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Levels of evidence and grades of recommendation supporting European society for medical oncology clinical practice guidelines

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 807-815页

作者： MarKO SKELIN BRUNA PERKOV-STIPIČIN SANJA VUŠKOVIĆ MarINAŠANDRK PLEHAČEK ANE BAŠIĆ DAVIDŠarČEVIĆ MAJA ILIĆ IVAN KREČak Pharmacy Department General Hospital ofŠibenik-Knin CountyŠibenikCroatia Faculty of Medicine University of RijekaRijekaCroatia Undergraduate Study in Nursing University of Applied SciencesŠibenikCroatia Department of Oncology University Hospital Center ZagrebZagrebCroatia Pharmacies Joukhadar Sveta NedeljaCroatia Pharmacies Prima Pharme ZagrebCroatia Pharmacy Department General Hospital ZadarZadarCroatia Pharmacy Department General Hospital PulaPulaCroatia Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital ofŠibenik-Knin CountyŠibenikCroatia

Background:The European Society for Medical Oncology(ESMO)guidelines are among the most comprehensive and widely used clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)***,the level of scientific evidence supporting ESMO CPG recommendations has not been systematically *** study assessed ESMO CPG levels of evidence(LOE)and grades of recommendations(GOR),as well as their trends over time across various cancer ***:We manually extracted every recommendation with the Infectious Diseases Society of America(IDSA)classification from each *** examined the distribution of LOE and GOR in all available ESMO CPG guidelines across different topics and cancer ***:Among the 1,823 recommendations in the current CPG,30%were classified as LOEⅠ,and 43%were classified as GOR ***,there was a slight decrease in LOEⅠ(−2%)and an increase in the proportion of GOR A(+1%)in the current CPG compared to previous *** proportion of GOR A recommendations based on higher levels of evidence such as randomized trials(LOEⅠ–Ⅱ)shows a decrease(71%vs.63%,p=0.009)while recommendations based on lower levels of evidence(LOEⅢ–Ⅴ)show an increase(29%vs.37%,p=0.01)between previous and current *** the current versions,the highest proportion of LOEⅠ(42%)was found in recommendations related to pharmacotherapy,while the highest proportion of GOR A recommendations was found in the areas of pathology(50%)and diagnostic(50%)*** variability in LOEⅠand GOR A recommendations and their changes over time was observed across different cancer ***:One-third of the current ESMO CPG recommendations are supported by the highest level of *** well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed to increase the proportion of LOEⅠand GOR A recommendations,ultimately leading to improved outcomes for cancer patients.

关键词： ESMO guidelines Clinical practice guidelines Level of evidence Grade of recommendation

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Wettability,reactivity,and interface structure in Mg/Ni system

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 659-672页

作者： S.Terlicka N.Sobczak Ł.Maj P.Darłak J.J.Sobczak Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Polish Academy of Sciences25 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland Faculty of Foundry Engineering AGH University23 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland

The sessile drop method was applied to the experimental investigation of the wetting and spreading behaviors of liquid Mg drops on pure Ni *** comparison,the experiments were performed in two variants:(1)using the Capillary Purification(CP)procedure,which allows the non-contact heating and squeezing of a pure oxide-free Mg drop;(2)by classical Contact Heating(CH)*** high-temperature tests were performed under isothermal conditions(CP:760℃for 30 s;CH:715℃for 300 s)using ar+5 wt%H_(2) *** the sessile drop tests,images of the Mg/Ni couples were recorded by CCD cameras(57 fps),which were then applied to calculate the contact angles of metal/substrate *** and transmission electron microscopy analyses,both coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,were used for detailed structural characterization of the solidified *** was found that an oxide-free Mg drop obtained by the CP procedure showed a wetting phenomenon on the Ni substrate(an average contact angleθary oxide film on the Mg surface blocked the spreading of liquid Mg showing apparently non-wetting behavior after 300 s contact at the test ***,in both cases,the deep craters formed in the Ni substrates under the Mg drops and significant change in the structure of initially pure Mg drops to Mg-Ni alloys suggest a strong dissolution of Ni in liquid Mg and apparent values of the final contact angles measured for the Mg/Ni system.

关键词： Magnesium-based alloys Sessile drop tests Capillary purification procedure Wettability Reactivity Contact angle

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Production and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles and porous particles by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis using a zinc nitrate precursor

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第7期19卷 651-656页

作者： Burak Ebin Elif arτg Burak zkal Sebahattin Gürmen Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department Istanbul Technical University

ZnO nanoparticles and porous particles were produced by an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method using a zinc nitrate precursor at various temperatures under air atmosphere. The effects of reaction temperature on the size and morphology of ZnO particles were investi- gated. The samples were characterized by energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. ZnO particles were obtained in a hexagonal crystal structure and the crystallite shapes changed from spherical to hex- agonal by elevating the reaction temperature. The crystallite size grew by increasing the temperature, in spite of reducing the residence time in the heated zone. ZnO nanoparticles were obtained at the lowest reaction temperature and ZnO porous particles, formed by aggregation of ZnO nanoparticles due to effective sintering, were prepared at higher temperatures. The results showed that the properties of ZnO particles can be controlled by changing the reaction temperature in the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method.

关键词： zinc oxide nanoparticles nanocrystallites porous materials ultrasonic applications spray pyrolysis

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Tuberculosis:an experience from Mycobacterium smears and culture analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第2期2卷 47-53页

作者： Zeehaida M Siti asma H Siti Hawa H Zaidah ar Norbanee TH Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKubang KerianKelantanMalaysia

Objective:Simple tests like direct smear of the acid fast bacilli(AFB) and Mycobacterium culture could assist the diagnosis of *** study is aimed at reviewing the outcome of smears,culture results and contamination rate among specimens requested for AFB smear and Mycobacterium ***:Retrospective laboratory data analysis requesting for Mycobacterium culture from January 2005 till December 2006 was done in a tertiary teaching hospital of Universiti Sains Malaysia,Kubang Kerian,Kelantan,***: Four hundred and sixty seven(36.6%) isolates grew from 1 277 *** these isolates,314 (67.2%) grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis,23(4.9%) grew Mycobacterium other than tuberculosis and 38 (8.1%) grew *** the *** cultures,165(52.5%) had growth of more than 100 confluent colonies,whereas 39 cultures(12.4%) had growth of less than 19 *** smear for AFB among smear positive cases showed presence of more than 50 bacilli/line in 231(49.5%) cases and smear negative cases accounted for 63(13.5%).Among smear positive cases,291(94.5%) cultures grew Mycobacterium species and another 17(5.5%) cultures grew *** smear negative cases,32(62.7%) cultures grew Mycobacterium species and 19(37.3%) cultures grew ***:The results from data analysis of the Mycobacterium cultures should be critically utilized in order to review the laboratory performance and to improve its services in the *** of the data is also useful to the administrators of the hospital in terms of estimating the risk of occupational hazard faced by the health care workers.

关键词： Tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Culture Acid fast bacilli Smear Contamination

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In vitro study of natural plant products against oral bacteria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第6期2卷 18-21页

作者： Siddiqui R Siti asma'H Tang L Jie CC Rosliza ar Roziawati Y School of Dental Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kubang KerianKelantanMalaysia Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKubang KerianKelantanMalaysia

Objective:To analyze the effect of selected plant product against several bacterial which commonly causes oral *** was hope that in future,this product will become the remedy for treatment of oral infection and with the hope that it can substitute ***:A total of 5 species of oral bacteria from American Type Culture Collection(ATCC) were employed in this study(***,***,***,*** and *** ).Three types of natural plants crude extracts were used(garlic,curry leaves and cloves).Bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of these herbs were ***:It was shown garlic had antibacterial effects on all *** Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC in g/mL) of garlic towards S. aureus,***,***,*** and *** were 0.3,1.8,1.2,0.5 and 1.8,respectively. There was significant difference among the MIC of garlic on tested *** was more potent toward ***. The curry leaf solution on the other hand,did not show any zone of inhibition in all bacteria plates but adversely showed enhanced growth of those *** had shown its antibacterial effects on *** and *** clove was more potent toward *** with the MIC of 0.45 g/*** was more sensitive to clove compared to *** ***,it was more sensitive to garlic compared to clove. Conclusion:The antibacterial activity of garlic and clove crude extracts shown in our study further confirm these natural plants’potential usage in therapeutic use for oral diseases or *** could be the platform for the interested party to do research and development on it and to produce oral health products which are more affordable for lower economic income groups and with fewer side effects as seen in synthetic drug.

关键词： Garlic Clove Curry leaves MIC Antibacterial effect

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Chemical Coupled PEDOT:PSS/Si Electrode: Suppressed Electrolyte Consumption Enables Long‑Term Stability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第3期13卷 197-208页

作者： Xuejiao Liu Zhixin Xu asma Iqbal Ming Chen Nazakat Ali CheeTongJohn Low Rongrong Qi Jiantao Zai Xuefeng Qian School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240P.R.China Warwick Electrochemical Engineering Group Energy Innovation CentreWMGUniversity of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

Huge volume changes of Si during lithiation/delithiation lead to regeneration of solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)and consume *** this article,γ-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane(GOPS)was incorporated in Si/PEDOT:PSS electrodes to construct a flexible and conductive artificial SEI,effectively suppressing the consumption of *** optimized electrode can maintain 1000 mAh g^−1 for nearly 800 cycles under limited electrolyte compared with 40 cycles of the electrodes without ***,the optimized electrode exhibits excellent rate *** use of GOPS greatly improves the interface compatibility between Si and PEDOT:*** ar+etching depth analysis proved that the addition of GOPS is conducive to forming a more stable SEI.A full battery assembled with NCM 523 cathode delivers a high energy density of 520 Wh kg^−1,offering good stability.

关键词： Conductive binder PEDOT:PSS Cross-link XPS depth analysis Stable SEI Lithium-ion batteries

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A Late Cretaceous ensimatic arc developed during closure of the northern branch of Neo-Tethys(central-northern Turkey)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1015-1028页

作者： Metin Beyazpirin? Ali Ekber ak?ay Ali Yilmaz Meftun Kerem S?nmez Geological Research Department General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) Department of Environmental Engineering Engineering Faculty Cumhuriyet University

Studies on differentiation of ensimatic arc units from melange units in the Northern Anatolian Ophiolitic Belt(NAOB) are very rare. The study area represents the southern edge of the central part of the *** aim of the study is to distinguish the main units of NAOB and to define the geotectonic setting of the Darmik Ensimatic arc Association(DEAA). To study the ensimatic arc units as an independent tectonic unit is important and facilitates understanding of the geological evolution of the NAOB. During field studies, the contact relationships within the Darmik Ensimatic arc Association(DEAA) units and also with other tectonic units were reviewed. Then, paleontological, geochronological, petrological and also geochemical properties of the DEAA have been defined. In the present study, ensimatic arc units have been distinguished from ophiolitic association for the first time, in the region. As a result of the study, the DEAA is divided into two levels and lower level named as the Kartal unit and upper level named as the izibüyük unit. In the Kartal unit, basaltic and andesitic lavas with their equivalent pyroclastic rock units are dominant. Radiolarite and mudstones interbedded within the Kartal unit of DEAA have Turonian and Santonian age. In addition, the age of basalt samples of DEAA are 98.7 ± 2.4 Ma, defined using the^(40)ar/39 ar method. The izibüyük unit of DEAA comprises conglomerate, sandstone, claystone, mudstone,clayey limestone, micritic limestone with volcanic interbeds and also calciturbidites. Santonian-Maastrichtian ages were obtained from this unit of the DEAA. In conclusion, the age of DEAA is widely accepted as Late Cretaceous. After the evaluation of the analysis, the volcanics of the DEAA originated from calcalkaline-basalts, which reflect ensimatic arc magmatism.

关键词： North Anatolian Ophiolitic Belt Double subduction zones Darmik ensimatic arc Turkey

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Laser-assisted ablation and plasma formation of titanium explored by LIBS,QCM, optical microscopy and SEM analyses along with mechanical modifications under different pressures of ar and Ne

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第3期25卷 181-192页

作者： Maryam RIAZ Shazia BASHIR asma HAYAT Zarish NAZ Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics GC University Lahore

This study deals with the investigation of Nd:YAG laser-assisted ablation and plasma formation of Ti at irradiance of 0.85 GW cm-2 under ar and Ne environment at various pressures ranging from 10-120 ***-induced breakdown spectroscopy is used to evaluate plasma parameters,whereas quartz crystal microbalance is used for ablation yield *** crater depth is evaluated by optical *** surface features are explored by scanning electron microscope(SEM) analysis and the micro-hardness is measured by a Vickers hardness *** is observed that the plasma parameters are higher in ar than in Ne,and are strongly correlated with the ablation yield,ablation depth,surface features and hardness of laser-ablated *** parameters increase with increasing the pressure of environmental gases,attain their maxima at 40 Torr for ar and at 60 Torr for ***,they show a decreasing trend up till a maximum pressure of 120 *** maximum value of the electron temperature(Te) is5480 K,number density(ne) is 1.46 × 1018 cm-3,ablation depth is 184 μm,ablation yield is3.9 × 1015 atoms/pulse and hardness is 300 HV in the case of ar *** analysis reveals the growth of surface features,such as cones,ridges and pores,whose appearance is more distinct in ar than Ne and is attributed to temperature,pressure and density gradients along with recoil pressure of the Ti plasma.

关键词： ablation plasma electron temperature electron density laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy surface structures

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慢性肾脏病伴高血压患者的强化血压控制

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中华高血压杂志(中英文) 2010年第11期18卷 1005-1005页

作者：张玲玉叶鹏 Appel Lawrence J W Jackson TJr G Tom A Lawrence YA Brad CB George LC William HC Jeanne C Gabriel F Marquetta LG Francis BG Jennifer JH Lee AJ Kenneth ak Joel DK John WL James PL Janice PL Julia BL Michael SM Shaul GM Edgar RN Keith P Robert AP Velvie ar Otelio SR StephenG S Miroslaw JT Robert DW Xuelei

在观察性研究中发现,血压与终末期肾脏病(endstage renal disease,ESRD)直接相关,并且相互促进。非洲裔美国人中高血压相关的慢性肾脏病和ESRD的患病比例相当高,但极少有试验去检验对非洲裔美国人进行强化血压控制是否能够延缓其慢性肾... 详细信息

在观察性研究中发现,血压与终末期肾脏病(endstage renal disease,ESRD)直接相关,并且相互促进。非洲裔美国人中高血压相关的慢性肾脏病和ESRD的患病比例相当高,但极少有试验去检验对非洲裔美国人进行强化血压控制是否能够延缓其慢性肾脏病进展。方法:入选慢性肾脏病伴高血压的非洲裔美国人患者1094例作为研究对象,随机给予强化或者标准的血压控制治疗。[第一段]

关键词：慢性肾脏病高血压患者血压控制平均血压

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