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Promise of metformin for preventing age-related cognitive dysfunction

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 503-507页

作者： Leelavathi N.Madhu Maheedhar Kodali ashok K.Shetty Institute for Regenerative Medicine Department of Molecular and Cellular MedicineTexas A&M University College of MedicineCollege StationTXUSA

The expanded lifespan of people,while a positive advance,has also amplified the prevalence of age-related disorders,which include mild cognitive impairment,dementia,and Alzheimer's ***,competent therapies that could improve the healthspan of people have great *** of the dietary and pharmacological approaches that augment the lifespan could also preserve improved cognitive function in old ***,a drug widely used for treating diabetes,is one such candidate that could alleviate age-related cognitive ***,the possible use of metformin to alleviate age-related cognitive dysfunction has met with conflicting results in human and animal *** most clinical studies have suggested the promise of metformin to maintain better cognitive function and reduce the risk for developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease in aged diabetic people,its efficacy in the nondiabetic population is still ***,a previous animal model study implied that metformin could adversely affect cognitive function in the ***,a recent animal study using multiple behavioral tests has reported that metformin treatment in late middle age improved cognitive function in old *** study also revealed that cognitionenhancing effects of metformin in aged animals were associated with the activation of the energy regulator adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,diminished neuroinflammation,inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling,and augmented autophagy in the *** proficiency of metformin to facilitate these favorable modifications in the aged hippocampus likely underlies its positive effect on cognitive ***,additional studies probing the outcomes of different doses and durations of metformin treatment at specific windows in the middle and old age across sex in nondiabetic and non-obese prototypes are required to substantiate the promise of metformin to maintain better cognitive fun

关键词： activated microglia aging autophagy cognitive dysfunction memory metformin mTOR signaling neuroinflammation

Influence of temperature dependent heat source/sink on transient MHD free convective flow in an infinite rigid impermeable vertical cylinder with chemical reaction

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Propulsion and Power Research 2023年第4期12卷 568-583页

作者： Naveen Dwivedi ashok Kumar Singh Nirmal C.Sacheti Department of Mathematics Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Department of Mathematics Sahu Jain CollegeNajibabadAffiliated to M.J.P.Rohilkhand UniversityBareilly 246763India Retired Professor Department of MathematicsCollege of ScienceSultan Qaboos UniversityAl Khod PC 123MuscatSultanate of Oman

It is increasingly apparent that the inclusion of mass transfer aspects,together with certain thermal conditions,in the momentum and energy equations governing MHD flows leads to a numbers of real life *** this in view,we have attempted an exact analysis of heat and mass transfer aspects in transient hydromagnetic free convective flow of an incompressible viscous fluid through a vertical pipe under an externally applied magnetic field,assuming presence of chemical reaction and heat source/*** governing PDEs,which simplify to a set of 3 linear ODEs in the physical set up considered here,have been solved using Laplace transform technique,with solutions for key physical variables presented in the term of Bessel and modified Bessel *** influence of governing non-dimensional parameters,namely,Hartmann number,Schmidt number,source/sink parameter,Prandtl number and chemical reaction parameter,has been illustrated on the developing velocity and some concentration *** important quantities of engineering interest-surface skin friction and volumetric flow rates-have been computed too and *** notable finding worth mentioning are:(a)heat source presence causes higher fluid velocity as compared to the heat sink;(b)all important surface shear stress can be suitably controlled,among others,by chemical reaction parameter and Schmidt *** key challenge of this study has been to obtain exact closed-form solutions of the field equations,including cumbersome Laplace *** study finds innovative applications in the emerging fields such as magnetic materials processing,chemical processes,solar energy systems,etc.

关键词： Circular cylinder Hydromagnetic transient flow Chemical reaction Source/sink Free convection

Nanocomposite egg shell powder with in situ generated silver nanoparticles using inherent collagen as reducing agent

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2020年第2期5卷 101-107页

作者： Krittirash Yorseng Suchart Siengchin Basa ashok Anumakonda Varada Rajulu Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering(TGGS)King Mongkut’s University of Technology North BangkokBangkok 10800Thailand Department of Physics University College of EngineeringOsmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India International Research Centre Kalasalingam UniversityKrishnan Kovil 626126India Natural Composite Research Group King Mongkut’s University of Technology North BangkokBangkok 10800Thailand

Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)were in situ generated in poultry hen egg shell powder(ESP)by one step thermal assisted method using the inherently present collagen as a reducing *** nanocomposite egg shell powder(NCESP)with in situ generated silver nanoparticles was charac-terized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and antibacterial *** prepared NCESP had the spherical AgNPs in the size range of 50-120 nm with most of them from 81 nm to 90 ***,the average size of the AgNPs generated in the NCESP was 88 *** X-ray analysis indicated the presence of both AgNPs and AgO nanoparticles(AgONPs)in the *** possible mechanism of generation of AgNPs and AgONPs in the NCESP was also *** thermal stability of the NCESP was found to be higher than that of the *** NCESP ex-hibited excellent antibacterial activity against both the Gram negative and positive *** NCESP made from poultry waste ESP can be utilized as a low-cost antibacterial cleaning powder for house ware and also as low-cost antibacterial filler in polymer matrices to make antibacterial hybrid nanocomposites.

关键词： Nanocomposite In situ generation Silver nanoparticle Thermal stability Antibacterial activity

Transplantation of engineered exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate diabetic peripheral neuropathy under electrical stimulation

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第8期6卷 2231-2249页

作者： Anamika Singh Alok Raghav Parvaiz Ahmad Shiekh ashok Kumar Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group Department of Biological Sciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia Centre for Nanosciences Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is a long-term complication associated with nerve dysfunction and uncontrolled *** spite of new drug discoveries,development of effective therapy is much needed to cure ***,we have developed a combinatorial approach to provide biochemical and electrical cues,considered to be important for nerve *** derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)were fused with polypyrrole nanoparticles(PpyNps)containing liposomes to deliver both the cues in a single delivery *** developed DPN rat model and injected intramuscularly the fused exosomal system to understand its long-term therapeutic *** found that the fused system along with electrical stimulation normalized the nerve conduction velocity(57.60±0.45 m/s)and compound muscle action potential(16.96±0.73 mV)similar to healthy control(58.53±1.10 m/s;18.19±1.45 mV).Gastrocnemius muscle morphology,muscle mass,and integrity were recovered after ***,we also observed paracrine effect of delivered exosomes in controlling hyperglycemia and loss in body weight and also showed attenuation of damage to the tissues such as the pancreas,kidney,and *** work provides a promising effective treatment and also contribute cutting edge therapeutic approach for the treatment of DPN.

关键词： Exosomes Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells Polypyrrole Diabetes mellitus Diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Characterization and Effect of Using Mahua Oil Biodiesel as Fuel in Compression Ignition Engine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2009年第4期18卷 382-384页

作者： N.Kapilan T.P.ashok Babu R.P.Reddy Department of Mechanical Engineering NITKSurathkal

There is an increasing interest in India, to search for suitable alternative fuels that are environment friendly. Thisled to the choice of Mahua Oil (MO) as one of the main alternative fuels to diesel. In this investigation, MahuaOil Biodiesel (MOB) and its blend with diesel were used as fuel in a single cylinder, direct injection and compressionignition engine. The MOB was prepared from MO by transesterification using methanol and potassiumhydroxide. The fuel properties of MOB are close to the diesel and confirm to the ASTM standards. From the enginetest analysis, it was observed that the MOB, B5 and B20 blend results in lower CO, HC and smoke emissionsas compared to diesel. But the B5 and B20 blends results in higher efficiency as compared to MOB. HenceMOB or blends of MOB and diesel (B5 or B20) can be used as a substitute for diesel in diesel engines used intransportation as well as in the agriculture sector.

关键词： Alternative fuel mahua oil biodiesel engine performance

Achievements and prospects of grass pea(Lathyrus sativus L.) improvement for sustainable food production

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The Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 407-416页

作者： Girish Prasad Dixit ashok Kumar Parihar Abhishek Bohra Narendra Pratap Singh ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR)

Grass pea offers an attractive choice for sustainable food production, owing to its intrinsic properties including limited water requirement and drought tolerance. However, low productivity and the presence of a neurotoxin(ODAP) have posed major obstacles to its genetic improvement. Also, biotechnological investments remain limited and the genome is complex and not well understood. Strategies that allow identification of genotypes with reduced ODAP content, coupling of low ODAP content with enhanced yield, and effective seed detoxification methods merit immediate attention. Breeder-friendly genomic tools are being increasingly made available to improve the efficiency of breeding protocols. To this end, the application of next-generation sequencing has provided a means of leveraging the repertoire of genomic resources for this somewhat neglected crop. In this review, we describe progress achieved in Lathyrus genetic improvement. We also explore potential opportunities in Lathyrus research and identify urgent research needs.

关键词： Grass pea Genetic resource Genetic improvement Molecular marker Molecular breeding Toxin

In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Jasminum humile Leaves

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第10期4卷 804-807页

作者： Parminder Nain ashok Kumar Sunil Sharma Jaspreet Nain M.M.College of Pharmacy M.M.UniversityMullana(Ambala)-133207India Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Guru Jambeshwer UniversityHisar(Haryana)-125001India

Objective:To evaluate in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Jasminum humile（***） leaves ***:Methanolic extract of *** was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity by using agar well diffusion method & their possible antioxidant assay by two complementary test systems,namely DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging *** various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as ascorbic acid for both the ***:In the DPPH & hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity,the IC50 value of methanol extract was 70.43μg/mL & 60.79μg/mL respectively. Further,the extract showed inhibitory activity for Gram-positive and negative bacteria at different *** maximum antibacterial activity of extract was exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus（***） at concentration 50 mg/mL when compared with ciprofloxacin Conclusions:These results clearly indicate that *** is effective in scavenging free radicals and has the potential to be a powerful ***,the results obtained in the present study indicate that *** leaves extract could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants and that could be used as an effective source against bacterial diseases.

关键词： Jasminum humile Methanol extract Antimicrobial activity Antioxidant activity

Design and development of a machine vision system using artificial neural network-based algorithm for automated coal characterization

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第4期8卷 737-755页

作者： Amit Kumar Gorai Simit Raval ashok Kumar Patel Snehamoy Chatterjee Tarini Gautam Department of Mining Engineering National Institute of TechnologyRourkela 769008India School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Computer Science&Engineering C.V.Raman Global UniversityBhubaneswarOdisha 752054India Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Science Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

Coal is heterogeneous in nature,and thus the characterization of coal is essential before its use for a specific ***,the current study aims to develop a machine vision system for automated coal *** model was calibrated using 80 image samples that are captured for different coal samples in different *** the images were captured in RGB color space and converted into five other color spaces(HSI,CMYK,Lab,xyz,Gray)for feature *** intensity component image of HSI color space was further transformed into four frequency components(discrete cosine transform,discrete wavelet transform,discrete Fourier transform,and Gabor filter)for the texture features extraction.A total of 280 image features was extracted and optimized using a step-wise linear regression-based algorithm for model *** datasets of the optimized features were used as an input for the model,and their respective coal characteristics(analyzed in the laboratory)were used as outputs of the *** R-squared values were found to be 0.89,0.92,0.92,and 0.84,respectively,for fixed carbon,ash content,volatile matter,and moisture *** performance of the proposed artificial neural network model was also compared with the performances of performances of Gaussian process regression,support vector regression,and radial basis neural network *** study demonstrates the potential of the machine vision system in automated coal characterization.

关键词： Coal characterization Machine vision system Artificial neural network Gaussian process regression

Electrical switching in cadmium ferrite with different rare-earth ions(Sm^(3+), Y^(3+), and La^(3+))

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Rare Metals 2015年第2期34卷 133-136页

作者： Sanjeev P.Dalawai ashok B.Gadkari Pramod N.Vasambekar Department of Electronics Shivaji University Department of Physics Gopal Krishna Gokhale College

The cadmium ferrite and 5 % rare-earth ions（Sm^3＋, Y^3＋, and La^3＋） added Cd ferrites were synthesized by oxalate co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, and scanning electron microscope（SEM） techniques. All ferrite samples under investigation exhibit current-controlled negative resistance type I–E characteristics at room temperature. The required electrical-switching field in cadmium ferrite is higher than that for 5 % Sm^3＋, Y^3＋, and La^3＋added cadmium ferrites. The5% addition of Sm^3＋, Y^3＋, and La^3＋ in cadmium ferrite is found to decrease the grain size in this ferrite. This decrement in the grain size makes the required switching field to decrease in cadmium ferrite. No aging effect for electrical switching is observed in these ferrites.

关键词： Rare-earth ions Current-controlled negativeresistance type electrical switching Grain size Cd ferrite