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Perception beyond sight:Investigating the cognitive maps of congenitally blind individuals in urban environments

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第4期13卷 809-821页

作者： anwar Ibrahim Hikmat HAli Zainab Mahmoud College of Architecture and Design Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan College of Engineering and Architecture Al Yamamah UniversityRiyadhKSA

This study explores the challenges faced by congenitally blind individuals in navigating urban ***,this research investigates the factors that contribute to the construction of city mental mapping for individuals who are born ***-one congenitally blind individuals from the University of Jordan were asked to define and describe specific elements of the city based on their personal experiences and ***,participants were guided through two urban paths:familiar and *** participants were asked to complete a survey regarding their experiences during the *** collected data was analyzed by using thematic *** results revealed that congenitally blind individuals construct their mental image of the city by using their three senses of touching,hearing,and smelling,as well as their safety and *** mental image consists of five key elements:links,reference points,areas,separators,and *** the small size of the study sample and the specificity of the context,the results of this study will tremendously help planners in designing highly inclusive urban *** characteristics that can be recognized by the blinds will enhance their accessibility of urban spaces,encourage independent mobility,increase the quality of life and social inclusion for them.

关键词： Mental map City image Congenital blind Cognitive mapping Environmental perception

Ultrahydrophobic melamine sponge via interfacial modification with reduced graphene oxide/titanium dioxide nanocomposite and polydimethylsiloxane for oily wastewater treatment

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 139-149页

作者： Hamidatu Alhassan Ying Woan Soon anwar Usman Voo Nyuk Yoong Department of Physics Universiti Brunei DarussalamBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei Department of Chemical Sciences Universiti Brunei DarussalamBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei

Three-dimensional(3D)porous absorbents have attracted significant attention in the oily wastewater treatment technology due to their high porosity and *** their amphiphilic surface,they have a propensity to simultaneously absorb water and oil,which restricts their range of *** this study,a reduced graphene oxide and titanium dioxide nanocomposite(rGO/TiO_(2))was used to fabricate an ultra-hydrophobic melamine sponge(MS)through interfacial modification using a solution immersion *** further modify it,poly-dimethylsiloxane(PDMS)was grafted onto its surface to establish stronger covalent bonds with the *** water contact angle of the sponge(rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS)was 164.2°,which satisfies the condition for *** evidence of its water repellency was demonstrated by the Cassie-Baxter theory and the lotus leaf *** a result of the increased density of rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS,it recorded an initial capacity that was 2 g/g lower than the raw MS for crude oil *** raw MS retained 53% of its initial absorption capacity after 20 cycles of absorption,while rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS retained 97%,suggesting good *** oil and organic solvent recovery(90%-96%)was demonstrated by rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS in oil-water *** a continuous separation system,it achieved a remarkable separation efficiency of 2.4×10^(6)L/(m^(3)·h),and in turbulent emulsion separation,it achieved a demulsification efficiency of 90%-91%.This study provides a practical substitute for massive oil spill cleaning.

关键词： Oily wastewater Reduced graphene oxide Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) Emulsion separation Melamine sponge

Expansion of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第4期16卷 410-433页

作者： Shafiqa Naeem Rajput Bushra Kiran Naeem anwar Ali Asmat Salim Irfan Khan Dr.Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of KarachiKarachi 75270SindhPakistan Surgical Unit 4 Dr.Ruth KM Pfau Civil HospitalKarachi 74400Pakistan Department of Physiology University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Research and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesThe Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800SindhPakistan

BACKGROUND Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that possess the potential for self-renewal with the capacity to differentiate into multiple *** humans,their limited numbers pose a challenge in fulfilling the necessary demands for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissues or *** suggested that mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),necessary for repair and regeneration via transplantation,require doses ranging from 10 to 400 million ***,the limited expansion of MSCs restricts their therapeutic *** To optimize a novel protocol to achieve qualitative and quantitative expansion of MSCs to reach the targeted number of cells for cellular transplantation and minimize the limitations in stem cell therapy *** Human umbilical cord(hUC)tissue derived MSCs were obtained and *** cultured cells were subjected to the following evaluation pro-cedures:Immunophenotyping,immunocytochemical staining,trilineage differentiation,population doubling time and number,gene expression markers for proliferation,cell cycle progression,senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase assay,human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)expression,mycoplasma,cytomegalovirus and endotoxin *** Analysis of pluripotent gene markers Oct4,Sox2,and Nanog in recultured hUC-MSC revealed no significant *** immunophenotypic markers CD90,CD73,CD105,CD44,vimentin,CD29,Stro-1,and Lin28 were positively expressed by these recultured expanded MSCs,and were found negative for CD34,CD11b,CD19,CD45,and *** recultured hUC-MSC population continued to expand through passage *** gene expression of Pax6,BMP2,and TGFb1 showed no significant variation between recultured hUC-MSC ***,a significant increase(P<0.001)in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle was observed in recultured *** senescence markers(hTERT expression andβ-galactosidase activity)did not show any negative effect on recultured hUC-

关键词： Human umbilical cord Mesenchymal stem cells Expansion Cell proliferation In vitro expansion Senescence

Survey of Indoor Localization Based on Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3261-3298页

作者： Khaldon Azzam Kordi Mardeni Roslee Mohamad Yusoff Alias Abdulraqeb Alhammadi Athar Waseem anwar Faizd Osman Centre for Wireless Technology Faculty of EngineeringMultimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia Communication Systems&Networks Research Lab Malaysia-Japan International Institute of TechnologyUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur54100Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering(DEE) International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Rohde&Schwarz(M)Sdn Bhd Shah Alam40150Malaysia

This study comprehensively examines the current state of deep learning (DL) usage in indoor *** emphasizes the significance and efficiency of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neuralnetworks (RNNs). Unlike prior studies focused on single sensor modalities like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, this researchexplores the integration of multiple sensor modalities (e.g.,Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ultra-Wideband, ZigBee) to expandindoor localization methods, particularly in obstructed environments. It addresses the challenge of precise objectlocalization, introducing a novel hybrid DL approach using received signal information (RSI), Received SignalStrength (RSS), and Channel State Information (CSI) data to enhance accuracy and stability. Moreover, thestudy introduces a device-free indoor localization algorithm, offering a significant advancement with potentialobject or individual tracking applications. It recognizes the increasing importance of indoor positioning forlocation-based services. It anticipates future developments while acknowledging challenges such as multipathinterference, noise, data standardization, and scarcity of labeled data. This research contributes significantly toindoor localization technology, offering adaptability, device independence, and multifaceted DL-based solutionsfor real-world challenges and future advancements. Thus, the proposed work addresses challenges in objectlocalization precision and introduces a novel hybrid deep learning approach, contributing to advancing *** deep learning-based indoor localization techniques have improved accuracy, challenges likedata noise, standardization, and availability of training data persist. However, ongoing developments are expectedto enhance indoor positioning systems to meet real-world demands.

关键词： Deep learning indoor localization wireless-based localization

Choosing Multimodal Freight Mix: An Integrated Multi-Objective Multicriteria Approach

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第3期14卷 402-422页

作者： Mohammad anwar Rahman School of Engineering Science & Technology Central Connecticut State University New Britain CT USA

Multimodal freight transportation emerges as the go-to strategy for cost-effectively and sustainably moving goods over long distances. In a multimodal freight system, where a single contract includes various transportation methods, businesses aiming for economic success must make well-informed decisions about which modes of transport to use. These decisions prioritize secure deliveries, competitive cost advantages, and the minimization of environmental footprints associated with transportation-related pollution. Within the dynamic landscape of logistics innovation, various multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches empower businesses to evaluate freight transport options thoroughly. In this study, we utilize a case study to demonstrate the application of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) algorithm for MCDM decision-making in freight mode selection. We further enhance the TOPSIS framework by integrating the entropy weight coefficient method. This enhancement aids in assigning precise weights to each criterion involved in mode selection, leading to a more reliable decision-making process. The proposed model provides cost-effective and timely deliveries, minimizing environmental footprint and meeting consumers’ needs. Our findings reveal that freight carbon footprint is the primary concern, followed by freight cost, time sensitivity, and service reliability. The study identifies the combination of Rail/Truck as the ideal mode of transport and containers in flat cars (COFC) as the next best option for the selected case. The proposed algorithm, incorporating the enhanced TOPSIS framework, benefits companies navigating the complexities of multimodal transport. It empowers making more strategic and informed transportation decisions. This demonstration will be increasingly valuable as companies navigate the ever-growing trade within the global supply chains.

关键词： Multimodal Freight Transport MCDM TOPSIS Entropy Technique COFC

Urban Freight Consolidation Model for Post-Hauler Planning

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第2期14卷 255-272页

作者： Mohammad anwar Rahman School of Engineering Science & Technology Central Connecticut State University New Britain USA

Freight transportation in urban areas has increased significantly in a shorter period due to the widespread use of e-commerce, fast delivery, and population growth. Recently, a noticeable government initiative aimed at creating an effective, acceptable, and sustainable city logistics policy. This paper examines freight consolidation as a transportation strategy for optimizing last-mile delivery costs. Freight consolidation involves combining smaller shipments from various origins into a single, larger shipment for more efficient transportation to a common destination. This approach is particularly beneficial for last-mile delivery, where frequent deliveries of smaller quantities are frequently visible. Finally, we provide an illustrative example targeting urban freight stakeholders for practicing possible consolidation methodology. The result in the illustrative example shows that freight with 3-day consolidation, despite the delay penalty, is cheaper than daily shipping, and both are cheaper than 2-day consolidated shipping. The study will benefit urban businesses and freight services.

关键词： Freight Consolidation Urban Transport Intermodal Last-Mile Delivery

Identification of Software Bugs by Analyzing Natural Language-Based Requirements Using Optimized Deep Learning Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4379-4397页

作者： Qazi Mazhar ul Haq Fahim Arif Khursheed Aurangzeb Noor ul Ain Javed Ali Khan Saddaf Rubab Muhammad Shahid anwar Department of Computer Science and Engineering and International Bachelor’s Program in Informatics Yuan Ze UniversityZhongliTaoyuan320315Taiwan Department of Computer Science National University of PakistanRawalpindiPunjab46000Pakistan Department of Computer Software Engineering MCSNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science School of PhysicsEngineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldAL109ABUK Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272United Arab Emirates Department of AI and Software Gachon UniversitySeongnam-SI13120South Korea

Software project outcomes heavily depend on natural language requirements,often causing diverse interpretations and issues like ambiguities and incomplete or faulty *** are exploring machine learning to predict software bugs,but a more precise and general approach is *** bug prediction is crucial for software evolution and user training,prompting an investigation into deep and ensemble learning ***,these studies are not generalized and efficient when extended to other ***,this paper proposed a hybrid approach combining multiple techniques to explore their effectiveness on bug identification *** methods involved feature selection,which is used to reduce the dimensionality and redundancy of features and select only the relevant ones;transfer learning is used to train and test the model on different datasets to analyze how much of the learning is passed to other datasets,and ensemble method is utilized to explore the increase in performance upon combining multiple classifiers in a *** National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)and four Promise datasets are used in the study,showing an increase in the model’s performance by providing better Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(AUC-ROC)values when different classifiers were *** reveals that using an amalgam of techniques such as those used in this study,feature selection,transfer learning,and ensemble methods prove helpful in optimizing the software bug prediction models and providing high-performing,useful end mode.

关键词： Natural language processing software bug prediction transfer learning ensemble learning feature selection

Treadmill training in Parkinson's disease:possible role of prefrontal modifications in the improved cortical-subcortical network function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 407-408页

作者： Hao Ding Amgad Droby Abdul Rauf anwar Jeffrey M.Hausdorff Bahman Nasseroleslami Anat Mirelman Inbal Maidan Muthuraman Muthuraman Department of Neurology University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany Academic Unit of Neurology Trinity College Dublinthe University of DublinDublinIreland Department of Neurology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Biomedical Engineering Centre UET Lahore(KSK Campus)LahorePakistan Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration(LEMON) Center for the Study of MovementCognitionand Mobility(CMCM)Neurological InstituteTel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael Department of Physical Therapy Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a range of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia,resting tremor,rigidity,and postural instability,as well as non-motor symptoms,such as de... 详细信息

关键词： rigidity fatigue

A Review of Cybersecurity Challenges in Small Business: The Imperative for a Future Governance Framework

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Journal of Information Security 2024年第1期15卷 24-39页

作者： Binita Saha Zahid anwar Computer Science North Dakota State University Fargo USA

Technological shifts—coupled with infrastructure, techniques, and applications for big data—have created many new opportunities, business models, and industry expansion that benefit entrepreneurs. At the same time, however, entrepreneurs are often unprepared for cybersecurity needs—and the policymakers, industry, and nonprofit groups that support them also face technological and knowledge constraints in keeping up with their needs. To improve the ability of entrepreneurship research to understand, identify, and ultimately help address cybersecurity challenges, we conduct a literature review on the state of cybersecurity. The research highlights the necessity for additional investigation to aid small businesses in securing their confidential data and client information from cyber threats, thereby preventing the potential shutdown of the business.

关键词： Entrepreneurship Cybersecurity Small and Medium Businesses Data Breach Hacking Security