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Association of metabolic NCD risk factors with oral, breast and cervical precancers and cancers in India

Family Medicine and Community Health 2019年第4期7卷 37-45页

作者： ashwini kedar Roopa Hariprasad Vipin Kumar Kavitha Dhanasekaran Ravi Mehrotra Department of Clinical Oncology National Institute of Cancer Prevention and ResearchNoidaIndia

Objective To find an association between metabolic non-communicable disease(NCD)risk factors(high blood pressure(BP),high random blood sugar(RBS)and overweight/obesity)and oral,breast,cervical cancers/precancerous or potentially malignant conditions.Design This is an observational study using convenience sampling.The participants were screened through opportunistic or population-based screening.setting The study was conducted at a health promotion clinic(HPC)located in Northern India under the Indian Council of Medical Research.HPC is a screening clinic where screening is done for hypertension(HT),diabetes mellitus(DM),obesity,and oral,breast and cervical cancers.The study was conducted between December 2016 and January 2019.Participant The number of participants screened was 8352(6712 women and 1640 men).All consenting men and women above 18 years were included.All participants were screened for oral cancer,DM,HT and obesity.All women were also screened for breast and cervical cancers.Cervical screening was done for non-pregnant women 21 years and above with history of sexual activity.result Oral potentially malignant disease(OPMD)was the most prevalent,followed by breast cancer,oral cancer,cervical cancer and cervical precancer.High RBS had a strong association with oral cancer(OR=2.29,95%CI 1.09 to 4.82,p=0.03)and breast cancer(OR=1.95,95%CI 1.01 to 3.76,p=0.05).High BP had a strong association with breast cancer(OR=2.50,95%CI 1.43 to 4.35,p<0.0001).An inverse association was noted between oral cancer and overweight/obesity(OR=0.20,95%CI 0.08 to 0.48,p<0.0001).Current tobacco use was strongly associated with oral cancer(OR=6.51,95%CI 3.63 to 11.67,p<0.0001)and OPMD(OR=9.82,95%CI 8.13 to 11.86,p<0.0001).No association was elicited between the metabolic NCD risk factors and cervical cancer/precancer.Conclusions The study reaffirms that NCD metabolic risk factors determine oral and breast cancers.Besides NCD risk factors,current tobacco use was a strong determinant of OPMD and oral cancer.Hence,primary and primor

关键词： cervical breast cancers

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Evolution and bathymetry of glacial lake at the lowest elevation in Nepal Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第1期20卷 141-144页

作者： Shusila KANDEL Nitesh KHADKA Dhurba TIWARI Dibas SHRESTHA kedar RIJAL Central Department of Environmental Sciences Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44163Nepal Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Department of Geology Tri-Chandra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal Central Department of Hydrology and Meteorology Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44163Nepal

One of the prominent impacts of climate change induced glacier retreat in the Himalayas is the formation and expansion of glacial lakes. The newly formed glacial lakes are mostly located in higher altitudinal regions(4200-5800 m) of Himalaya,however, a new glacial lake(Kapuche, 28.446° N and 84.116° E) have been reported to be emerged in the relatively low elevation area of ~2450 m above sea level(masl) in the Nepal Himalaya. This short communication presents the remote sensing-based evolution and field-based bathymetry of Kapuche lake, and further discusses its formation process and lake type for being a glacial lake at the lowest elevation in Nepal Himalaya.

关键词： Glacial lake Evolution Avalanche Bathymetry

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Peri-urban Development:Discussion with Land Use Zoning,Statutory Provision,and Issues inside Katahari Rural Municipality,Nepal

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Journal of Geographical Research 2023年第1期6卷 1-16页

作者： kedar Dahal Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44618Nepal

The peri-urban area is a transitional zone between the city and its hinterlands characterized by mixed land use and intensive flows of resources,people,goods,and services from and to the city center.These zones are generally misguided and haphazardly developed without a proper planning framework.The peri-urban area at present will be the urban area in the future;therefore,it needs planning intervention in its initial stage of growth.Katahari,a peri-urban area of Biratnagar metropolitan city,is developing a spontaneous lack of land use plans.Recently,the Government of Nepal has encouraged the local government to implement land use plans in the provided framework,policy,and guidelines.This study,in this context,attempts to analyze and identify land use issues and potential zones for Katahari rural municipality that also supports planning urban development in the future.The study is based on primary and secondary data and information supported by maps and figures.It is concluded that Katahari has been developed as a multi-function center adjoining the Biratnagar metropolitan city,and future expansion of the city will cover a wide range of rural municipalities.The postal highway that passes through it has attracted a wide range of urban functions.Agriculture,residential,commercial,and industrial are the main land use category at present and needs development control through providing land use zoning and related planning instruments through the increasing role of the stakeholder and the government agencies in the decision-making processes and implementation of spatial development frameworks to regulate peri-urban development in the area which will guide the future planning for liability,economic viability,social inclusion,and environmental sustainability in the area.Spill-over development activities of Biratnagar,have increased the number of economic activities,population growth,and mixed-use development.

关键词： Peri-urban Land use Urban expansion Spill-over development Rural municipality Agriculture

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Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease:Recent Advancement

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2017年第5期33卷 585-597页

作者： Sharvari Lotankar kedar S Prabhavalkar Lokesh K Bhatt Department of Pharmacology SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of PharmacyVile Parle(W)MumbaiIndia

As a multi-factorial degenerative disease, Parkinson＇s disease （PD） leads to tremor, gait rigidity, and hypokinesia, thus hampering normal living. As this disease is usually detected in the later stages when neurons have degenerated completely, cure is on hold, ultimately leading to death due to the lack of early diagnostic techniques. Thus, biomarkers are required to detect the disease in the early stages when prevention is possible. Various biomarkers providing early diagnosis of the disease include those of imaging, cerebrospinal fluid, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, and inflammation. Also, biomarkers, alone or in combination, are used in the diagnosis and evolution of PD. This review encompasses various biomarkers available for PD and discusses recent advances in their development.

关键词： Parkinson＇s disease· Imaging biomarkers ·Biochemical biomarkers - Clinical biomarkers Geneticbiomarkers

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Intra-population genetic variance for grain iron and zinc contents and agronomic traits in pearl millet

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The Crop Journal 2016年第1期4卷 48-54页

作者： Mahalingam Govindaraj kedar N.Rai Ponnusamy Shanmugasundaram International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

Crop biofortification is a sustainable approach for fighting micronutrient malnutrition in the world. The estimation of variance components in genetically broad-based populations provides information about their genetic architecture, allowing the design of an appropriate biofortification breeding method for cross-pollinated crops such as pearl millet. The objective of this study was to estimate intra-population genetic variance using self(S1) and half-sib(HS) progenies in two populations, AIMP92901 and ICMR312. Field trials were evaluated in two contrasting seasons(2009 rainy and 2010 summer; otherwise called environments) in Alfisols at ICRISAT, Patancheru. Analyses of variance showed highly significant variation for S1 s and HS progenies, reflecting high within-population genetic variation for both micronutrients and other key traits. However, the HS showed narrow ranges and lower genetic variances than the S1 for all of the traits. The micronutrients were highly positively correlated in S1(r = 0.77 to 0.86; P < 0.01) and HS(r = 0.74 to 0.77; P < 0.01)progenies of both populations, implying concurrent genetic improvement for both micronutrients. The genetic variance component was different among populations for Fe and Zn contents across environments, with AIMP92901 showing a greater proportion of dominance and ICMR312 greater additive variance for these micronutrients. The estimates of variance(additive and dominance) were specific for each population, given their dependence on the additive and dominance effects of the segregating loci, which also differ among populations. The possible causes for such differences were discussed. The results showed that the expression of these micronutrients in pearl millet shows largely additive variance, so that breeding high-iron hybrids will require incorporation of these micronutrient traits into both parental lines.

关键词： Genetic variance Iron Micronutrient malnutrition Pearl millet Zinc

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Sperm fine-needle aspiration (FNA)mapping after failed microdissection testicular sperm extraction (TESE):location and patterns of found sperm

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第1期21卷 50-55页

作者： Sheba Jarvis Heather K Yee Natalia Thomas Imok Cha kedar Che Prasad Jonathan W A Ramsay Paul J Turek Imperial College London Hammersmlth HospitalLondon W12 ONNUK The Turek Clinic San FranciscoCA 94133USA Marin Medical Laboratories Greenbrae CA 94904USA.

We sought to evaluate the ability of fine-needle aspiration (FNA)mapping to find sperm and to guide sperm retrieval after failed microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE)in nonobstructive azoospermic men.In this study of consecutive male infertility cases,interventions included testicular FNA mapping and subsequent sperm retrieval.Outcomes included the frequency and location of found sperm on FNA maps after failed micro-TESE and the salvage sperm retrieval success.Among 548 patients undergoing FNA mapping from 2010 to 2016,82 men with previous micro-TESE procedures were identified.The mean time between micro-TESE and FNA mapping was 2.2 years.A total of 2825 (1424 on right and 1401 on left)sites were mapped.At least one site revealed mature sperm in 24 (29.3%)of 82 men with prior failed micro-TESE procedures.There was an equal likelihood of detecting sperm in either testis (6.1%right;5.7%left;P=0.58).Digital "heat maps"revealed differences in sperm findings within the testis with mature sperm more likely found in the testis periphery rather than centrally.Fifteen (62.5%)patients subsequently underwent sperm retrieval procedures guided by FNA maps.Sufficient sperm were retrieved in all cases,and in 10 (66.7%)of 15 cases,extra sperm were frozen for future use.in a significant proportion of failed micro-TESE procedures representing the largest study to date,sperm were detected by FNA mapping and could be reliably retrieved through FNA map-guided surgical sperm retrieval.When present,sperm were more likely to be found in the testis periphery rather than centrally with FNA mapping.

关键词： azoospermia hypogonadism IVF-ICSI microdissection TESE sperm FNA mapping sperm retrieval

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Composition of forests and vegetation in the Kailash Sacred Landscape,Nepal

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1625-1635页

作者： Ripu Mardhan Kunwar Maria Fadiman Tobin Hindle Madan Krishna Suwal Yagya Prasad Adhikari kedar Baral Rainer Bussmann Department of Geosciences Florida Atlantic University777 Glades RoadBoca RatonFL 33431USA Department of Geography University of BergenFosswinckelsgate 6P.O.Box 78025020 BergenNorway Department of Biogeography University of BayreuthUniversitatsstr.3095447 BayreuthGermany Department of Forests Kathmandu 44600Nepal Ilia State University Kakutsa Cholokashvili Ave 3/50162 TbilisiRepublic of Georgia

A total of 141 quadrats were sampled using stratified random sampling to study forest,environment and human interactions along an elevation gradient 1800 to 3665 m at the remote Kailash Sacred Landscape,Nepal.Eight forest types were identified,including Laurel-Oak to Rhododendron to Blue pine,comprising 191 species including 60 useful from 166 genera and 87 families.The environmental variables elevation,slope,and temperature were significant(p<0.001)in determining the composition and distribution of forest types.Records of large numbers of useful plants along with diverse forest and vegetation types suggest a strong association between the culture of local villages and nature conservation.Due to changes in climate,socio-culture and land-use,forest degradation is expected to accelerate,thus forcing government and indigenous community forest management measures to acknowledge human,cultural and environmental variables for sustainable forest management.

关键词： Phyto-sociological assessment Environmental factors Forest types Culture Kailash Sacred Landscape Nepal

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Integrated Urban Development Plan (IUDP) as a Guiding Tool to Municipal Development: Insights from Dudhauli Municipality, Nepal

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Journal of Geographical Research 2020年第3期3卷 13-22页

作者： kedar Dahal Department of Geography Tri-Chandra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal

Several planning tools and approaches such as action plan,period plan,physical development plan have been applied for planned development for municipalities including other small and medium-sized towns of Nepal.Among them Integrated Urban Development Plan(IUDP)is the latest approach that focuses integrated sectoral development envisioning longterm spatial development by adopting strategic actions,which is backed by lead development sectors of that town.This study is based on field level data collection through municipal and community level interactions,observation and field mapping.Dudhauli municipality,which is located in the hilly region of Bagmati province Nepal has been selected for this study,which reveals an array of diverse patterns and challenges of municipal development.Present scenario of urban growth in Dudhauli has been taking place at and around Dudhauli bazzar,Dakaha and Sirthauli area and main roadsides in the form of compact and linear development pattern in unplanned way,which has resulted increasing built-up area and decreasing agriculture land.Rapid spatial expansion of residential buildings construction and densification of built-up areas have been increased by 56%within the time period of 10 years in Dudhauli area.Consequentially,fertile agriculture land has been converted into constructional area significantly.To regulate urban development in a right direction,a planned urban development of Dudhauli is needed.IUDP,in this context would be an appropriate tool to guide as a framework of municipal development by considering vision,goals,strategies,key activities and land use zones for regulated urban development.

关键词： Landuse Strategies Lead sector Infrastructure Urban growth SWOT

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EPIC STAR:a reliable and efficient approach for phonon- and impurity-limited charge transport calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1261-1271页

作者： Tianqi Deng Gang Wu Michael B.Sullivan Zicong Marvin Wong kedar Hippalgaonkar Jian-Sheng Wang Shuo-Wang Yang Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16 ConnexisSingapore 138632Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research2 Fusionopolis Way#08-03 InnovisSingapore 138634Singapore Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceNational University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3Singapore 117551Singapore

A computationally efficient first-principles approach to predict intrinsic semiconductor charge transport properties is proposed.By using a generalized Eliashberg function for short-range electron–phonon scattering and analytical expressions for long-range electron–phonon and electron–impurity scattering,fast and reliable prediction of carrier mobility and electronic thermoelectric properties is realized without empirical parameters.This method,which is christened“Energy-dependent Phonon-and Impuritylimited Carrier Scattering Time AppRoximation(EPIC STAR)”approach,is validated by comparing with experimental measurements and other theoretical approaches for several representative semiconductors,from which quantitative agreement for both polar and non-polar,isotropic and anisotropic materials is achieved.The efficiency and robustness of this approach facilitate automated and unsupervised predictions,allowing high-throughput screening and materials discovery of semiconductor materials for conducting,thermoelectric,and other electronic applications.

关键词： phonon charge reliable

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Analyzing Urban Expansion and Spatial Growth Patterns in Barahathawa Municipality of Central Tarai Region, Nepal

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Journal of Geographical Research 2021年第2期4卷 1-9页

作者： kedar Dahal Krishna PTimilsina Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus Tribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal

The rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Nepal has brought significant changes in land use,and urban expansion and growth patterns mostly through the conversion of agricultural land into the built-up area.The issue is studied taking a case of the rapidly growing town,Barahathawa Municipality of Tarai Region of Sarlahi District.After the declaration of the municipality,several new roads have been opened and upgraded;and the municipality is well-connected to the national transportation network.After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal 2015 and functioning the elected local body,the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment in socio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which has attracted people,goods,and services creating the zone of influence on the municipality.One of the changes found in the municipality is the increasing built-up area and expansion of urban growth through the decreasing agricultural land.Urban growth has been observed taking place around the Barahathawa Bazaar and main roadsides.The built-up area in Barahathawa municipality has remarkably increased by 183percent with the decrease of shrub and agricultural land within 10 years.Implications of such spatial and temporal dynamics have been a core issue of urban planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal.

关键词： Land use Urban expansion Municipality Built-up area Spatial planning

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