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A progressive framework for rotary motion deblurring

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 159-172页

作者： Jinhui Qin Yong Ma Jun Huang Fan Fan You du School of Electronic Information Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

The rotary motion deblurring is an inevitable procedure when the imaging seeker is mounted in the rotating *** rotary motion deblurring methods suffer from ringing artifacts and noise,especially for large blur *** solve the above problems,we propose a progressive rotary motion deblurring framework consisting of a coarse deblurring stage and a refinement *** the first stage,we design an adaptive blur extents factor(BE factor)to balance noise suppression and details *** a novel deconvolution model is proposed based on BE *** the second stage,a triplescale deformable module CNN(TDM-CNN)is designed to reduce the ringing artifacts,which can exploit the 2D information of an image and adaptively adjust spatial sampling *** establish a standard evaluation benchmark,a real-world rotary motion blur dataset is proposed and released,which includes rotary blurred images and corresponding ground truth images with different blur *** results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art models on synthetic and real-world rotary motion blur *** code and dataset are available at https://***/JinhuiQin/RotaryDeblurring.

关键词： Rotary motion deblurring Progressive framework Blur extents factor TDM-CNN

Kinetics and mechanism of propylene hydro-oxidation to acrolein on Au catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 354-363页

作者： Wei du Zhihua Zhang Nan Song Xuezhi duan Xinggui Zhou State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Propylene epoxidation by H_(2)and O_(2)to propylene oxide(PO)over the Au-Ti bifunctional catalysts,as an ideal reaction for PO production,has attracted great *** the mechanism of acrolein formation is of great importance for understanding the mechanism of molecular oxygen activation and the formation of hydroperoxo species on the Au ***,we investigate the reaction mechanism of propylene oxidation to acrolein on the Au/uncalcined TS-1(Au/TS-1-B)catalyst through a combination of multiple characterization,H_(2)/D_(2)exchange,kinetics experiment,and *** Ti sites are found to be non-essential to acrolein ***,the acrolein formation on the Au/TS-1-B catalyst is confirmed to be promoted by H_(2)through hydroperoxo species formation,which includes two main steps:propylene dehydrogenation to*C_(3)H_(5)with the aid of*OOH species,and*C_(3)H_(5)oxidation by*OOH to *** latter step is determined to be the rate-determining step because the corresponding kinetics model gives the best description for experimental *** work not only provides kinetics insights for the propylene hydro-oxidation to acrolein on the Au-Ti bifunctional catalysts,but also facilitates the rational design of Au catalysts with high activity and selectivity in the direct propylene epoxidation with H_(2)and O_(2).

关键词： kinetics mechanism gold acrolein hydro-oxidation

A general descriptor for guiding the electrolysis of CO_(2)in molten carbonate

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 748-757页

作者： Zhengshan Yang Bowen Deng Kaifa du Huayi Yin Dihua Wang School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

Molten carbonate is an excellent electrolyte for the electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)to carbonaceous ***,the electrolyte–electrode-reaction relationship has not been well ***,we propose a general descriptor,the CO_(2)activity,to reveal the electrolyte–electrode-reaction relationship by thermodynamic calculations and experimental *** studies agree well with theoretical predictions that both cations(Li^(+),Ca^(2+),Sr^(2+)and Ba^(2+))and anions(BO_(2)^(-),Ti_(5)O_(14)^(8-),SiO_(3)^(2-))can modulate the CO_(2)activity to control both cathode and anode reactions in a typical molten carbonate electrolyzer in terms of tuning reaction products and *** this regard,the reduction of CO_(3)^(2-)can be interpreted as the direct reduction of CO_(2)generated from the dissociated CO_(3)^(2-),and the CO_(2)activity can be used as a general descriptor to predict the electrode reaction in molten ***,the CO_(2)activity descriptor unlocks the electrolyte–electrode-reaction relationship,thereby providing fundamental insights into guiding molten carbonate CO_(2)electrolysis.

关键词： Molten carbonate CO_(2)activity CO_(2)RR Electrolyte engineering Carbon

Review on the design of high-strength and hydrogen-embrittlement-resistant steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1572-1589页

作者： Zhiyu du Rongjian Shi Xingyu Peng Kewei Gao Xiaolu Pang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute for Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110010China

Given the carbon peak and carbon neutrality era,there is an urgent need to develop high-strength steel with remarkable hydrogen embrittlement *** is crucial in enhancing toughness and ensuring the utilization of hydrogen in emerging iron and steel ***,the pursuit of enhanced metallic materials presents a cross-disciplinary scientific and engineering *** high-strength,toughened steel with both enhanced strength and hydrogen embrittlement(HE)resistance holds significant theoretical and practical *** ensures secure hydrogen utilization and further carbon neutrality objectives within the iron and steel *** on the design principles of high-strength steel HE resistance,this review provides a comprehensive overview of research on designing surface HE resistance and employing nanosized precipitates as intragranular hydrogen *** also proposes feasible recommendations and prospects for designing high-strength steel with enhanced HE resistance.

关键词： hydrogen embrittlement surface design hydrogen traps nanosized precipitates

Co-electrolysis of ethylene glycol and carbon dioxide for formate synthesis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1539-1544页

作者： Dongfeng du Fusong Kang Shiru Yang Bin Shao Jingshan Luo Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and CellsKey Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of TianjinMinistry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Co-electrolysis of waste plastics and carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) into value-added chemicals or fuels is a promising pathway for a sustainable society, but efficient and selective conversion remains a challenge. Herein, a gold-mediated nickel hydroxide(Au/Ni(OH)_(2)) is developed to oxidize waste plastic-derived ethylene glycol(EG) into formate. In-situ electrochemical experiments and theoretical results reveal that the introduction of Au favors the redox properties and EG adsorption behavior of Ni(OH)_(2). The Au/Ni(OH)_(2) catalyst shows an excellent formate selectivity of >90% at high current densities of above 100 m A cm^(-2). When coupled with sputtered bismuth(Bi) cathode for CO_(2) reduction, a high formate Faradic efficiency(FE) of 188.2% at 200 m A cm^(-2)and a good formate productivity of 7.33 mmol m^(-2)s^(-1)at 10 A are obtained in a flow cell and a zero-gap membrane electrode assembly(MEA) cell, respectively. This work demonstrates a promising strategy to convert waste plastics and CO_(2) into valuable products.

关键词： waste plastic upcycling ethylene glycol oxidation carbon dioxide reduction electrocatalysis formate synthesis

Body-force modeling considering induced upstream effects for a transonic compressor with total temperature distortion

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 7-19页

作者： Jiahui QIU Chen YANG Wenqiang ZHANG Min ZHANG Juan du Digital Twin Research Center Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering and Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

To numerically study the impact of total temperature distortion on a transonic compressor with reduced computational costs,a Body-Force Model(BFM)is ***,the interactions between the distorted flow and the compressor are analyzed using full-annulus Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)results and the orbit *** is found that the induced swirl distortion and the mass flux nonuniformity are intensified in the compressor upstream flow field.A correction factor is thus added to the BFM to account for the effect of the induced swirl,which is crucial for the accurate representation of distortion transfer in the ***,steady simulations with large-amplitude 180circumferential total temperature distortion are performed using the developed *** is shown that the distorted compressor map simulated with the BFM matches well with URANS *** circumferential phase shift of total temperature and the generation of the additional total pressure distortion across the rotor are in line with the time-averaged URANS flow *** compressor upstream effects on the distorted inflow can also be exactly *** above-mentioned results demonstrate the BFM developed in this paper can effectively capture the distorted flow features inside the compressor,and significantly reduce the computational costs by five orders of magnitude compared with URANS.

关键词： Upstream effect Orbit method Induced swirl distortion Body force model Correction factor Time-averaged URANS

Efficient nitrite-to-ammonia electroreduction over Zr-Ni frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1707-1714页

作者： Ying Zhang Zhuohang Li Wenyu du Kai Chen Ke Chu School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Electrochemical NO_(2)~--to-NH_(3) conversion(NO_(2)RR) offers a green route to NH_(3) electrosynthesis, while developing efficient NO_(2)RR catalysis systems at high current densities remains a grand challenge. Herein, we report an efficient Zr-NiO catalyst with atomically dispersed Zr-dopants incorporated in NiO lattice, delivering the exceptional NO_(2)RR performance with industriallevel current density(>0.2 A cm^(-2)). In situ spectroscopic measurements and theoretical simulations reveal the construction of ZrNi frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs(FLPs) on Zr-Ni O, which can substantially increase the number of absorbed nitrite(NO_(2)~-),promote the activation and protonation of NO_(2)~- and concurrently hamper the H coverage, boosting the activity and selectivity of Zr-NiO towards the NO_(2)RR. Remarkably, Zr-NiO exhibits the exceptional performance in a flow cell with high Faradaic efficiency for NH_(3) of 94.0% and NH_(3)yield rate of 1,394.1 μmol h^(-1)cm^(-2) at an industrial-level current density of 228.2 m A cm^(-2),placing it among the best NO_(2)RR electrocatalysts for NH_(3) production.

关键词： electrochemical nitrite-to-ammonia conversion frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs(FLPs) in situ spectroscopy theoretical computations

Numerical simulation of granular silicon growth and silicon fines formation process in polysilicon fluidized bed

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 74-86页

作者： Guangkai Gu Guoqiang Lv Wenhui Ma Shanlin du Boqiang Fu Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Cleaning Utilization in Yunnan Province Kunming 650093China

Operating conditions strongly affect the yield and quality of polysilicon in a polysilicon fluidized *** this study,a new model of polysilicon fluidized bed was established using the Euler-Euler model coupled with population balance model(PBM),which was combined with fluid flow,heat,and mass transfer models,while considering the scavenging effect of silicon *** effects of different operating conditions on the deposition and formation rates of silicon fines were *** show that the model can correctly describe the particle growth process in the fluidized bed of *** silicon fines and the interphase velocity difference show"N"-and"M"-shaped distributions along the axial direction,*** particle temperature and concentration near the wall are higher than those in the central *** decomposition of silane in the bottom region of the bed is dominated by het-erogeneous *** scavenging of silicon fines occurs in the dilute-phase *** effects of operating conditions,*** gas temperature,silane composition,and gas velocity,on the reactor performance were also explored *** the inlet gas composition and velocity enhances the formation rates of solid silicon and *** the inlet gas temperature promotes the growth of solid silicon and inhibits the formation of silicon *** fluidization ratio,low inlet silane concentration,and high inlet gas temperature enhance the selectivity of silicon growth.

关键词： Polysilicon fluidized bed Particle growth Fines CFD Population balance model(PBM)

Comparison of Direct Pore-Scale and Volume-Averaging Methods for the Performance Evaluation of Porous Volumetric Solar Receiver

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1607-1617页

作者： du Shen HE Yaling LI Dong LIU Zhanbin LI Mengjie National Innovation Platform(Center)for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of EducationXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Direct pore-scale and volume-averaging numerical simulations are two methods for investigating the performance of porous volumetric solar *** clarify the difference in the prediction of heat transfer processes,a direct comparison between these two methods was conducted at both steady state and transient *** numerical models were established based on X-ray computed tomography scans and a local thermal non-equilibrium model,*** empirical parameters,which are indispensable to the volume-averaging simulation,were determined by Monte Carlo ray tracing and direct pore-scale numerical *** predicted outlet air temperature of the receiver by the volume-averaging simulation method corresponded satisfactorily to that in the direct pore-scale *** largest discrepancies were observed when the receiver's working temperature was elevated,with differences of 5.5%and 3.68%for the steady state and transient state simulations,***,the volume-averaging method is incapable of capturing the local temperature information of the air and porous *** underestimates the inlet temperature of the receiver,leading to an overestimation of the receiver's thermal efficiency,with the largest difference being 6.51%.The comparison results show that the volume-averaging model is a good approximation to the pore-scale model when the empirical parameters are carefully selected.

关键词： porous media volumetric solar receiver pore-scale method volume-averaging method thermal performance