytic performa.ce of the ha.ogena.ed γ-a. 2 O 3 prepa.ed from two ha.ogen precursors(a.monium chloride a.d a.monium fluoride) is *** impa.t of ultra.onic irra.ia.ion wa. eva.ua.ed in order to optimize both the ha.ogen precursor for the production of DME from metha.ol in a.fixed bed *** ca.a.ysts were cha.a.terized by SEM,XRD,BET a.d NH *** rea.tion conditions where the tempera.ure ra.ged from 200 to 400 ℃ with a.WHSV = 15.9 h-1wa. found tha. the ha.ogena.ed ca.a.ysts showed higher a.tivity a. a.l rea.tion ***,the ha.ogena.ed a.umina.ca.a.ysts prepa.ed under the effect of ultra.onic irra.ia.ion showed higher performa.ce of γ-a. 2 O 3 for DME *** chlorina.ed γ-a. 2 O 3 ca.a.ysts showed a.higher a.tivity a.d selectivity for DME production tha. fluorina.ed versions.

关键词：化学原理方法化学动力学

Production of dimethylether(DME) a. a.clea. fuel using sonochemica.ly prepa.ed CuO a.d /or ZnO- modified γ- a.umina.ca.a.ysts

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燃料化学学报 2014年第3期42卷 350-356页

作者： Sa.eh M.K.aboul-Fotouh a.n Sha.s University Faculty of EducationChemistry Department

The ca.a.ytic conversion of metha.ol to dimethylether(DME)wa. studied over CuO/a.2O3,ZnO/a.2O3a.d ZnOCuO/a.2O3na.oca.a.ysts prepa.ed in presence or a.sence of ultra.onic *** ca.a.ysts were cha.a.terized by X-ra. diffra.tion(XRD),surfa.e cha.a.teriza.ion method(BET),sca.ning electron microscope(SEM),H2-tempera.ure progra.med reduction(H2-TPR)a.d tempera.ure progra.med desorption of a.monia.NH3-TPD).The experimenta. results show tha. during ca.a.ytic dehydra.ion of metha.ol to dimethylether,the a.tivities of the CuO/a.2O3,ZnO/a.2O3a.d ZnO-CuO/a.2O3ca.a.ysts prepa.ed using ultra.onic trea.ment a.e much higher tha. those prepa.ed in a.sence of *** shows tha. the use of ultra.onica.ion results in much sma.ler *** a.d XRD show tha. the ultra.onica.ion increa.es the surfa.e a.ea.a.d pore volume of the ca.a.ysts.H2-TPR profiles indica.ed tha. reducibility of the sonica.ed na.oca.a.ysts is ca.ried out a. lower ***3-TPD shows tha. ultra.ound irra.ia.ion ha. enha.ced the a.idity of the na.oca.a.yst a.d hence enha.ced ca.a.ytic performa.ce for DME forma.ion.

关键词： DME 燃料化学氧化铜氧化锌

Dimethylether production on zeolite ca.a.ysts a.tiva.ed by Cl^-,F^- a.d / or ultra.onica.ion

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燃料化学学报 2016年第4期44卷 428-436页

作者： Sa.eh M.K.aboul-Fotouh Noha.a.K.aboul-Gheit Mona.a.Na.hma.h Chemistry Depa.tment Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Roxy Cairo 11757 Egypt Fa.ulty of Science Chemistry Department Northern Border University Arar 91431 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Egyptia. Petroleum Resea.ch Institute Cairo 11787 Egypt

The chlorina.ed a.d fluorina.ed zeolite ca.a.ysts were prepa.ed by the impregna.ion of zeolites( H-ZSM-5,H-MOR or H-Y) using two ha.ogen precursors( a.monium chloride a.d a.monium fluoride) in this study. The influence of ultra.onic irra.ia.ion wa. eva.ua.ed for optimizing both ha.ogen precursors for production of dimethylether( DME) via.metha.ol dehydra.ion in a.fixed bed rea.tor. The ca.a.ysts were cha.a.terized by SEM,XRD,BET a.d NH3-TPD. The rea.tion conditions were tempera.ures from 100 to 300 ℃ a.d a.WHSV = 15. 9 h-1. a.l ha.ogena.ed ca.a.ysts showhigher ca.a.ytic a.tivities a. a.l rea.tion tempera.ures studied. However, the ha.ogena.ed zeolite ca.a.ysts prepa.ed under ultra.onic irra.ia.ion showhigher performa.ce for DME forma.ion. The chlorina.ed zeolite ca.a.ysts show higher a.tivity a.d selectivity for DME production tha. the respective fluorina.ed versions.

关键词： ultra.onica.ion DME zeolite Cl^- F^-

Metha.ol conversion to DME a. a.blue fuel：The beneficia. use of ultra.onic irra.ia.ion for the prepa.a.ion of CuO/H-MOR na.oca.a.yst

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燃料化学学报 2014年第11期42卷 1340-1350页

作者： Sa.eh M.K. aboul-Fotouh a.n Sha.s University Faculty of Education Chemistry Department Roxy Cairo 11566 Egypt

Metha.ol conversion to DME wa. investiga.ed over CuO /H-MOR na.oca.a.yst prepa.ed by precipita.ion a.d /or by precipita.ion flowed by ultra.onic irra.ia.ion methods. BET,XRD,SEM,NH3-TPD a.d H2-TPR techniques were used to cha.a.terize na.oca.a.ysts. The effective ultra.onica.ion fa.tors encountered during ca.rying out the dehydra.ion of metha.ol on Cuo /H-MOR zeolite ca.a.ysts to produce dimethylether a.e studied in the present work. These fa.tors include: the type of ultra.onica.ion media.the ultra.onica.ion time,a.d the fixed weight of the solid ca.a.yst per the volume of the ultra.onica.ion liquid media. Wca.a.yst/ Vliquidra.io). XRD showed tha. structure of H-MOR is not da.a.ed even a.ter it is loa.ed with CuO na.opa.ticles or with ultra.onica.ion. H2-TPR profiles indica.ed tha. reducibility of sonica.ed CuO / H-MOR na.oca.a.yst is higher tha. non-sonica.ed ca.a.yst. It is found tha. employing ultra.ound energy for 60 min ha. the highest influence on the surfa.e properties of na.oca.a.yst a.d its ca.a.ytic performa.ce( a.tivity a.d sta.ility) of CuO / H-MOR ca.a.yst. Surfa.e morphology( SEM) of the sonica.ed CuO /H-MOR ca.a.ysts ha.e cla.ified tha. metha.ol by itself used a. a. ultra.onica.ion medium gives the best results concerning the homogeneity of pa.ticle sizes compa.ed to the non-sonica.ed ca.a.yst,where la.ge a.glomera.es a.d non-homogeneous clusters a.pea.ed. Wa.er used a. a.sonica.ion medium showed ma.y la.ge a.glomera.es in a.dition to some sma.ler pa.ticles resulted in lowca.a.ytic a.tivity. The different a.cohols a.d( Wca.a.yst/ Vliquid) ra.io were exa.ined to give precise correla.ion with the ca.a.ytic a.tivity of the sonica.ed CuO / H-MOR zeolite ca.a.yst. These findings certified tha. ultra.onica.ion ha. a.deep effect on the surfa.e morphology a.d hence on the ca.a.ytic beha.ior of the dehydra.ion of metha.ol to DME. NH3-TPD shows tha. ultra.ound irra.ia.ion ha. enha.ced the a.idity of CuO / H-MOR ca.a.yst a.d hence it's ca.a.ytic performa.ce for

关键词：燃料化学催化原理催化反应

Effect of the Si/a. ra.io of HZSM-5 zeolite on the production of dimethyl ether before a.d a.ter ultra.onica.ion

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燃料化学学报 2017年第5期45卷 581-588页

作者： Sa.eh M.K.aboul-Fotouh La.la.I.a.i Mona.a.Na.hma.h Noha.a.K.aboul-Gheit Chemistry Depa.tment Faculty of ScienceNorthern Boder UniversityArar 91431Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Chemistry Depa.tment Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairo 11757Egypt Egyptia. Petroleum Resea.ch Institute Nasr CityCairo 11787Egypt

a.series of a.-synthesized HZSM-5 zeolites with different Si/a. ra.ios(25,90,120,240 a.d 400)were post-trea.ed by ultra.onica.ion for a. optimum time of 60 *** morphology,a.idity a.d textura. properties of HZSM-5 were cha.a.terized with XRD,SEM,N_2 a.sorption a.d NH3-TPD *** ca.a.ytic performa.ce wa. eva.ua.ed by dehydra.ion of metha.ol to dimethyl ether(DME),which is a.promising ga.eous a.tomotive fuel in *** wa. found tha. the Si/a. ra.io of HZSM-5 ha. considera.le impa.ts on its ca.a.ytic performa.ce for dehydra.ion of metha.ol to *** a.tivity increa.ed with decrea.ing Si/a. ra.io from 400 to *** of HZSM-5 could significa.tly improve its ca.a.ytic performa.ce.

关键词： Ultra.onica.ion-HZSM-5-dimethyl ether-Si/a. 比率

Locomotion-ba.ed Hybrid Sa.p Swa.m a.gorithm for Pa.a.eter Estima.ion of Fuzzy Representa.ion-ba.ed Photovolta.c Modules

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Journa. of Modern Power Systems a.d Clea. Energy 2021年第2期9卷 384-394页

作者： Rizk M.Rizk-a.la. aboul Ella.Ha.sa.ien the Fa.ulty of Engineering Menoufia UniversityShebin El-KomEgypt Scientific Resea.ch Group in Egypt CarioEgypt the Fa.ulty of Computers a.d a.tificia. Intelligence Cairo UniversityCairoEgypt

Identifying the pa.a.eters of photovolta.c(PV)modules is significa.t for their design a.d *** of the insta.ilities in the wea.her a.tion a.d la.d surfa.e of the ea.th,which ca.se errors in mea.uring,a.novel fuzzy representa.ion-ba.ed PV module is formula.ed a.d *** this pa.er,a.novel locomotion-ba.ed hybrid sa.p swa.m a.gorithm(LHSSa.is presented to identify the pa.a.eters of PV modules a.cura.ely a.d *** the LHSSa.better lea.er sa.ps ba.ed on pa.ticle swa.m optimiza.ion(PSO)a.e incorpora.ed to the tra.itiona. sa.p swa.m a.gorithm(SSa.in a.seria.ized scheme with the a.m of providing more va.ua.le informa.ion for the lea.er sa.ps of the *** this integra.ion,the proposed LHSSa.ca. esca.e the loca. optima.a. well a. guide the seeking process to a.ta.n the promising *** proposed LHSSa.is investiga.ed on different PV models,i.e.,single-diode(SD),double-diode(DD),a.d PV module in crisp a.d fuzzy *** compa.ing with different a.gorithms,the comprehensive results a.firm tha. the LHSSa.ca. a.hieve a.highly competitive performa.ce,especia.ly on qua.ity a.d relia.ility.

关键词： Sa.p swa.m a.gorithm(SSa. pa.ticle swa.m optimiza.ion(PSO) photovolta.c(PV)model hybridiza.ion

Spectrophotometric methods for the determina.ion of gemifloxa.in in pha.ma.eutica. formula.ions

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a.ta.Pha.ma.eutica.Sinica.B 2011年第4期1卷 248-253页

作者： Sa.a.a.M.Ebra.eem a.da.la.a.Elba.hir Ha.sa. Y.aboul-enein Depa.tment of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of KhartoumKhartoum 11115Sudan Depa.tment of Pha.ma.eutica. a.d Medicina. Chemistry National Research CentreCairo 12311Egypt

This pa.er describes two simple spectrophotometric methods for the determina.ion of the a.tibiotic gemifloxa.in mesyla.e(GFX)in pha.ma.eutica. *** first(a.is a. indirect method in which oxida.ion of the drug with a.known excess of cerium(IV)sulpha.e is followed by determina.ion of the residua. oxida.t by a.ding excess methyl ora.ge a.d mea.uring residua. dye a. 507 *** second(B)is a.deriva.isa.ion method involving rea.tion of GFX with 1,2-na.hthoquinone-4-sulphona.e(NQS)in a.ka.ine medium(pH 11)to form a. ora.ge-coloured product exhibiting ma.imum a.sorption(lma.)a. 411 *** methods were linea. in the concentra.ion ra.ges 2–9 a.d 5–30 mg/mL for methods a.a.d B,respectively,with intra.da. precision(a. RSD)o1.5%for *** a.plied to the determina.ion of GFX in pha.ma.eutica. ta.lets,the results were in good a.reement with those obta.ned by ca.illa.y *** two methods a.e useful for routine a.a.ysis of GFX in qua.ity control la.ora.ories.

关键词： Gemifloxa.in mesyla.e Spectrophotometry 1,2-Na.hthoquinone-4-sulphona.e Pha.ma.eutica. formula.ions