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Fatigue Behaviour of Silic.n c.rbide and Fly Ash Dispersion Strengthened High Performanc. Hybrid Al 5083 Metal Matrix c.mposites

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Journal of Minerals and Materials c.arac.erization and Engineering 2017年第5期5卷 274-287页

作者： N. Santhosh U. N. Kempaiah Ganesh Sajjan ashwin c. gowda Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering Bangalore University Bangalore India Department of Aeronautic.l Engineering Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Bangalore India Department of c.E VIAT VTU - PG Centre Muddenahalli India

Fatigue is a major issue c.nc.rning the use of aluminium c.mposites in struc.ural applic.tions. Fatigue leads to weakening of material majorly due to the strain bands formed in the material when it is subjec.ed to repeated loading;the damage that oc.urs due to fatigue is a progressive and loc.lized one. The fatigue may oc.ur at a stress limit muc. lesser than the ultimate stress limit of the c.mposite spec.men. Henc.forth in the c.rrent work, fatigue behaviour of silic.n c.rbide and fly ash dispersion strengthened high performanc. hybrid Al 5083 metal matrix c.mposites are evaluated. The main purpose of fatigue c.arac.erisation is to distinc.ly evaluate the life c.c.e of c.mponents that are fabric.ted from metal matrix c.mposites and eventually develop a framework model for the signific.nt study of fatigue strength of the struc.ure with persistent striations all along the interstitials of aluminium- silic.n c.rbide-fly ash interfac.s. Fatigue is a stoc.astic.proc.ss rather than a deterministic.one that gives a c.nsiderable sc.tter, even among samples of similar c.mposition with the tests c.rried out in some of the c.itic.lly c.ntrolled environments. Henc. there is a need for statistic.l validation of the results to authentic.te the data c.llec.ed. Thus in the c.rrent work, analysis of varianc. is c.rried out to establish the authentic.ty of the results and validate them. The results and plots are presented with suitable rationale and inferenc.s.

关键词： Fatigue Aluminium Silic.n c.rbide Fly Ash Statistic.l Validation

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Signific.nc. of Stefan blowing effec. on flow and heat transfer of c.sson nanofluid over a moving thin needle

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c.mmunic.tions in Theoretic.l Physic. 2021年第9期73卷 51-58页

作者： A M Jyothi R Naveen Kumar R J Punith gowda B c.Prasannakumara Bangalore Institute of Tec.nology BangaloreIndia Department of Studies and Researc. in Mathematic. Davangere UniversityDavangere-577002KarnatakaIndia

The c.rrent mathematic.l model explains the influenc. of non-linear thermal radiation on the c.sson liquid flow over a moving thin needle by c.nsidering Buongiorno’s nanofluid *** influenc.s of Stefan blowing,Dufour and Soret effec.s are also c.nsidered in the *** equations whic. represent the desc.ibed flow pattern are reduc.d to ordinary differential equations(ODEs)by using apt similarity transformations and then they are numeric.lly solved with Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg’s fourth fifth-order method(RKF-45)with shooting *** impac.s of pertinent parameters on thermal,mass and veloc.ty c.rves are deliberated *** fric.ion,rate of heat and mass transfer are also disc.ssed *** reveal that,the inc.ease in values of Brownian motion,thermophoresis,Dufour number,heating and radiative parameters improves the heat *** inc.easing values of the Sc.midt number deteriorates the mass transfer but a c.nverse trend is seen for inc.easing values of the Soret ***,the esc.lating values of the radiative parameter dec.ys the rate of heat transfer.

关键词： moving thin needle Brownian motion and thermophoretic.diffusion non-linear thermal radiation Stefan blowing c.ndition

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Nutritive Value and Silage Fermentation c.arac.eristic. of Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bic.lor L.) Genotypes and Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) Mixture

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Americ.n Journal of Plant Sc.enc.s 2022年第6期13卷 723-733页

作者： M. Rangappa Umesh Isaac.Lepc.a Sultan Begna Prasanna gowda Sangu Angadi Agric.lture Sc.enc. c.nter c.ovis New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA

This study was c.nduc.ed to assess the fermentation and nutritive value of sorghum silage mixed with lablab at different proportions. The treatments c.nsisted of a c.mbination of two sorghum genotypes viz. “Brown midrib” and “Brac.ytic.dwarf” genotype of lablab and six population proportions viz. 150:0, 112.5:37.5, 75:75, 37.5:112.5, 0:150 and 150:150 × 103 plants·ha-1 sorghum genotypes and lablab, respec.ively totalling to 12 numbers. Sorghum genotypes and lablab were grown as monoc.op and in interc.opping systems in the same field. Forage sorghum was harvested at the late-dough stage and lablab at 20% bloom. They were c.t and c.opped together and ensiled. Lablab in the silage mixture was its ac.ual c.ntribution to the total forage mixture. For eac. mixture, a 1-L glass jar (mini-silo) was filled with 500 g of fresh material and replic.ted four times. Forage in mini silos was fermented for 60 days at room temperature (25°c.. Pre and post-silage dry samples were analysed for nutritive value and ensiled samples were analysed for fermentation c.arac.eristic.. There was no signific.nt differenc. in nutritive value between sorghum genotypes. The greatest impac. of mixing lablab with sorghum genotypes was on c.ude protein (c.) and ac.d detergent fiber (ADF), but not on neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Ac.oss treatments, c., ADF pH, lac.ic. and ac.tic.ac.d c.nc.ntrations inc.eased as the proportion of LB was inc.eased. The results indic.ted that lablab as an interc.op with sorghum for greater DM yield and forage and silage quality than respec.ive monoc.ops.

关键词： Brown Midrib Brac.ytic.Dwarf Ensilage Forage Quality Interc.opping Lablab Silage

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Establishing the role of detoxifying enzymes in field-evolved resistanc. to various insec.ic.des in the brown planthopper （Nilaparvata lugens） in South India

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2017年第1期24卷 35-46页

作者： Vijayakumar Maheshwari Malathi Sushil K. Jalali Dandinashivara K. Sidde gowda Muthugounder Mohan Thiruvengadam Venkatesan Division of Molec.lar Entomology ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources Bengaluru 560 024 Karnataka India Department of Entomology College of Agriculture University of Agricultural Sciences-Bengaluru V.C. Farm Mandya 571 478 Karnataka India

The brown planthopper （BPH）, Nilaparvata lugens （Stal）, is one of the major pests of ric. throughout Asia. Extensive use of insec.ic.des for suppressing N. lugens has resulted in the development of insec.ic.de resistanc. leading to frequent c.ntrol failures in the field. The aim of the present study was to evaluate resistanc. in the field populations of N. lugens from major ric. growing states of South India to various insec.ic.des. We also determined the ac.ivity of detoxifying enzymes （esterases [ESTs], glutathione S- transferases [GSTs], and mixed-fimc.ion oxidases [MFOs]）. Moderate levels of resistanc. were detec.ed in the field populations to ac.phate, thiamethoxam and buprofezin （resistanc. fac.ors 1.05-20.92 fold, 4.52-14.99 fold, and 1.00-18.09 fold, respec.ively） as c.mpared with susc.ptible strain while there were low levels of resistanc. to imidac.oprid （resistanc. fac.or 1.23-6.70 fold） and c.mplete sensitivity to etofenoprox （resistanc. fac.or 1.05- 1.66 fold）. EST ac.ivities in the field populations were 1.06 to 3.09 times higher than the susc.ptible strain while for GST and MFO the ratios varied from 1.29 to 3.41 and 1.03 to 1.76, respec.ively. The EST ac.ivity was found to be c.rrelated to ac.phate resistanc. （r = 0.999, P ≥ 0.001）. The high selec.ion pressure of organophosphate, neonic.tinoid, and insec. growth regulator （IGR） in the field is likely to be c.ntributing for resistanc. in BPH to multiple insec.ic.des, leading to c.ntrol failures. The results obtained will be benefic.al to IPM rec.mmendations for the use of effec.ive insec.ic.des against BPH.

关键词： esterases glutathione S-transferases insec.ic.de resistanc. mixed func.ion oxidases Nilaparvata lugens toxic.logic.l bioassay

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Transferability of Sorghum Genic.Mic.osatellite Markers to Peanut

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Americ.n Journal of Plant Sc.enc.s 2012年第9期3卷 1169-1180页

作者： Siddanna B. Savadi Bashasab Fakrudin H. L. Nadaf M. V. c. gowda Department of Biotec.nology University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad India Department of Genetic. and Plant Breeding University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad India

c.rrently development of new marker types has shifted from anonymous DNA fragments to gene-based markers. Simple Sequenc. Repeats (SSRs) are useful DNA markers in plant genetic.researc. inc.uding in peanut. However, de novo development of SSRs is expensive and time c.nsuming. Gene-based DNA markers are transferable among related spec.es owing to the c.nserved nature of genes. In this study transferability of sorghum EST-SSR (SbEST-SSR) markers to peanut was prospec.ed. A set of 411 SbEST-SSR primer pairs were used to amplify peanut genomic.DNA extrac.ed from c.ltivated peanut where 39% of them suc.essfully amplified. A c.mparison of amplific.tion patterns between sorghum and peanut showed similar banding pattern with majority of transferable SbEST-SSRs. Among these transferable SSR markers, 14% have detec.ed polymorphism among 4 resistant and 4 susc.ptible peanut lines for rust and late leaf spot diseases. These transferable markers will benefit peanut genome researc. by not only providing additional DNA markers for population genetic.analyses, but also allowing c.mparative mapping to be possible between peanut and sorghum—a possible monoc.t-dic.t c.mparison.

关键词： Arac.is Hypogea Transferability EST-SSR Polymorphism

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Nature of Gene Ac.ion and Maternal Effec.s for Pod Borer, <i>Helic.verpa armigera</i>Resistanc. and Grain Yield in c.ic.pea, <i>c.c.r arietinum</i>

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Americ.n Journal of Plant Sc.enc.s 2013年第1期4卷 26-37页

作者： Vummadisetty Lakshmi Narayanamma c.olenehalli L. L. gowda Manda Sriramulu Mohammad A. Ghaffar Hari c. Sharma Ac.arya N.G. Ranga Agric.ltural University Hyderabad India International c.ops Researc. Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropic. (Ic.ISAT) Patancheru India

Information on mec.anisms and inheritanc. of resistanc. is c.itic.l to plan an effec.ive strategy to breed for resistanc. to insec. pests. Therefore, we evaluated a diverse array of c.ic.pea genotypes (eight desi and one kabuli) with varying levels of resistanc. to the pod borer, Helic.verpa armigera to gain an understanding of the nature of gene ac.ion and possible maternal effec.s. The test genotypes were c.ossed in all possible c.mbinations for a full diallel. The 72 F1s (36 direc. and 36 rec.proc.l c.osses) along with the parents were evaluated for resistanc. to H. armigera under field c.nditions, and for antibiosis mec.anism of resistanc. (larval survival and larval weight gain) by using detac.ed leaf assay under laboratory c.nditions, and grain yield under un-protec.ed c.nditions in the field. Additive gene ac.ion governed the inheritanc. of resistanc. to H. armigera, while non-additive type of gene ac.ion was predominant for inheritanc. of antibiosis c.mponent of resistanc. (larval survival and larval weight) and grain yield. Greater magnitude of σ2 A(17.39 and 1.42) than σ2 D (3.93 and 1.21) indic.ted the preponderanc. of σ2 Ain inheritanc. of resistanc. to pod borer, H. armigera under laboratory and field c.nditions, respec.ively. There were no maternal effec.s for inheritanc. of resistanc. to pod borer and grain yield. Lines with signific.nt gc. effec.s for pod borer damage and grain yield were identified for further use in the resistanc. breeding program. The implic.tions of the inheritanc. pattern of pod borer resistanc. and grain yield are disc.ssed in the c.ntext of strategies to enhanc. pod borer resistanc. and grain yield in c.ic.pea.

关键词： c.ic.pea Pod Borer Helic.verpa armigera Gene Ac.ion Antibiosis Maternal Effec.s c.mbining Ability Inheritanc. of Resistanc.

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Heat units-based potential yield assessment for c.tton produc.ion in Uzbekistan

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International Journal of Agric.ltural and Biologic.l Engineering 2021年第6期14卷 137-144页

作者： Gianni Montanaro Vinay Nangia Prasanna gowda Shukhrat Mukhamedjanov Azamat Mukhamedjanov Mira Haddad Tulkun Yuldashev Weic.eng Wu International c.nter for Agric.ltural Researc. in the Dry Areas(Ic.RDA) Rabat InstitutsRue Hafiane CherkaouiRabatMorocco Forage and Livestoc. Produc.ion Researc. Unit USDA-ARS Grazinglands Research LaboratoryEl RenoOK 73036USA Sc.entific.Information c.nter of the Interstate c.ordination Water c.mmission of the c.ntral Asia(SIc.Ic.c. TashkentUzbekistan International Water Management Institute TashkentUzbekistan Key Laboratory of Digital Land and Resourc.s East China Institute of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

c.tton yields in Uzbekistan are signific.ntly lower than those in similar agro-c.imatic.regions,requiring the estimation of c.op potential and baseline yield to trac. progress of produc.ion enhanc.ment *** c.rrent study estimated potential c.tton development and baseline yield(maximum given no produc.ion c.nstraints)using total heat units(THU)and potential c.tton yield(Pc.),*** were based on heat units(HU)for a 30-year(1984-2013)***-term average THU and Pc.,as well as Pc. at three different exc.edanc. probabilities(p=0.99,p=0.80,and p=0.75),were c.lc.lated for 21 selec.ed weather stations ac.oss c.tton-growing areas of *** c.nfirmation that the c.rrent planting date(April 15)is optimal,a c.mparison of THU with the ac.epted c.tton produc.ion c.toff threshold(1444°c.suggested that areas with lower elevations and latitudes are more appropriate for c.tton *** gap analysis(relative differenc. between long-term average Pc. and ac.ual yields)c.nfirmed that Uzbekistan c.tton produc.ion is below potential,while the spatial distribution of yield gaps outlined where efforts should be *** near the stations of Nukus,Kungrad,c.imbay,and Syrdarya should be further investigated as benefit/c.st ratio is highest in these areas.A c.mparison between state-set yield targets and Pc. values,taking into ac.ount c.imatic.variability,suggested that all areas exc.pt Jaslyk,Nurata,and Samarkand have safe,appropriate *** results present a starting-point to aid in strategic.ac.ions for Uzbekistan c.tton produc.ion improvement.

关键词： c.tton potential c.tton yield yield gap heat unit Uzbekistan agric.lture c.imatic.variability target

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Mothbean: A Potential Summer c.op for the Southern Great Plains

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Americ.n Journal of Plant Sc.enc.s 2018年第7期9卷 1391-1402页

作者： Gurjinder S. Baath Brian K. Northup Prasanna H. gowda Kenneth E. Turner Alex c. Roc.teli Department of Plant and Soil Sc.enc.s Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK USA Grazinglands Researc. Laboratory USDA-ARS El Reno OK USA

Low nutritive value of available warm-season grasses during July through September limits the produc.ion of yearling stoc.er c.ttle in the southern Great Plains (SGP). There has been a c.ntinual exploration of spec.es with the c.pac.ty to provide high quality forage during summer. Mothbean (Vigna ac.nitifolia [Jac..] Marec.al), a short-duration, drought tolerant c.op is a promising c.oic. for the SGP. This preliminary study evaluated the potential of mothbean as a summer c.op for forage, grain or green manure. Results of this study with 10 mothbean lines from a range of geographic.loc.tions suggested that c.op c.uld be harvested 100 days after planting with dry biomass yield range of 7.3 - 18.1 Mg·ha-1. Mothbean forage c.ntained 10.8% - 14.6% c.ude protein (c.), 32.0% - 41.7% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 20.7% - 29.6% ac.d detergent fiber (ADF), and 73% - 84% in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) at maturity. Grain yield of the 10 mothbean lines varied from 91 to 1040 kg·ha-1. The 10 tested lines generated a high amount of nitrogen (N) ric. biomass at maturity with total ac.umulated N of 163 - 316 kg·ha-1 and a c.N ratio of 16:1 to 22:1. Overall, performanc. indic.tors suggested that mothbean has c.nsiderable potential as an alternative c.op for produc.ion of forage, grain, or green manure when grown as summer c.op in rotation with winter wheat. Future researc. should foc.s on evaluating mothbean within different c.op settings to define its c.pac.ty as green manure or summer forage to support produc.ion of stoc.er c.ttle in the SGP.

关键词： Forage Quality Forage Yield Grain Legumes Green Manure Drought Toleranc.

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Susc.ptibility of Different Populations of Nilaparvata lugens from Major Ric. Growing Areas of Karnataka, India to Different Groups of Insec.ic.des

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Ric. sc.enc. 2013年第5期20卷 371-378页

作者： Y. S. BASANTH V. T. SANNAVEERAPPANAVAR D. K. SIDDE gowda Senior Researc. Fellow NAIP project NBAII (ICAR) P.B. No. 2491 H.A.Farm Post HebbalBangalore 560024 Karnataka India Dean (Agric.lture) & Professor of Entomology College of Agriculture V.C. FarmMandya 571405 Karnataka India Ric. Entomologist Zonal Agricultural Research Station V.C. FarmMandya 571405 Karnataka India

Susc.ptibility to insec.ic.des was investigated by c.llec.ing field populations of brown planthopper from different loc.tions of southern Karnataka, India （Gangavati, Kathalagere, Kollegala, Soraba and Mandya）. All the field populations differed in their susc.ptibility to insec.ic.des. In general, Soraba and Mandya populations were more susc.ptible to insec.ic.des c.mpared to Gangavati and Kathalagere populations. The resistanc. ratios varied greatly among the populations viz., c.lorpyriphos （1.13- to 16.82-fold）, imidac.oprid （0.53- to 13.50-fold）, ac.phate （1.34- to 5.32-fold）, fipronil （1.13- to 4.06-fold）, thiamethoxam （1.01- to 2.19-fold）, c.othianidin （1.92- to 4.86-fold）, dinotefuran （0.82- to 2.22- fold）, buprofezin （1.06- to 5.43-fold） and c.rbofuran （0.41- to 2.17-fold）. The populations from Gangavati Kathalagere and Kollegala exhibited higher resistanc. to some of the old insec.ic.des and low resistanc. to new molec.les.

关键词： Nilaparvata/ugens insec.ic.de susc.ptibility resistanc.

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Diversific.tion of primary gene pool through introgression of resistanc. to foliar diseases from synthetic.amphidiploids to c.ltivated groundnut(Arac.is hypogaea L.)

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The c.op Journal 2014年第Z1期2卷 110-119页

作者： Varsha Kumari M.V.c.gowda Vinod Tasiwal Manish K.Pandey Ramesh S.Bhat Nalini Mallikarjuna Hari D.Upadhyaya Rajeev K.Varshney Department of Genetic. and Plant Breeding University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad International c.ops Researc. Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropic. Department of Plant Pathology University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad Department of Biotec.nology University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad c.IAR Generation c.allenge Programme c/o CIMMYT

Groundnut(Arac.is hypogaea L.)is widely grown and c.nsumed around the world and is c.nsidered to have originated from a single hybridization event between two wild *** utilization of wild germplasm in breeding programs has been restric.ed by reproduc.ive barriers between wild and c.ltivated spec.es and tec.nic.l diffic.lties in making large numbers of *** to overc.me these hurdles have resulted in the development of synthetic.amphidiploids,namely ISATGR 278-18(Arac.is duranesis×Arac.is batizoc.i)and ISATGR 5B(Arac.is magna×***),whic. possess several desirable traits,inc.uding resistanc. to foliar diseases that generally c.use huge yield losses annually in groundnut growing areas of Asia,Americ.,and *** an objec.ive to improve foliar disease resistanc.,the primary gene pool was diversified by introgressing foliar disease resistanc. in five c.ltivated genotypes(Ic.V 91114,Ic.S 76,Ic.V 91278,JL 24,and DH 86)from synthetic.amphidiploids using a bac.c.oss breeding *** introgression lines with resistanc. to two foliar diseases(rust and late leaf spot)were identified with levels of resistanc. equal to the *** bac.c.oss derived lines have shown a wide range of variation for several morphologic.l and agronomic.*** lines,after further evaluation and selec.ion,c.n serve as donors in future breeding programs aimed atdeveloping improved c.ltivars with desirable agronomic.traits,high resilienc. to biotic.abiotic.stresses and a broadened genetic.base.

关键词： Groundnut Peanut Wild spec.es Wide c.osses Interspec.fic hybridization

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