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Central Aggregator Intrusion Detection System for Denial of Service Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2363-2377页

作者： Sajjad Ahmad Imran raza MHasan Jamal Sirojiddin Djuraev Soojung Hur Imran ashraf Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering New Uzbekistan UniversityTashkent100007Uzbekistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-si38541Korea

Vehicle-to-grid technology is an emerging field that allows unused power from Electric Vehicles(EVs)to be used by the smart grid through the central *** the central aggregator is connected to the smart grid through a wireless network,it is prone to cyber-attacks that can be detected and mitigated using an intrusion detection ***,existing intrusion detection systems cannot be used in the vehicle-to-grid network because of the special requirements and characteristics of the vehicle-to-grid *** this paper,the effect of denial-of-service attacks of malicious electric vehicles on the central aggregator of the vehicle-to-grid network is investigated and an intrusion detection system for the vehicle-to-grid network is *** proposed system,central aggregator–intrusion detection system(CA-IDS),works as a security gateway for EVs to analyze andmonitor incoming traffic for possible DoS *** are registered with a Central Aggregator(CAG)to exchange authenticated messages,and malicious EVs are added to a blacklist for violating a set of predefined policies to limit their interaction with the CAG.A denial of service(DoS)attack is simulated at CAG in a vehicle-to-grid(V2G)network manipulating various network parameters such as transmission overhead,receiving capacity of destination,average packet size,and channel *** proposed system is compared with existing intrusion detection systems using different parameters such as throughput,jitter,and *** analysis shows that the proposed system has a higher throughput,lower jitter,and higher accuracy as compared to the existing schemes.

关键词： Denial of service attack vehicle to grid network network security network throughput

Determination of Essential Fatty Acid Composition among Mutant Lines of Canola (Brassica napus),through High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第12期51卷 1080-1085页

作者： Ghulam raza Aquil Siddique Imtiaz Ahmad Khan Muhammed Yasin ashraf Abdullah Khatri Plant Genetic Division Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tando Jam 70060 Pakistan Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan

The present study aimed to quantify the methyl esters of lenoleic acid （LA）, γ-lenolenic acid （LNA） and oleic acid （OL） in the oil of Brassica napus mutants. Five stable mutants （ROO-75/1, ROO-100/6, ROO-125/12, ROO-125/14, and ROO-125/17） of B. napus cv. ＇Rainbow＇（P） and three mutants （W97-95/16, W97-0.75/11 and W97-.075/13） of B. napus cv. ＇Westar＇（P） at M6 stage, exhibiting better yield and yield components, were analyzed for essential fatty acids. The highest seed yield was observed in the mutant （ROO-100/6） followed by ROO-125/14 of Rainbow, that is, 34% and 32% higher than their parent plants, respectively. Westar mutant W97-75/11 also showed 30% higher seed yield than its parent plant. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the composition of fatty acids indicated that OL was the most dominant fatty acid, ranging from 39.t to 66.3%; LA was second （15.3-41.6%） and LNA was third （18.1-28.9%）. Mutant ROO-125/14 showed higher OL contents than parent （Rainbow）. These results are expected to support the approval of ROO-125/14 in the National Uniform Varietal Yield Trials （NUVYT） as a new variety based on high oil quality.

关键词： Brassica high performance liquid chromatography lenoleic acid lenolenic acid oleic acid.

Structural and optical properties of Zn1-xNixTe thin films prepared by electron beam evaporation technique

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第1期25卷 22-28页

作者： Arshad Mahmood R. Rashid U. Aziz A. Shah Zahid Ali Qaiser raza Tanveer ashraf Nano Devices Laboratories National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP) P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

Zn1-xNixTe thin films with different composition(x=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) were deposited on glass substrate by electron beam evaporation technique followed by its characterization using advanced structural and optical analysis techniques. Structural properties of the prepared thin films were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD). The XRD patterns revealed that the binary compounds transformed into a ternary compound with cubic structure having preferred orientation along the c-direction with(111) planes. Composition analysis of the films was determined by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays(EDAX) and found to be in agreement with the precursor composition. Optical properties such as extinction coefficient(k) and band gap energy of these films were examined by using a spectroscopic ellipsometer. It was found that the extinction coefficient(k) increased with the addition of Ni content in the alloy. In comparison, the band gap energy was also determined by using transmission spectra and found to be agreed with that of the ellipsometric results. These analyses confirm that the band gap energy decreases with the increase of Ni content in the alloy.

关键词： E-beam evaporation Solar cells,Zn1-xNixTe Ellipsometry Extinction coefficient Band gap energy

Ontological Model for Cohesive Smart Health Services Management

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3679-3695页

作者： Muhammad raza Naqvi Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Syed Khuram Shahzad M.Usman ashraf Khalid Alsubhi Hani Moaiteq Aljahdali Le Laboratoire Génie de Production de l’École Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Tarbes(LGP-INP-ENIT) Universitéde ToulouseCEDEXTarbes65016France Department of Software Engineering Superior UniversityLahore53700Pakistan Department of Informatics&Systems University of Management&TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of Management and TechnologySialkot51310Pakistan Department of Computer Science King Abdul-Aziz UniversityJeddah21577Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21577Saudi Arabia

Health care has become an essential social-economic concern for all stakeholders(e.g.,patients,doctors,hospitals etc.),health needs,private care and the elderly class of *** massive increase in the usage of health care Internet of things(IoT)applications has great technological evolvement in human *** are various smart health care services like remote patient monitoring,diagnostic,disease-specific remote treatments and *** applications are available in a split fashion and provide solutions for variant diseases,medical resources and remote service *** main objective of this research is to provide a management platform where all these services work as a single unit to facilitate the *** ontological model of integrated healthcare services is proposed by getting requirements from various existing healthcare *** were 26 smart health care services and 26 smart health care services to classify the knowledge-based ontological *** proposed ontological model is derived from different classes,relationships,and constraints to integrate health care *** model is developed using Protégébased on each interrelated/correlated health care service having different *** querying SPARQL protocol and RDF query language(SPARQL)were used for knowledge *** Pellet Reasoner is used to check the validity and relations coherency of the proposed ontology *** to other smart health care services integration systems,the proposed ontological model provides more cohesiveness.

关键词： Ontology internet of things smart health services integration

Recent Growth of Wettability Gradient Surfaces: A Review

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Research 2022年第4期2022卷 359-379页

作者： raza Gulfam Yongping Chen jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210096China

This review reports the recent progress and future prospects of wettability gradient surfaces (WGSs), particularly focusing on the governing principles, fabrication methods, classification, characterization, and applications. While transforming the inherent wettability into artificial wettability via bioinspiration, topographic micro/nanostructures are produced with changed surface energy, resulting in new droplet wetting regimes and droplet dynamic regimes. WGSs have been mainly classified in dry and wet surfaces, depending on the apparent surface states. Wettability gradient has long been documented as a surface phenomenon inducing the droplet mobility in the direction of decreasing wettability. However, it is herein critically emphasized that the wettability gradient does not always result in droplet mobility. Indeed, the sticky and slippery dynamic regimes exist in WGSs, prohibiting or allowing the droplet mobility, respectively. Lastly, the stringent bottlenecks encountered by WGSs are highlighted along with solution-oriented recommendations, and furthermore, phase change materials are strongly anticipated as a new class in WGSs. In all, WGSs intend to open up new technological insights for applications, encompassing water harvesting, droplet and bubble manipulation, controllable microfluidic systems, and condensation heat transfer, among others.

关键词： furthermore bubble harvesting

Low Impedance Fault Identification and Classification Based on Boltzmann Machine Learning for HVDC Transmission Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 440-449页

作者： Raheel Muzzammel Ali raza the Department of Electrical Engineering University of LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan

Identification and classification of DC faults are considered as fundamentals of DC grid protection.A sudden rise of DC fault current must be identified and classified to immediately operate the corresponding interrupting *** this paper,the Boltzmann machine learning(BML)approach is proposed for identification and classification of DC faults using travelling waves generated at fault point in voltage source converter based high-voltage direct current(VSC-HVDC)transmission *** unsupervised way of feature extraction is performed on the frequency spectrum of the travelling *** class logistic regression(BCLR)classifies the HVDC transmission system into faulty and healthy *** proposed technique reduces the time for fault identification and classification because of reduced tagged data with few ***,the faults near or at converter stations are readily identified and *** performance of the proposed technique is assessed via simulations developed in MATLAB/Simulink and tested for pre-fault and post-fault data both at VSC1 and VSC2,***,the proposed technique is supported by analyzing the root mean square error to show practicality and realization with reduced computations.

关键词： Binary class logistic regression(BCLR) Boltzmann machine learning(BML) DC grid protection fault identification and classification voltage source converter based high-voltage direct current(VSC-HVDC)transmission system

Mathematical Modelling of Rotavirus Disease Through Efficient Methods

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4727-4740页

作者： Ali raza Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan

The design of evolutionary approaches has a vital role in the recent development of scientific *** tackle highly nonlinear complex problems,nonlinear ordinary differential equations,partial differential equations,stochastic differential equations,and many more may called computational *** rotavirus causes may include severe diarrhea,vomiting,and fever leading to rapid *** the report of the World Health Organization(WHO),approximately 600,000 children die worldwide each year,80 percent of whom live in developing *** million children are hospitalized each *** Asia,up to 45 percent of the children hospitalized for diarrhea may be infected with *** rotavirus model is categorized into five-compartment like susceptible(S),breastfeeding(M),vaccinated(V),infected(I),and recovered children(R).Positivity,boundedness,equilibria,reproduction number,and stability results are part of the qualitative analysis of the *** that,the design of the evolutionary approaches on the model predicts the efficiency,visualization,long-term behavior of the disease,and best results of the rotavirus *** the end,evolutionary computations are an appropriate tool for double-checking the qualitative examination of the model.

关键词： Rotavirus disease epidemic model methods comparison analysis

Travelers'attitudes toward carpooling in Lahore:motives and constraints

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2017年第4期25卷 268-278页

作者： Muhammad ashraf Javid Tahir Mehmood Hafiz Muhammad Asif Ahsan Ullah Vaince Mohsin raza College of Engineering and Architecture University of NizwaNizwaOman Department of Transportation Engineering and Management University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan Roadway Traffic and Transportation Safety Research CenterUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUAE

Traffic congestion has become a critical issue in developing countries,as it tends to increase social costs in terms of travel cost and time,energy consumption and environmental *** limited resources,reducing travel demand by influencing individuals’ travel behavior can be a better long-term *** achieve this objective,alternate travel options need to be provided so that people can commute comfortably and *** study aims to identify key motives and constraints in the consideration of carpooling policy with the help of stated preference questionnaire survey that was conducted in Lahore *** designed questionnaire includes respondents’ socioeconomic demographics,and intentions and stated preferences on carpooling *** analysis was conducted on travelers’ responses,and a structural model was developed for *** and modeling results reveal that social,environmental and economic benefits,disincentives on car use,preferential parking treatment for carpooling,and comfort and convenience attributes are significant determinants in promoting ***,people with strong belief in personal privacy,security,freedom in traveling and carpooling service constraints would have less potential to use thecarpooling *** addition,pro-auto and pro-carpooling attitudes,marital status,profession and travel purpose for carpooling are also underlying *** findings implicate that to promote carpooling policy it is required to consider appropriate incentives on this service and disincentives on use of private vehicle along with modification of people’s attitudes and intentions.

关键词： Travel behavior Travel demand management Carpooling Stated preference Questionnaire survey Lahore

Ontology Driven Testing Strategies for IoT Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5855-5869页

作者： Muhammad raza Naqvi Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Muhammad Usman ashraf Shafiq Ahmad Ahmed T.Soliman Shahzada Khurram Muhammad Shafiq Jin-Ghoo Choi INP-ENIT University of ToulouseTarbes65000France Department of Software Engineering Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan University of Management and Technology Sialkot CampusPakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Internet-of-Things(IoT)has attained a major share in embedded software *** new era of specialized intelligent systems requires adaptation of customized software engineering ***,software engineering has merged the development phases with the technologies provided by industrial *** improvements are still required in testing phase for the software developed to IoT *** research aims to assist in developing the testing strategies for IoT applications,therein ontology has been adopted as a knowledge representation technique to different software engineering *** proposed ontological model renders 101 methodology by using Protégé.After completion,the ontology was evaluated in three-dimensional view by the domain experts of software testing,IoT and ontology *** results of the research are showed in interest of the specialists regarding proposed ontology development and suggestions for *** Proposed reasoning-based ontological model for development of testing strategies in IoT application contributes to increase the general understanding of tests in addition to assisting for the development of testing strategies for different IoT devices.

关键词： Ontology software testing internet of things automation