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Exact and heuristic formulae to compute the geodetic height from the ellipse equation

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 150-155页

作者： Mohamed Eleiche ahmed Hamdi Mansi Construction Department Faculty of EngineeringEgyptian Russian UniversityCairoEgypt Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di PisaPisaPlItaly

The conversion of the cartesian coordinates of a point to its geodetic equivalent coordinates in reference to the geodetic ellipsoid is one of the main challenges in geodesy.The ellipse equation in the meridian plane significantly influences the value of the geodetic coordinates.This research analyzes this influence and how it can contribute to their solutions.The study investigates the mathematical relation between them and presents an exact formula relating to the geodetic height and the ellipse equation.In addition,a heuristic formula for the relation between the geodetic height and the ellipse equation is proposed,which is independent of the geodetic latitude and has a relative accuracy better than 99.9 %.The calculation is stable,and the cost is low.

关键词： Ellipse equation Geodetic height Heuristic geodetic height

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Consecutive narrow and broad quasi-periodic fast-propagating wave trains associated with a flare

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 200-211页

作者： Xinping Zhou Yuandeng Shen Chengrui Zhou Zehao Tang ahmed ahmed Ibrahim College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

The excitation mechanism of coronal quasi-period fast-propagating(QFP)wave trains remains unresolved.Using Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory observations,we study a narrow and a broad QFP wave trains excited one after another during the successive eruptions of filaments hosted within a fan-spine magnetic system on October 20,2013.The consecutive occurrence of these two types of QFP wave trains in the same event provides an excellent opportunity to explore their excitation mechanisms and compare their physical parameters.Our observational results reveal that narrow and broad QFP wave trains exhibit distinct speeds,periods,energy fluxes,and relative intensity amplitudes,although originating from the same active region and being associated with the same GOES C2.9 flare.Using wavelet analysis,we find that the narrow QFP wave train shares a similar period with the flare itself,suggesting its possible excitation through the pulsed energy release in the magnetic reconnection process that generated the accompanying flare.On the other hand,the broad QFP wave train appears to be associated with the energy pulses released by the successive expansion and unwinding of filament threads.Additionally,it is plausible that the broad QFP wave train was also excited by the sequential stretching of closed magnetic field lines driven by the erupting filament.These findings shed light on the different excitation mechanisms and origins of the QFP wave trains.

关键词： narrow wave excitation

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The impact of chemotherapy-naïve open radical cystectomy delay and perioperative transfusion on the recurrence-free survival: A perioperative parameters-based nomogram

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 294-303页

作者： ahmed M.Harraz ahmed Elkarta Mohamed H.Zahran ahmed Mosbah Atallah A.Shaaban Hassan Abol-Enein Urology and Nephrology Center Mansoura UniversityEgypt

Objective: To develop and internally validate a nomogram to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) including the time to radical cystectomy (RC) and perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) as potential predictors.Methods: Patients who underwent open RC and ileal conduit between January 1996 to December 2016 were split into developing (n=948) and validating (n=237) cohorts. The time to radical cystectomy (TTC) was defined as the interval between the onset of symptoms and RC. The regression coefficients of the independent predictors obtained by Cox regression were used to construct the nomogram. Discrimination, validation, and clinical usefulness in the validation cohort were assessed by the area under the curve, the calibration plot, and decision curve analysis.Results: In the developing dataset, the 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS were 83.0%, 47.2%, and 44.4%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, independent predictors were TTC (hazards ratio [HR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.08, p<0.001), PBT (one unit: HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90, p=0.03;two or more units: HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.29-2.29, p<0.001), bilateral hydronephrosis (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.21-1.97, p<0.001), squamous cell carcinoma (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.81, p=0.001), pT3-T4 (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.41-2.22, p<0.001), lymph node status (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.21-1.95, p<0.001), and lymphovascular invasion (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.62, p=0.044). The areas under the curve in the validation dataset were 79.3%, 69.6%, and 76.2%, for 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS, respectively. Calibration plots showed considerable correspondence between predicted and actual survival probabilities. The decision curve analysis revealed a better net benefit of the nomogram.Conclusion: A nomogram with good discrimination, validation, and clinical utility was constructed utilizing TTC and PBT in addition to standard pathological criteria.

关键词： Radicalcystectomy Blood transfusion Time to radical cystectomy Survival Nomogram

Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and α-amylase inhibitors from Hippeastrum hybridum extract

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 496-504页

作者： Naila Sher Mushtaq ahmed Nadia Mushtaq Department of Biotechnology University of Science and Technology Department of Botany University of Science and Technology

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Hippeastrum hybridum（HH） as a free radical scavenger,and an inhibitor of the two enzymes i-e Alpha-amylase（α-amylase） and acetylcholinesterase（AChE）.METHODS:In this study,HH plant was preliminary analyzed for phytochemical screening and then tested for its antioxidant,anti-α-amylase,and anti-AChE efficiency via standard procedures.RESULTS:Phytochemical analysis shows the existence of different compounds;while Coumarins and quinones were absent.The total phenolic,flavonoid,and tannins content were found to be（78.52±0.69） mg GAE/g,（2.01±0.04） mg RUE/g,and（58.12±0.23） mg TAE/g of plant extract respectively.28.02%±0.02% alkaloid and 2.02%±0.05% saponins were present in the HH extract.The HH extract showed the anti-oxidant property with IC50（50%inhibition） of（151.01±0.13）(HH),（79.01±0.04）(Ascorbic acid) for ferric reducing,（91.48±0.13）(HH),（48.02±0.11）(Ascorbic acid) against Ammonium molybdenum,（156.02±0.31）(HH),（52.38±0.21）(Ascorbic acid) against DPPH,136.01±0.21（HH）,52.02±0.31（Ascorbic acid） against H2O2,and 154.12±0.03（HH）,（40.05±0.15）(Ascorbic acid)μg/mL against ABTS respectively.Statistical analysis indicated that HH caused a competitive type of inhibition of α-amylase(Vmaxremained constant and Km increases from 10.65 to84.37%) while Glucophage caused the un-competitive type of inhibition i-e both Km and Vmaxdecreased from40.49 to 69.15%and 38.86 to 69.61%respectively.The Ki,（inhibition constant）;KI,（dissociation constant）,Km,（Michaelis-Menten constant）,and IC50 were found to be62,364,68.1,and 38.08±0.22 for HH and 12,101.05,195,34.01±0.21 for Glucophage.Similarly,HH causes an anon-competitive type of inhibition of AChE i-e Km remains constant while Vmaxdecreases from 60.5%to74.1%.The calculated Ki,KI,Km,and IC50 were found to be 32,36.2,0.05,and 18.117±0.018.CONCLUSION:From the current results,it is concluded that HH extract contains bioactive compounds,and could be a good alternative to controlling oxidants,Alzheimer‘s and Type-Ⅱ diabetic diseases.

关键词： Hippeastrum hybridum acetylcholinesterase alpha-amylase antioxidant phytochemicals

Study of scalar particles through the Klein–Gordon equation under rainbow gravity effects in Bonnor–Melvin-Lambda space-time

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 113-125页

作者： Faizuddin ahmed Abdelmalek Bouzenada Department of Physics University of Science&Technology MeghalayaRi-Bhoi793101India Laboratory of theoretical and applied Physics Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi UniversityAlgeria

In our investigation,we explore the quantum dynamics of charge-free scalar particles through the Klein–Gordon equation within the framework of rainbow gravity,considering the Bonnor–Melvin-Lambda(BML)space-time background.The BML solution is characterized by the magnetic field strength along the axis of the symmetry direction which is related to the cosmological constantΛand the topological parameterαof the geometry.The behavior of charge-free scalar particles described by the Klein–Gordon equation is investigated,utilizing two sets of rainbow functions:(i)f(χ)=■,h(χ)=1 and(ii)f(χ)=1,h(χ)=1+βХ/2.Here 0<(Х=■)≤1 with E representing the particle's energy,Ep is the Planck's energy,andβis the rainbow parameter.We obtain the approximate analytical solutions for the scalar particles and conduct a thorough analysis of the obtained results.Afterwards,we study the quantum dynamics of quantum oscillator fields within this BML space-time,employing the Klein–Gordon oscillator.Here also,we choose the same sets of rainbow functions and obtain the approximate eigenvalue solution for the oscillator fields.Notably,we demonstrate that the relativistic approximate energy profiles of charge-free scalar particles and oscillator fields get influenced by the topology of the geometry and the cosmological constant.Furthermore,we show that the energy profiles of scalar particles receive modifications from the rainbow parameter and the quantum oscillator fields by both the rainbow parameter and the frequency of oscillation.

关键词： quantum fields in curved space-time relativistic wave equations solutions of wave equations bound-state special functions

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Recent advances in the diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 186-192页

作者： Taqwa ahmed Jawad Ahmad Department of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Recanati-Miller Transplantation Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States

Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is a major problem in the United States,commonly leading to hospital admission.Diagnosing DILI is difficult as it is a diagnosis of exclusion requiring a temporal relationship between drug exposure and liver injury and a thorough work up for other causes.In addition,DILI has a very variable clinical and histologic presentation that can mimic many different etiologies of liver disease.Objective scoring systems can assess the probability that a drug caused the liver injury but liver biopsy findings are not part of the criteria used in these systems.This review will address some of the recent updates to the scoring systems and the role of liver biopsy in the diagnosis of DILI.

关键词： Drug induced liver injury Liver biopsy Diagnosis RUCAM RECAM

EDSUCh:A robust ensemble data summarization method for effective medical diagnosis

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 182-189页

作者： Mohiuddin ahmed A.N.M.Bazlur Rashid School of Science Edith Cowan UniversityPerthAustralia

Identifying rare patterns for medical diagnosis is a challenging task due to heterogeneity and the volume of data.Data summarization can create a concise version of the original data that can be used for effective diagnosis.In this paper,we propose an ensemble summarization method that combines clustering and sampling to create a summary of the original data to ensure the inclusion of rare patterns.To the best of our knowledge,there has been no such technique available to augment the performance of anomaly detection techniques and simultaneously increase the efficiency of medical diagnosis.The performance of popular anomaly detection algorithms increases significantly in terms of accuracy and computational complexity when the summaries are used.Therefore,the medical diagnosis becomes more effective,and our experimental results reflect that the combination of the proposed summarization scheme and all underlying algorithms used in this paper outperforms the most popular anomaly detection techniques.

关键词： Data summarization Ensemble Medical diagnosis Sampling

Mechanical behaviour of fiber-reinforced grout in rock bolt reinforcement

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 437-453页

作者： Yingchun Li Ammar ahmed Danqi Li Deep Underground Engineering Research Center Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin UniversityKalgoorlieWA6430Australia

Grouted rock bolts subject to axial loading in the field exhibit various failure modes,among which the most predominant one is the bolt-grout interface failure.Thus,mechanical characterization of the grout is essential for understanding its performance in ground support.To date,few studies have been conducted to characterize the mechanical behaviour of fiber-reinforced grout(FRG)in rock bolt reinforcement.Here we experimentally studied the mechanical behaviour of FRG under uniaxial compression,indirect tension,and direct shear loading conditions.We also conducted a series of pullout tests of rebar bolt encapsulated with different grouts including conventional cementitious grout and FRG.FRG was developed using 15%silica fume(SF)replacement of cement(by weight)and steel fiber to achieve highstrength and crack-resistance to overcome drawbacks of the conventional grout.Two types of steel fibers including straight and wavy steel fibers were further added to enhance the grout quality.The effect of fiber shape and fiber volume proportion on the grout mechanical properties were examined.Our experimental results showed that the addition of SF and steel fiber by 1.5%fiber volume proportion could lead to the highest compressive,tensile,and shear strengths of the grout.The minimum volume of fiber that could improve the mechanical properties of grout was found at 0.5%.The scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis demonstrated that steel fibers act as an excellent bridge to prevent the cracks from propagating at the interfacial region and hence to aid in maintaining the integrity of the cementitious grout.Our laboratory pullout tests further confirmed that FRG could prevent the cylindrical grout annulus from radial crack and hence improve the rebar’s load carrying capacity.Therefore,FRG has a potential to be utilized in civil and mining applications where high-strength and crack-resistance support is required.

关键词： Fiber-reinforced grout(FRG) Steel fibers Mechanical properties Direct shear test Pullout test

Advancements in materials for hydrogen production:A review of cutting-edge technologies

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ChemPhysMater

ChemPhysMater 2024年第1期3卷 64-73页

作者： ahmed Alamiery Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversity Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM)Bangi P.O.Box 43000SelangorMalaysia

Hydrogen,a clean and versatile energy carrier,has gained significant attention as a potential solution for addressing the challenges of climate change and energy sustainability.Efficient hydrogen production relies heavily on the development of advanced materials that enable cost-effective and sustainable methods.This review article presents a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge materials used for hydrogen production,covering both traditional and emerging technologies.This article begins by briefly introducing the importance of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier and various methods used for hydrogen production.This emphasizes the critical role of these materials in enabling efficient hydrogen generation.Traditional methods,such as steam methane reforming,coal gasification,biomass gasification,and water electrolysis,are discussed,highlighting the materials used and their advantages and limitations.This review then focuses on emerging technologies that have shown promise for achieving efficient hydrogen production.Photocatalytic water splitting is explored with an emphasis on recent advancements in semiconductor-based photocatalysts and nanostructured materials for enhanced photocatalysis.Solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOEC)are examined,discussing high-temperature electrolysis materials and advancements in electrolytes and electrode materials.Biological hydrogen production and chemical looping are also discussed,highlighting the use of microorganisms,bioengineered systems,metal oxides as oxygen carriers,and catalysts for improved hydrogen generation.Advanced characterization techniques,including X-ray diffraction,spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Auger electron spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,and differential scanning calorimetry,have been used to gain insight into the properties and performances of materials.This review concludes by addressing the challenges and prospects in the field of hydrogen production materials.This highlight

关键词： Hydrogen production Cutting-edge technologies in hydrogen generation Sustainable hydrogen Clean energy