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High Voltage 2022年第4期7卷 652-665页

作者： Simone Vincenzo Suraci Sandrine Amat Lea Hippolyte astrid malechaux Davide Fabiani Claire Le Gall Océane Juan Nathalie Dupuy LIMES Department of ElectricalElectronic and Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly Aix Marseille University Avignon UniversitéCNRSMarseilleFrance Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire MarseilleFrance

The evolution of properties of crosslinked polyethylene(XLPE)-based insulating mate-rials under radio-chemical ageing conditions is presented and *** total,seven different polymer compounds were tested,characterised by an increasing quantity of additives,for example,antioxidants(AOs)and fillers as flame *** were analysed using different testing techniques,that is,Fourier Transform Infra-Red and dielectric *** allowed a broad characterisation of the polymer,bringing to good correlations between the arising of new chemical groups caused by ageing and the modifications on the complex ***-based AOs are found to be the most efficient in terms of protection against *** the contrary,flame retardants are concluded not to have any impact on the material *** data were then treated using the principal component *** data treatment successfully distinguished the material composition(with and without additives)and the ageing *** results confirm the relevance of this analysis in understanding the impact of irradiation on the chemical and functional properties of the polymer materials studied.

关键词： component principal bringing

Are Disasters a Risk to Regional Fiscal Balance?Evidence from Indonesia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 839-853页

作者： astrid Wiyanti Alin Halimatussadiah Economic Planning and Development Policy University of IndonesiaJakarta 10440Indonesia Center for Climate Finance and Multilateral Policy Fiscal Policy AgencyMinistry of Finance of IndonesiaJakarta 10710Indonesia Department of Economics University of Indonesia.Depok 16424.Indonesia

Indonesia is an archipelago country and is fairly vulnerable to disasters. While disasters generally affect government revenue and expenditure, their effects likely vary by country. This study examines the effect of disasters on the fiscal balance, revenue, and expenditure of local governments. We used panel data and fixed effects methods to estimate the degree to which disaster severity influences budgetary solvency at the district and provincial levels in Indonesia between 2010 and 2018. This study revealed that disasters can strain fiscal balance at the district and provincial levels due to a decrease in own-source revenue and an increase in social assistance expenditure, capital expenditure, consumption expenditure, and unexpected expenditure. The district expenditure most threatened by disasters is consumption expenditure, while the provincial expenditure most threatened is unexpected expenditure. We also found that an increase in capital expenditure can lead to financial burden due to delays of planned projects or post-disaster reconstruction. Based on these findings, it is clear that some forms of insurance or other financing schemes are necessary to mitigate the adverse impacts of disasters on regional fiscal balance.

关键词： Budgetary solvency Disaster impacts Disaster insurance Fiscal balance Indonesia Local government budgets

VARIABILITY OF BUILDING SIMULATION RESULTS DEP ENDING ON SELECTED WEATHER FILES AND CONDITIONING SET POINTS-A CASE STUDY FOR A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN VICTORIA,AUSTRALIA

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Journal of Green Building 2016年第4期11卷 91-108页

作者： astrid Roetzel School of Architecture and Built Environment Deakin UniversityGeelong Waterfront Campus

Building simulation is a powerful way to evaluate the performance of a *** quality of simulation results however strongly depends on the accuracy of simulation input *** for weather data files and occupant behaviour it is difficult to obtain accurate *** paper evaluates the variability of building simulation results with regards to different weather data sets as well as different heating and cooling set points for a residential building in Victoria,*** comfort accord-ing to ASHRAE Standard 55,final energy consumption and peak cooling and heating loads are *** have been performed with Energy-Plus,and weather data for a multi-year approach have been generated with the software *** results show that different weather files for the same location as well as different conditioning set points can influence the results by approximately a factor of 2.

关键词： weather data occupant behaviour heating and cooling set points residential building building simulation energy performance peak loads adaptive thermal comfort

3D mixed finite elements for curved,flat piezoelectric structures

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2019年第4期10卷 249-267页

作者： Martin Meindlhumer astrid Pechstein Institute of Technical Mechanics Johannes Kepler University LinzLinzAustria

The Tangential-Displacement Normal-Normal-Stress(TDNNS)method is a finite element method that was originally introduced for elastic solids and later extended to piezoelectric *** uses tangential components of the displacement and normal components of the normal stress vector as degrees of freedom for *** the electric field,the electric potential is *** TDNNS method has been shown to provide elements which do not suffer from shear *** thin structures(*** patch actuators)can be modeled *** and prismatic elements of arbitrary polynomial order are provided in the current *** show that these elements can be used to discretize curved,shelllike geometries by curved elements of high aspect *** order of geometry approximation can be chosen independently from the polynomial order of the shape *** present two examples of curved geometries,a circular patch actuator and a radially polarized piezoelectric *** results of the TDNNS method are compared to results gained in *** obtain good results for displacements and electric potential as well as for stresses,strains and electric field when using only one element in thickness direction.

关键词： Piezoelasticity mixed finite elements curved elements locking free

Learning the optimal power flow:Environment design matters

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 432-443页

作者： Thomas Wolgast astrid Nieße Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Department of Computing ScienceDigitalized Energy SystemsAmmerländer Heerstraße 114-118Oldenburg26129Germany

To solve the optimal power flow(OPF)problem,reinforcement learning(RL)emerges as a promising new ***,the RL-OPF literature is strongly divided regarding the exact formulation of the OPF problem as an RL *** this work,we collect and implement diverse environment design decisions from the literature regarding training data,observation space,episode definition,and reward function *** an experimental analysis,we show the significant impact of these environment design options on RL-OPF training ***,we derive some first recommendations regarding the choice of these design *** created environment framework is fully open-source and can serve as a benchmark for future research in the RL-OPF field.

关键词： Reinforcement learning Optimal power flow Environment design Economic Dispatch Voltage control Reactive power market

Electromembrane extraction–Recent trends and where to go

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第3期7卷 141-147页

作者： Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard Chuixiu Huang astrid Gjelstad School of Pharmacy University of Oslo Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Copenhagen

Electromembrane extraction(EME) is an analytical microextraction technique, where charged analytes(such as drug substances) are extracted from an aqueous sample(such as a biological fluid), through a supported liquid membrane(SLM) comprising a water immiscible organic solvent, and into an aqueous acceptor solution. The driving force for the extraction is an electrical potential(dc) applied across the SLM. In this paper, EME is reviewed. First, the principle for EME is explained with focus on extraction of cationic and anionic analytes, and typical performance data are presented. Second, papers published in 2016 are reviewed and discussed with focus on(a) new SLMs,(b) new support materials for the SLM,(c) new sample additives improving extraction,(d) new technical configurations,(e) improved theoretical understanding, and(f) pharmaceutical new applications. Finally, important future research objectives and directions are defined for further development of EME, with the aim of establishing EME in the toolbox of future analytical laboratories.

关键词： Sample preparation Microextraction Electromembrane extraction

THE IMPACT OF OCCUPANT BEHAVIOUR ON RESIDENTIAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第4期10卷 127-140页

作者： Joshua Hetherington astrid Roetzel Robert Fuller School of Architecture and Built Environment Deakin UniversityWaterfront CampusGeelongVictoria 3220Australia

In 2011-12,greenhouse gas emissions from the Australian residential sector were 101.6 Mt and are expected to grow by 38%by *** order to reduce these emissions,much emphasis has been placed on increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and *** behaviour,however,is probably the single most significant factor which determines energy use and *** paper describes research undertaken to rank the most common occupant behaviours,based upon their impact on greenhouse gas emissions associated with residential energy use,in an architect-designed house in *** occupant behaviours investigated were changing:the heating and cooling temperature set points,window openings,external blind use and lighting *** were carried out using Primero and EnergyPlus *** on the simulation results of greenhouse gas emissions,the following ranking of overall influence(from most influential to the least)has been determined:external blind use was one of the most effective measures to reduce *** set point temperature was similarly important with the magnitude of impact depending on the set point e.g.a 2℃ increase had an impact comparable to the use of external *** impact of the heating set point temperature was also dependent on the set point and overall slightly lower compared to the cooling set point *** use was the least influential parameter in the context of this study.

关键词： ranking occupant behavior impact greenhouse gas emissions simulations

Comparison of the timing of spring phenological events between phenological garden trees and wild populations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第2期17卷 49-61页

作者： Calum J.Sweeney Fidelma Butler astrid Wingler School of Biological Earth&Environmental Sciences and Environmental Research InstituteUniversity College CorkDistillery FieldsNorth MallCork T23 TK30Ireland

Phenological research is engaged in monitoring the infuence of climate change on the natural *** International Phenological Gardens(IPG)network provides a valuable dataset of standardized tree phenology records dating back to the mid-20th *** make best use of this actively growing record,it is important to investigate how network data can be applied to predict the timing of phenological events in natural *** study compared clonally propagated IPG downy birch(Betula pubescens Ehrh.)and hazel(Corylus avellana L.)specimens of central European provenance to nearby wild populations at the western-most margin of the IPG network,in the south-west of *** addition to monitoring by trained scientists,observations by citizen scientists were *** order of the timing of phenological events among sites was consistent across 2 years,confrming reproducibility of the *** trees had the earliest *** leaf unfolding and *** fowering dates of the sites *** addition,leaf unfolding occurred later in the wild populations than expected from the temperature responses of the *** and *** IPG *** variation in phenology also exceeded the historical change observed at the IPG site,suggesting a potential genetic basis for climate *** circumference,refecting the age-dependent increase in tree size,was found to infuence *** phenology,with earlier timing of phenological events in larger *** fnding highlights tree size as an important consideration in the management of phenological gardens and tree phenology research in general.

关键词： citizen science downy birch(Betula pubescens) hazel(Corylus avellana) phenological garden spring phenology tree size

Sperm traits differ between winged and wingless males of the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第6期11卷 427-432页

作者： Alexandra SCHREMPF astrid MOSER Jacques DELABIE Jürgen HEINZE Zoology/Evolutionary Biology University of RegensburgRegensburgGermany Myrmecological Laboratory Cocoa Research Center CEPLACItabunaBrazil

Size and shape of sperm cells vary tremendously throughout the animal *** adaptive significance of this variation is not fully *** addition to sperm-female interactions and the environmental conditions,the risk of sperm competition might affect number,morphology and other“quality”traits of *** the male-diphenic ant Cardiocondyla obscurior,winged sneaker males have limited sperm number,because their testes degenerate shortly after adult emergence,as is typical for males of social *** contrast,wingless fighter males continuously replenish their sperm supply due to their exceptional lifelong spermatogene*** winged males usually have to compete with several other winged males for virgin queens,wingless males are able to monopolize queens by killing all other ***,this presents a unique system to investigate how alternative reproductive tactics and associated physiology affect sperm morphology and *** found that sperm-limited males invest into sperm number instead of sperm *** in sperm length is smaller in winged males,probably reflecting that they have to compete with several other ***,sperm viability is equally high in both male phenotypes.

关键词： alternative reproductive tactic social insect sperm length sperm viability

Interactions Between Temperature and Sugars in the Regulation of Leaf Senescence in the Perennial Herb Arabis alpina L.

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第8期54卷 595-605页

作者： astrid Wingler Emma Josefine Stangberg Triambak Saxena Rupal Mistry Research Department of Genetics Evolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonGower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Annual plants usually flower and set seed once before senescence results in the death of the whole plant （monocarpic senescence）. Leaf senescence also occurs in polycarpic perennials; even in ＂evergreen＂ species individual leaves senesce. In the annual model Arabidopsis thaliana sugars accumulate in the senescent leaves and senescence is accelerated by high sugar availability. Similar to A. thaliana, sugar contents increased with leaf age in the perennial Arabis alpina grown under warm conditions （22℃ day/18 night）. At 5℃, sugar contents in non-senescent leaves were higher than at a warm temperature, but dependent on the accession, either sugars did not accumulate or their contents decreased in old leaves. In A. alpina plants grown in their natural habitat in the Alps, sugar contents declined with leaf age. Growth at a cold temperature slightly delayed senescence in A. alpina. In both warm and cold conditions, an external glucose supply accelerated senescence, but natural variation was found in this response. In conclusion, sugar accumulation under warm conditions could accelerate leaf senescence in A. alpina plants, but genotype-specific responses and interactions with growth temperature are likely to influence senescence under natural conditions.

关键词： Perennial polycarpic senescence sugar signaling.