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Effects of a structurally related substance on the crystallization of paracetamol

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 79-87页

作者： Ali SALEEMi i.i. ONYEMELUKWE Zoltan NAGY Department of Chemical Engineering Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Ind. 47907 USA

Paracetamol （PCM） was crystallized from an isopropanol （iPA） solution containing various small amounts of metacetamol as an additive. The effect on the nucleation kinetics was studied by measuring the induction time to nucleation and the metastable zone width using focused beam reflectance measurements （FBRM） and attenuated total reflectance （ATR-UV/Vis） spectroscopy. Both the induction time and the metastable zone width were expressed as functions of the additive concentration. Small amounts ofmetacetamol （1-4 tool-%） were found to cause significant inhibition to the nucleation by extending both the induction time and the metastable zone width. A progressive change in the morphology of the paracetamol crystals from tabular to columnar habit was observed with increasing metacetamol concentration. The solvent also had a significant effect on the size of the paracetamol crystals as smaller crystals were obtained in iPA than in aqueous solution. The dissolution rate of paracetamol was improved by the incorporation of metacetamol with 4 tool-% having the most effect. A supersaturation control （SSC） approach was implemented for the PCM-iPA system with and without metacetamol in an attempt to control and obtain larger metacetamol-doped paraeetamol crystals.

关键词： acetaminophen metacetamol crystallization metastable zone width induction time supersaturation control

Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome： experimental and clinical investigations

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第1期8卷 44-54页

作者： Hsing i Chen institute of Physiological and Anatomical Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien 97004 Taiwan China

Acute lung injury （ALl） or acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） can be associated with various disorders. Recent investigation has involved clinical studies in collaboration with clinical investigators and pathologists on the pathogenetic mechanisms of ALl or ARDS caused by various disorders. This literature review includes a brief historical retrospective of ALi/ARDS, the neurogenic pulmonary edema due to head injury, the long-term experimental studies and clinical investigations from our laboratory, the detrimental role of NO, the risk factors, and the possible pathogenetic mechanisms as well as therapeutic regimen for ALi/ARDS.

关键词： acute lung injury acute respiratory distress syndrome neurogenic pulmonary edema nitric oxide free radicals cytokines

The genetics of race differentiation——should it be studied?

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National Science Review 2023年第4期10卷 6-7页

作者： Chung-i Wu NSR School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University

in this issue, NSR publishes an article entitled ‘Expression profiles of east-west highly differentiated genes in Uyghur genomes’ by Ning et al.(2023) [1]. Briefly, it is about the regulation of gene expression in Uyghur genomes, which are admixed between Asian and European genomes. in evolutionary terms, this is a case of post-isolation secondary contact over a time span of thousands of years. in most other cases, such as African Americans, the admixture has a time span of <300 years. Furthermore,

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XML-Based information Fusion Architecture Based on Cloud Computing Ecosystem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第9期61卷 929-950页

作者： i-Ching Hsu Department of Computer Science and information Engineering National Formosa UniversityHuwei TownshipYunlin County 632Taiwan

Considering cloud computing from an organizational and end user computing point of view,it is a new paradigm for deploying,managing and offering services through a shared *** development of cloud computing applications,however,are the lack of a uniformly approach to cope with the heterogeneous information *** leads cloud computing to inefficient development and a low potential *** study addresses these issues to propose a novel Web 2.0 Mashups as a Service,called WMaaS,which is a fundamental cloud service *** WMaaS is developed based on a XML-based Mashups Architecture(XMA)that is composed of Web 2.0 Mashups technologies,including Web Data,Web APi,Web interaction,and Web Presentation to associate with existing service *** demonstrate the feasibility of this approach,this study implemented a Ubiquitous Location-based Service System(ULSS)that is a cloud computing application developed based on WMaaS to provide continuous and location-based schedule information for organization monitoring and end user needs.

关键词： Web 2.0 mashups open data XML cloud computing

Genetic background of phenotypic variation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials international 2007年第10期17卷 1119-1126页

作者： Zsolt Boldogki Department of Biology Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged Somogyi Bela st. 4 H-6720 Szeged Hungary

A noteworthy feature of the living world is its bewildering variability. A key issue in several biological disciplines is the achievement of an understanding of the hereditary basis of this variability. Two opposing, but not necessarily irreconcilable conceptions attempt to explain the underlying mechanism. The gene function paradigm postulates that phenotypic variance is generated by the polymorphism in the coding sequences of genes. However, comparisons of a great number of homologous gene and protein sequences have revealed that they predominantly remained functionally conserved even across distantly related phylogenic taxa. Alternatively, the gene regulation paradigm assumes that differences in the cis-regulatory region of genes do account for phenotype variation within species. An extension of this latter concept is that phenotypic variability is generated by the polymorphism in the overall gene expression profiles of gene networks. in other words, the activity of a particular gene is a system property determined both by the cis-regulatory sequences of the given genes and by the other genes of a gene network, whose expressions vary among individuals, too. Novel proponents of gene function paradigm claim that functional genetic variance within the coding sequences of regulatory genes is critical for the generation of morphological polymorphism. Note, however, that these developmental genes play direct regulatory roles in the control of gene expression.

关键词： evolution gene network gene regulation genetic variance phenotype variation.

A Decomposition Theorem for G-Groups

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第3期26卷 405-418页

作者： i.LiZASOAiN Departamento de Matemticas Universidad Publica de Navarra Campus de Arrosada

Some classical results about linear representations of a finite group G have been also proved for representations of G on non-abelian groups （G-groups）. in this paper we establish a decomposition theorem for irreducible G-groups which expresses a suitable irreducible G-group as a tensor product of two projective G-groups in a similar way to the celebrated theorem of Clifford for linear representations. Moreover, we study the non-abelian minimal normal subgroups of G in which this decomposition is possible.

关键词： representations of groups permutation groups semisimple groups primitive groups

Job shop scheduling problem with alternative machines using genetic algorithms

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第5期19卷 1322-1333页

作者： i.A.Chaudhry National University of Sciences and Technology IslamabadPakistan

The classical job shop scheduling problem(JSP) is the most popular machine scheduling model in practice and is known as *** formulation of the JSP is based on the assumption that for each part type or job there is only one process plan that prescribes the sequence of operations and the machine on which each operation has to be ***,JSP with alternative machines for various operations is an extension of the classical JSP,which allows an operation to be processed by any machine from a given set of *** this problem requires an additional decision of machine allocation during scheduling,it is much more complex than *** present a domain independent genetic algorithm(GA) approach for the job shop scheduling problem with alternative *** GA is implemented in a spreadsheet *** performance of the proposed GA is analyzed by comparing with various problem instances taken from the *** result shows that the proposed GA is competitive with the existing approaches.A simplified approach that would be beneficial to both practitioners and researchers is presented for solving scheduling problems with alternative machines.

关键词： alternative machine genetic algorithm (GA) job shop, scheduling spreadsheet

Hepatoprotective effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine against alcohol-and cytochrome P450 2E1-induced liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1366-1376页

作者： Arthur i Cederbaum Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics Box 1603 Mount Sinai School of Medicine One Gustave Levy Place

S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) acts as a methyl donor for methylation reactions and participates in the synthesis of glutathione. SAM is also a key metabolite that regulates hepatocyte growth, differentiation and death. Hepatic SAM levels are decreased in animal models of alcohol liver injury and in patients with alcohol liver disease or viral cirrhosis. This review describes the protection by SAM against alcohol and cytochrome P450 2E1-dependent cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo and evaluates mechanisms for this protection.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 2E1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine Ethanol Toxic hepatitis Oxidative stress

Characterization of Arithmetic Functions that Preserve the Sum-of-squares Operation

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第4期30卷 689-695页

作者： Bojan BAi Department of Mathematics and informatics University of Novi Sad

We characterize all functions f ： N → C such that f（m^2 ＋ n^2） = f（m）^2 ＋ f（n）^2 for all m, n ∈ N. it turns out that all such functions can be grouped into three families, namely f ≡ 0, f（n） = ±n （subject to some restrictions on when the choice of the sign is possible） and f（n） =±l/2（again subject to some restrictions on when the choice of the sign is possible）.

关键词： Arithmetic function functional equation sum of squares