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Performance and Trends in Measles Case-Based Surveillance in the North West Region of Cameroon, 2009 to 2015

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第6期10卷 37-55页

作者： Wasu Chrispus Nchandone Ginette Claude Mireille Kalla Njamnshi Alfred Kongnyu Same Ekobo Albert assob Nguedia Jules clement Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Regional Technical Group for the Expanded Programme on Immunization RTG-EPI Regional Delegation of Public Health for the North West Region of Cameroon Bamenda Cameroon Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Neurology Central Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease associated with high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. As an infection with no specific treatment, its control is most importantly through vaccination and adequate disease surveillance. National immunization coverage for the first dose of measles/rubella vaccine in 2019 was 71%. As a result, measles continues to rage with outbreaks not sparing the North West Region (NWR) of Cameroon, hence the need for proper surveillance. Objective: Assess performance of measles case-based surveillance in the NWR of Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with retrospective collection of measles surveillance records carried out at the Regional Delegation of Public Health from 2009 to 2015. The data collected using a structured form were: number of persons suspected of measles;number of persons reported to district service;number of persons whose samples were collected and forwarded to the laboratory;number whose results reached the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) Central unit and the time lapse between successive phases. Results: Although not all planned activities were carried out, a constant increase in planned and carried out monitoring activities was found. The average time taken from onset of signs and symptoms in a measles case to consultation at a health facility, from consultation to notification of case to district service, from notification to investigation, from investigation to receipt of biological sample at laboratory, from receipt of sample to provision of results to the EPI Central unit, and from collection of sample to reception of results at the Central EPI unit was 2.59 days, 1.5 days, 1.5 days, 2.6 days, 4 days and 6.6 days respectively. Conclusion: There was an overall rising trend in the performance of measles case-based surveillance, although the high priority site visits witnessed a stagnation during the period, a large scale measles epidemic occurred (2

关键词： Measles Case-Based Surveillance Performance Trends

Comparative evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test,an antibody ELISA,and a pLDH ELISA in detecting asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia in blood donors in Buea,Cameroon

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 931-939页

作者： Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti Longdoh Anna Njunda Beltine Tsamul Shey Dickson Nsagha Nguedia Jules-clement assob Kukwah Anthony Tufon Dilonga Henry Meriki Enow George Orock Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BueaP.B.63BueaSouthwest RegionCameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BueaP.B.63BueaSouthwest RegionCameroon Blood Bank Regional Hospital BueaP.B.32BueaSouthwest RegionCameroon Programme in Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BueaBueaSouthwest RegionCameroon

Background:In malaria endemic areas,infected blood donors serve as a source of infection to blood recipients,which may adversely affect their *** necessitates the proper screening of blood to be used for transfusion in these *** purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in blood donors in Buea,Cameroon,and to evaluate the performance of a rapid diagnostic test(RDT),a malaria antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and a Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase(pLDH)ELISA in the detection of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia in the target ***:In a prospective study conducted between September 2015 and June 2016,1240 potential blood donors were *** donors were screened for malaria parasites using Giemsa microscopy(GM)and a RDT.A sub-sample of 184 samples,comprising 88 positive and 96 negative samples,were selected for the evaluation of the pLDH ELISA and the antibody *** chi-square test and correlation analysis were performed as part of the statistical *** statistical significance cut-off was set at P<***:The prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in this study was found to be 8.1%(95%CI:6.6-9.7).The prevalence was not observed to be dependent on the age or sex of the *** RDT had a sensitivity(88.0%),specificity(99.1%),and negative predictive value(99.0%)higher than the *** performance of the pLDH ELISA,which demonstrated the highest positive predictive value(91.6%),was generally comparable to the *** sensitivity was lowest with the antibody ELISA(69.9%),which also demonstrated the highest false positive and false negative *** detection threshold for the pLDH(three parasites/μl)was lower compared to the RDT(50-60 parasites/μl).Non-significant positive correlations were observed between the parasite density and the pLDH titers and malaria antibody ***:Overall,the RDT and the pLDH ELISA demonstrated a perfectly correlated agreem

关键词： Blood transfusion Malaria RDT pLDH ELISA Malaria antibody ELISA Comparative evaluation Sensitivity Specificity Buea Cameroon

Quality of Life Following Major Limb Amputations in a Rural Community in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第3期12卷 97-112页

作者： Nana Theophile Chunteng Ngo-Yamben Marie-Ange Bombah F. Mertens Wamba Y. Jeazet Andrew Eyoh Edjua Ekani Boukar Mahamat Muluem Kennedy Manga Alex assob clement Department of Surgery Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Journalism and Mass Communication Faculty of Social and Management Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Limb amputation is considered the last resort when the limb is no longer salvageable or when the limb is dead or dying, viable but nonfunctional or endangering the patient’s life. It is associated with profound economic, social, and psychological effects on the patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life of major limb amputees in a rural setting in western Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study carried out at the BATSENGLA-DSCHANG community in the West Region of Cameroon. Participants were interviewed and data collected using a pre-defined accredited questionnaire of the WHOQOL-BREF to assess the quality of life. Results: There were 63 participants, and a majority (60.32%) reported trauma as the cause of amputation. Participants with prostheses had a better quality of life. Conclusion: The age range of the study participants was 18 to 85 years with a mean of 46.73 ± 18.31 years. The majority were males (74.6%). Most of them (41.27%) had attained at least a secondary level of education, a majority (80.95%) were unemployed and more than half (55.56%) have less than the guaranteed inter-professional minimum wage. Major limb amputations were mostly due to traumatic causes (72%) and involved the lower limbs. Only a few (12.70%) used prostheses. Almost all of them (90.48%) had symptoms consistent with a phantom limb. The quality of life after major limb amputation in this study was generally fair according to the WHO quality of life tool.

关键词： Amputation Limbs Phantom Limb Prosthesis Quality of Life

A Retrospective Study of the Prevalence of Female Infertility in the Southwest Region, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第12期10卷 1728-1740页

作者： Akah Roland Tiagha Moses Ngemenya Jude Eteneneng Enoh Jules clement assob Nguedia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Medical Research Centre Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (FMSP) University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Infertility is a major reproductive health care problem that affects the wellbeing of women. Although views vary between cultures, infertility is seen almost exclusively as a woman’s problem in Africa with secondary infertility being the most prevalent while sexually transmitted infections the most investigated cause of infertility. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of female infertility in the Limbe and Buea Regional hospitals of the Southwest region of Cameroon from 2015-2019. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive design was used which involved studying clinical files of women within the reproductive age group (15 - 49) with infertility problems, at the gynaecological and maternity units of the selected hospitals in the Southwest region of Cameroon over a period of five years (2015-2019). Data were collected from all files included in the study. Results: A total of 4609 females visited the two hospitals for investigation and 1111 files were identified with infertility giving prevalence of 24 %. Three hundred and f

关键词： Female Infertility Laboratory Investigations SW Region Cameroon

Control of malaria and other vector-borne protozoan diseases in the tropics: enduring challenges despite considerable progress and achievements

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 1-14页

作者： Denis Zofou Raymond B Nyasa Dickson S Nsagha Fidele Ntie-Kang Henry D Meriki Jules clement N assob Victor Kuete Biotechnology Unit Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaSouth West RegionCameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BueaBueaCameroon CEPAMOQ Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 8580DoualaCameroon Chemical and Bioactivity Information Centre Department of ChemistryUniversity of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BueaBueaCameroon Department of Biochemistry University of DschangP.O.Box 67DschangCameroon

Vector-borne protozoan diseases represent a serious public health challenge,especially in the tropics where poverty together with vector-favorable climates are the aggravating *** of the various strategies currently employed to face these scourges is seriously *** enormous efforts,vaccines-which represent the ideal weapon against these parasitic diseases—are yet to be sufficiently developed and *** and vector control are therefore the sole effective attempts to minimize the disease ***,both strategies are also highly challenged by the phenomenon of drug and insecticide resistance,which affects virtually all interventions currently *** recently growing support from international organizations and governments of some endemic countries is warmly welcome,and should be optimally exploited in the various approaches to drug and insecticide research and development to overcome the burden of these prevalent diseases,especially malaria,leishmaniasis,Human African Trypanosomiasis(HAT),and Chagas disease.

关键词： Malaria Vector-borne protozoan diseases African trypanosomiasis Chagas disease Leishmaniasis Vector control Chemotherapy Vaccine development

Coinfection with malaria and intestinal parasites, and its association with anaemia in children in Cameroon

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 382-388页

作者： Anna Longdoh Njunda Shuri Ghasarah Fon Jules clement Nguedia assob Dickson Shey Nsagha Tayong Dizzle Bita Kwenti Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of BueaP.B.63BueaCameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene University of BueaP.B.63BueaCameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaP.B.63BueaCameroon

Background:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of coinfection with malaria and intestinal parasites,as well as to determine its association with anaemia in children aged 10 years and below in Muyuka,*** and methods:This was a cross-sectional *** were febrile children who were admitted to the Muyuka district hospital between April and October *** and stool samples were collected from those participants who gave consent to take part in the *** concentration(Hb)and complete blood count(CBC)were performed using an automated haematology analyser(Mindray®,BC-2800).Giemsa-stained blood film was examined to detect malaria parasites,while the formol-ether concentration technique was used to detect intestinal parasitic infections(IPIs).The Pearson’s chi-square,Student’s T-test and correlation analysis were all performed as part of the statistical ***:Four hundred and eleven(411)children successfully took part in this *** prevalence of malaria,IPIs,malaria and IPI coinfection,and anaemia observed were 98.5%,11.9%,11.9%and 44.8%,*** and IPIs were significantly associated with age;anaemia was more prevalent in children under five years of age(p=0.000),whereas IPIs were more prevalent in children aged between five and 10 years(p=0.006).The parasite species isolated included Ascaris lumbricoides(36[73.5%]),Entamoeba histolytica/dispar(9[18.4%])and hookworm(4[8.2%]).The mean Hb observed was 10.64 g/dl(±1.82).A significant negative correlation was observed between malaria parasite density and *** was no significant difference in the prevalence of anaemia among children infected with malaria,IPIs,or malaria and IPI coinfection,or among non-infected ***,the mean Hb did not differ among infected and non-infected ***:This study showed that malaria and IPIs still constitute a major public health problem in the study area despite a lack of any si

关键词： Malaria Intestinal parasites Intestinal parasitic infections Coinfection Anaemia Children Prevalence Cameroon

Factors Associated with Haemolytic Anaemia in the Internal Medicine Department of the Douala General Hospital in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 83-91页

作者： Eveline Ngouadjeu Dongho Brice Utrich Afana Clémence Olemba Jean Pierre Nda Mefo’o Cécile Ebongue Okalla Abdou Temfomo Jules clement Nguedia assob Henry Namme Luma Department of Internal Medicine Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Microbiology Virology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Haemolytic anaemia (HA) is defined as a decrease in haemoglobin (Hb) levels below baseline due to excessive and premature destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) in the periphery resulting in a shortened life span of less than 120 days. Haemolysis can be corpuscular or extra-corpuscular. The aim of our study was to investigate the factors associated with it for optimal management of patients hospitalised in internal medicine at the Douala General Hospital (DGH). Methodology: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study, including all patients admitted to the internal medicine department of the DGH from 11 February to 20 May 2022, and excluding patients with non-compliant samples. The search for haemolytic anaemia was carried out by means of blood count, reticulocyte count, blood smear, unconjugated bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase and direct Coombs test. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological parameters were collected and analysed. Correlation was defined for a p value 0.05. Results: This study included 147 patients, 50.34% of whom were men, for a sex ratio of 1.01. The mean age was 52 ± 17.9 years. The most represented age group was 56 - 70 years (n = 49;33%) with extremes from 15 to 90 years. We counted 29.3% cases of haemolytic anaemia (HA) and 13.9% cases of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). Haemolytic anaemia (HA) was present in 54.14% of men for a sex ratio of 1.38;the most represented age group was 40 - 55 years, 37.2%. HA was associated with jaundice (OR: 3.74, CI: [1.70 - 8.22], p = 0.001), HIV - AIDS (OR: 2.72, CI: [0.98 - 7.53], p = 0.05), thrombocytopaenia (OR: 3.53, CI: [1.58 - 7.89], p = 0.02). LDH was elevated (OR: 2.86, CI: [1.30 - 6.26], p = 0.00) as well as elevated reticulocyte count (OR: 3.84, CI: [1.75 - 8.44], p = 0.01). Unconjugated bilirubin was elevated in all these patients. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with HA were a history of HIV/AIDS, jaundice, thrombocytopaenia and elevated reticulocyte count. Con

关键词： Haemolytic Anaemia Internal Medicine DGH

A Public Health Model and Framework to Mitigate the Impact of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Due to HIV/AIDS in Cameroon

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World Journal of AIDS 2014年第1期4卷 27-37页

作者： Dickson Shey Nsagha Ngowe Ngowe Marcelin Jules clement Nguedia assob Anna Longdoh Njundah Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

UNICEF, UNAIDS and USAID developed a global strategic framework to guide responses to care and protect orphans and other vulnerable children in the context of HIV/AIDS. In the developing world, about 132 million people have lost one or both parents due to the AIDS pandemic and 25 million children have been orphaned by HIV/AIDS in 2010. The HIV prevalence in Cameroon is estimated at 5.1%. As of 2010, there were 304,000 deaths due to AIDS in Cameroon. Out of 1,200,000 orphans and vulnerable children in Cameroon in 2010, 300,000 were AIDS orphans. The HIV/AIDS burden impacts child survival, growth and development in the traditional African setting. With so many orphans in the population, along with many vulnerable children, strategies must be developed to respond more effectively to their critical needs. This study provides a model for OVC care and support in Cameroon. The model was developed out of extensive work using a participatory approach involving traditional, administrative and health stakeholders on OVC in Yaounde I and Yaounde VI Councils, Nanga Eboko Health District, Isangelle, Ekondo Titi, and Bafaka-Balue communities in Cameroon. Consultancy services with PLAN Cameroon, the Pan African Institute for Development-West Africa coupled with facilitation of many training workshops on OVC with Save the orphans Foundation, the Ministry of Social Affairs, and the Ministry of Public Health and working with the National AIDS Control Committee. The essential components of a holistic framework for the care of OVC have been identified. A public health model for the care of OVC and a mechanism for their identification and a referral system for testing OVC for HIV are proposed. Through this model, a mechanism for the effective holistic care of OVC and collaboration is enhanced.

关键词： Orphans Vulnerable Children HIV AIDS Public Health Model Cameroon

Socio-Demographic Profiles of Naive HIV Pregnant Women and Retention to the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Interventions in the East Region of Cameroon

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World Journal of AIDS 2020年第1期10卷 36-45页

作者： Ottop F. Manyi assob N. Jules clement Mbu R. Enow Ngowe N. Marcelin Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Family Health Ministry of Public Health Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: At enrolment into antenatal care, socio-demographic data of HIV infected pregnant women and lactating mothers are usually collected with little or no analysis done on them. This study was aimed to describe the socio-demographic profiles of naive to antiretroviral therapy (ART) HIV-infected pregnant women in the East region of Cameroon and to link this to retention in order to optimize the implementation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions. Methods: A descriptive prospective study that lasted from February 2018 until February 2019 in three catchment health facilities in the East region for the recruitment and follow-up of participants who were consented HIV-infected pregnant women naive to ART. Socio-demographic, treatment compliance and adherence data were obtained by healthcare providers who were trained using a standard questionnaire that was conceived, tested and adapted for the study. Data were analyzed using Graph Prism (Graph pad 6.0, San Diego, USA). The Fisher exact and Chi-squared tests were used to establish the associations and independence between different variables at statistical significance level of p Results: A total of seventy (70) women were enrolled with age range varying between 15 and 40 years with a mean age of 26.5 ± 6.2 years. Loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) was observed among 17 women (24.29%). The Muslim religion, education below secondary level and the profession of housewife were significantly associated with LTFU at p = 0.01, p p = 0.0053, respectively. For participants who were retained until study endpoint, having secondary level of education or above and a profession other than housewife had a significant association (p = 0.0063), as well as being a Christian. Conclusion: Loss to follow-up in PMTCT program was associated with Muslim religion, primary level of education and the housewife occupation.

关键词： Pregnant Women Intervention Profile Education Religion