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Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation conditioning regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in various diseases

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 32-41页

作者： Shahzaib Maqbool Maryam Farhan Baloch muhammad Abdul Khaliq Khan azeem Khalid Kiran Naimat Department of Medicine Holy Family HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Community Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahore 45000Pakistan Department of Community Dentistry Baqai Medical UniversityKarachi 43000Pakistan Department of Medicine Allama lqbal Medical CollegeLahore 45000Pakistan Department of MedicineLiaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Karachi 43000Pakistan

Conditioning regimens employed in autologous stem cell transplantation have been proven useful in various hematological disorders and underlying malignancies;however,despite being efficacious in various instances,negative consequences have also been recorded.Multiple conditioning regimens were extracted from various literature searches from databases like PubMed,Google scholar,EMBASE,and Cochrane.Conditioning regimens for each disease were compared by using various end points such as overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS),and leukemia free survival(LFS).Variables were presented on graphs and analyzed to conclude a more efficacious conditioning regimen.In multiple myeloma,the most effective regimen was high dose melphalan(MEL)given at a dose of 200/mg/m2.The comparative results of acute myeloid leukemia were presented and the regimens that proved to be at an admirable position were busulfan(BU)+MEL regarding OS and BU+VP16 regarding LFS.In case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),BU,fludarabine,and etoposide(BuFluVP)conferred good disease control not only with a paramount improvement in survival rate but also low risk of recurrence.However,for ALL,chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cell therapy was preferred in the context of better OS and LFS.With respect to Hodgkin’s lymphoma,mitoxantrone(MITO)/MEL overtook carmustine,VP16,cytarabine,and MEL in view of PFS and vice versa regarding OS.Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients were administered MITO(60 mg/m2)and MEL(180 mg/m2)which showed promising results.Lastly,amyloidosis was considered,and the regimen that proved to be competent was MEL 200(200 mg/m2).This review article demonstrates a comparison between various conditioning regimens employed in different diseases.

关键词： Conditioning regimens Multiple myeloma Lymphoma Hodgkin Non-Hodgkin Acute leukemia

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Enhancing cotton resilience to challenging climates through genetic modifications

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 196-206页

作者： AHMED Ali Ijaz KHAN azeem Iqbal NEGM Mohamed A.M. IQBAL Rida AZHAR muhammad Tehseen KHAN Sultan Habibullah RANA Iqrar Ahmad Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Cotton Research Institute-Giza GizaEgypt Centre for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security University of AgricultureFaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan School of Agriculture Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China

Cotton is one of the most important fiber crops that plays a vital role in the textile industry.Its production has been unstable over the years due to climate change induced biotic stresses such as insects,diseases,and weeds,as well as abiotic stresses including drought,salinity,heat,and cold.Traditional breeding methods have been used to breed climate resilient cotton,but it requires a considerable amount of time to enhance crop tolerance to insect pests and changing climatic conditions.A promising strategy for improving tolerance against these stresses is genetic engineering.This review article discusses the role of genetic engineering in cotton improvement.The essential concepts and techniques include genome editing via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(CRISPR-Cas9),overexpression of target genes,downregulation using RNA interference(RNAi),and virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS).Notably,the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has made significant contributions to using these techniques for obtaining stable transgenic plants.

关键词： Cotton Genome editing Drought Salinity Heat

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马丁·布伯对话理论视域下教师期望效应的生成与利用

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教师教育论坛 2023年第7期36卷 75-83页

作者：黄国芹 ashraf muhammad azeem 湖南大学教育科学研究院长沙410082

教师期望效应,又称罗森塔尔效应,其内涵是指教师通过显性或隐性的途径,传递自己对于学生的期望,会使学生朝着教师期望的方向发展。基于马丁·布伯的“对话理论”,教师期望效应依赖于“教育是一种对话”的对话性生成基础;表现为以“非介... 详细信息

教师期望效应,又称罗森塔尔效应,其内涵是指教师通过显性或隐性的途径,传递自己对于学生的期望,会使学生朝着教师期望的方向发展。基于马丁·布伯的“对话理论”,教师期望效应依赖于“教育是一种对话”的对话性生成基础;表现为以“非介质性”“相互性”以及“转向性”为特征的对话性生成阶段;酝酿成师生双向奔赴、共同成长的对话性生成归宿。“双减”之下,亟需加强师生之间的情感交流,构建“我—你”型师生关系,并在此基础上,通过走进学生个体形成正确的教师期望内容、依据学生个体选择正确的教师期望方式、拥抱学生个体走向共生的教师期望结果,实现教师期望效应的价值最大化。

关键词：教师期望效应对话理论非介质性相互性转向性

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Metric-Based Resolvability of Quartz Structure

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 2053-2071页

作者： muhammad Imran Ali Ahmad muhammad azeem Kashif Elahi Department of Mathematical Sciences United Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates College of Computer Science&Information Technology Jazan University JazanSaudi Arabia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaMalaysia Deanship of E-learning and Information Technology Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia

Silica has three major varieties of crystalline. Quartz is the main andabundant ingredient in the crust of our earth. While other varieties are formedby the heating of quartz. Silica quartz is a rich chemical structure containingenormous properties. Any chemical network or structure can be transformedinto a graph, where atoms become vertices and the bonds are converted toedges, between vertices. This makes a complex network easy to visualize towork on it. There are many concepts to work on chemical structures in termsof graph theory but the resolvability parameters of a graph are quite advanceand applicable topic. Resolvability parameters of a graph is a way to getting agraph into unique form, like each vertex or edge has a unique identification bymeans of some selected vertices, which depends on the distance of vertices andits pattern in a particular graph. We have dealt some resolvability parametersof SiO2 quartz. We computed the resolving set for quartz structure and itsvariants, wherein we proved that all the variants of resolvability parameters ofquartz structures are constant and do not depend on the order of the graph.

关键词： Quartz polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon related structure metric dimension metric or distance-based resolvability parameters

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Algebraic Properties for Molecular Structure of Magnesium Iodide

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第5期135卷 1131-1146页

作者： Ali N.A.Koam Ali Ahmad muhammad azeem muhammad Kamran Siddiqui Department of Mathematics College of ScienceNew CampusJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Information Technology Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied SciencesRiphah International UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahorePakistan

As an inorganic chemical,magnesium iodide has a significant crystalline structure.It is a complex and multifunctional substance that has the potential to be used in a wide range of medical advancements.Molecular graph theory,on the other hand,provides a sufficient and cost-effective method of investigating chemical structures and networks.M-polynomial is a relatively new method for studying chemical networks and structures in molecular graph theory.It displays numerical descriptors in algebraic form and highlights molecular features in the form of a polynomial function.We present a polynomials display of magnesium iodide structure and calculate several M-polynomials in this paper,particularly the M-polynomials of the augmented Zagreb index,inverse sum index,hyper Zagreb index and for the symmetric division index.

关键词： Magnesium iodide M-polynomials algebraic properties of magnesium iodide algebraic formation of numerics of magnesium iodide

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Entropies of the Y-Junction Type Nanostructures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第6期135卷 2665-2679页

作者： Ricai Luo Aisha Javed muhammad azeem muhammad Kamran Jamil Hassan Raza muhammad Yasir Ilyas School of Mathematics and Physics Hechi UniversityYizhou456300China Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied SciencesRiphah International UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Mathematical Sciences College of Science and TechnologyWenzhou-Kean UniversityWenzhou325060China Department of Physics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore54000Pakistan

Recent research on nanostructures has demonstrated their importance and application in a variety of fields.Nanostructures are used directly or indirectly in drug delivery systems,medicine and pharmaceuticals,biological sensors,photodetectors,transistors,optical and electronic devices,and so on.The discovery of carbon nanotubes with Y-shaped junctions is motivated by the development of future advanced electronic devices.Because of their interactionwithY-junctions,electronic switches,amplifiers,and three-terminal transistors are of particular interest.Entropy is a concept that determines the uncertainty of a system or network.Entropy concepts are also used in biology,chemistry,and applied mathematics.Based on the requirements,entropy in the form of a graph can be classified into several types.In 1955,graph-based entropy was introduced.One of the types of entropy is edgeweighted entropy.We examined the abstract form of Y-shaped junctions in this study.Some edge-weight-based entropy formulas for the generic view of Y-shaped junctions were created,and some edge-weighted and topological index-based concepts for Y-shaped junctions were discussed in the present paper.

关键词： Y-shaped junctions three-terminal junctions nanostuctures entropy carbon nanotube

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Asymmetric nexus between commercial policies and consumption‑based carbon emissions:new evidence from Pakistan

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 865-888页

作者： muhammad Zubair Chishti Hafiz Syed muhammad azeem muhammad Kamran Khan School of Business Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina School of Economics Quaid I Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Economic University of ChakwalChakwalPunjabPakistan Ministry of Finance Government of PakistanIslamabadPakistan Management studies department Bahria Business SchoolBahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan

The current study extends the previous literature by exploring the effects of a newly discovered driver,i.e.,import taxes(as a proxy for commercial policies),on the consumption-based carbon emissions(CCO2e)for 1990Q1-2017Q4.For empirical analysis,several tests and methods,including Augmented Dickey–Fuller unit root test,Zivot–Andrews unit root test,asymmetric cointegration bound testing approach,non-linear ARDL,Wald-test,Granger causality test and wavelet quantile correlation(WQC)method are utilized.Furthermore,NARDL technique estimates reveal that contractionary commercial policy enhances the environmental quality by disrupting the detrimental effects of CCO2e.However,expansionary commercial policy escalates the environmental pollution by boosting the carbon emissions.Also,the exports and the renewable energy improve the ecological quality;however,GDP deteriorates the atmospheric quality by increasing the CCO2e.Besides,WQC method and the trivariate Granger causality test are deployed to confirm the robustness of the results.Based on the findings,some crucial policies are also recommended for sustainable and green development in Pakistan.

关键词： Commercial policies Consumption-based carbon emissions Asymmetric ARDL Wavelet quantile correlation(WQC) Pakistan

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Metric Basis of Four-Dimensional Klein Bottle

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第9期136卷 3011-3024页

作者： Ali N.A.Koam Ali Ahmad Maryam Salem Alatawi muhammad azeem muhammad Faisal Nadeem Department of Mathematics College of SciencesNew CampusJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia College of Computer Science&Information Technology Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Riphah Institute of Computing and Applied SciencesRiphah International UniversityLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahorePakistan

The Metric of a graph plays an essential role in the arrangement of different dimensional structures and finding their basis in various terms.The metric dimension of a graph is the selection of the minimum possible number of vertices so that each vertex of the graph is distinctively defined by its vector of distances to the set of selected vertices.This set of selected vertices is known as the metric basis of a graph.In applied mathematics or computer science,the topic of metric basis is considered as locating number or locating set,and it has applications in robot navigation and finding a beacon set of a computer network.Due to the vast applications of this concept in computer science,optimization problems,and also in chemistry enormous research has been conducted.To extend this research to a four-dimensional structure,we studied the metric basis of the Klein bottle and proved that the Klein bottle has a constant metric dimension for the variation of all its parameters.Although the metric basis is variying in 3 and 4 values when the values of its parameter change,it remains constant and unchanged concerning its order or number of vertices.The methodology of determining the metric basis or locating set is based on the distances of a graph.Therefore,we proved the main theorems in distance forms.

关键词： Klein bottle metric basis resolving set metric dimension

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A Secure Key Agreement Scheme for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles-Based Crowd Monitoring System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 6141-6158页

作者： Bander Alzahrani Ahmed Barnawi azeem Irshad Areej Alhothali Reem Alotaibi muhammad Shafiq Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic University IslamabadPakistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have recently attractedwidespread attention in civil and commercial applications.For example,UAVs(or drone)technology is increasingly used in crowd monitoring solutions due to its wider air footprint and the ability to capture data in real time.However,due to the open atmosphere,drones can easily be lost or captured by attackers when reporting information to the crowd management center.In addition,the attackers may initiate malicious detection to disrupt the crowd-sensing communication network.Therefore,security and privacy are one of the most significant challenges faced by drones or the Internet of Drones(IoD)that supports the Internet of Things(IoT).In the literature,we can find some authenticated key agreement(AKA)schemes to protect access control between entities involved in the IoD environment.However,the AKA scheme involves many vulnerabilities in terms of security and privacy.In this paper,we propose an enhancedAKAsolution for crowdmonitoring applications that require secure communication between drones and controlling entities.Our scheme supports key security features,including anti-forgery attacks,and confirms user privacy.The security characteristics of our scheme are analyzed byNS2 simulation and verified by a random oracle model.Our simulation results and proofs show that the proposed scheme sufficiently guarantees the security of crowd-aware communication.

关键词： IoT unmanned aerial vehicles authentication crowd monitoring

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Industrial Automation Information Analogy for Smart Grid Security

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3985-3999页

作者： muhammad Asif Ishfaq Ali Shahbaz Ahmad azeem Irshad Akber Abid Gardezi Fawaz Alassery Habib Hamam muhammad Shafiq Department of Computer Science National Textile UniversityFaisalabad37610PunjabPakistan Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Moncton UniversityNBE1A3E9Canada Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Industrial automation or assembly automation is a strictly monitored environment,in which changes occur at a good speed.There are many types of entities in the focusing environment,and the data generated by these devices is huge.In addition,because the robustness is achieved by sensing redundant data,the data becomes larger.The data generating device,whether it is a sensing device or a physical device,streams the data to a higher-level deception device for calculation,so that it can be driven and configured according to the updated conditions.With the emergence of the Industry 4.0 concept that includes a variety of automation technologies,various data is generated through numerous devices.Therefore,the data generated for industrial automation requires unique Information Architecture(IA).IA should be able to satisfy hard real-time constraints to spontaneously change the environment and the instantaneous configuration of all participants.To understand its applicability,we used an example smart grid analogy.The smart grid system needs an IA to fulfill the communication requirements to report the hard real-time changes in the power immediately following the system.In addition,in a smart grid system,it needs to report changes on either side of the system,i.e.,consumers and suppliers configure and reconfigure the system according to the changes.In this article,we propose an analogy of a physical phenomenon.A point charge is used as a data generating device,the streamline of electric flux is used as a data flow,and the charge distribution on a closed surface is used as a configuration.Finally,the intensity changes are used in the physical process,e.g.,the smart grid.This analogy is explained by metaphors,and the structural mapping framework is used for its theoretical proof.The proposed analogy provides a theoretical basis for the development of such information architectures that can represent data flows,definition changes(deterministic and non-deterministic),events,and instantaneous configuration definitions of entiti

关键词： Industry 4.0 information architecture industrial automation

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