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The combination of induced pluripotent stem cells and bioscaffolds holds promise for spinal cord regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第10期13卷 1677-1684页

作者： ashley DeBrot Li Yao Department of Biological Sciences Wichita State University

Spinal cord injuries（SCIs） are debilitating conditions for which no effective treatment currently exists. The damage of neural tissue causes disruption of neural tracts and neuron loss in the spinal cord. Stem cell replacement offers a solution for SCI treatment by providing a source of therapeutic cells for neural function restoration. Induced pluripotent stem cells（i PSCs） have been investigated as a potential type of stem cell for such therapies. Transplantation of i PSCs has been shown to be effective in restoring function after SCIs in animal models while they circumvent ethical and immunological concerns produced by other stem cell types. Another approach for the treatment of SCI involves the graft of a bioscaffold at the site of injury to create a microenvironment that enhances cellular viability and guides the growing axons. Studies suggest that a combination of these two treatment methods could have a synergistic effect on functional recovery post-neural injury. While much progress has been made, more research is needed before clinical trials are possible. This review highlights recent advancements using i PSCs and bioscaffolds for treatment of SCI.

关键词： induced pluripotent stem cells bioscaffolds spinal cord injury regeneration transplantation differentiation functional recovery neuron replacement guidance microenvironment

Mathematical model of the effects of government intervention and rehabilitation of prostitution

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第3期11卷 37-52页

作者： Aprillya Lanz Zakar White Terry L. alford School of Engineering for Matter Technology and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA College of Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

In the United States, prostitution is considered illegal in all but one state; Nevada allows some legal activities in exchange for substantial guidelines. In 2010, approxi- mately 43,600 females were arrested for prostitution. Numerous intervention programs were established in order to obstruct the lifestyle of a prostitute （PRP~ Project ROSE, etc.）. There are many documentations and programs that share their forethought on prostitution; however, few target prostitution directly. To determine the dynamics of prostitution, this paper constructs a four-class compartmental model that focuses on the effectiveness of government intervention and rehabilitation of prostitutes mathematically. The basic reproductive number, R0, helps to discover the threshold values for the dynamics of prostitution to become both prevalent or absent in society. This paper predominately observes government intervention to curtail a prostitution prevalent society. Various parameters and variables help to define and indicate the dynamics of pros- titution to construct viable simulations. Successful prostitution interaction prevention deemed essential in prostitution prevention; however, government intervention corresponding with successful rehabilitation competitively challenges prostitution interaction prevention in reducing basic reproductive values.

关键词： Prostitution model epidemiology rehabilitation of prostitutes

Implanted devices: the importance of both electrochemical performance and biological acceptance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1188-1189页

作者： ashley N.Dalrymple Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Rehabilitation Neural Engineering Labs University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA

Neural interfaces can be implanted throughout the body to restore function,including cochlear implants for severe hearing loss,deep brain stimulation for tremor,and spinal cord stimulation for *** devices are intended to remain implanted and effective for the lifetime of the user,which could be several *** performance and longevity can be impacted by the state of the electrode-tissue *** performance and tissue reaction to implanted electrodes are important factors to consider when testing novel electrodes and materials,and can facilitate understanding of the reactions at the interface.

关键词： stimulation performance lifetime

Evaluating the suitability of essential genes as targets for antibiotic screening assays using proteomics

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Protein & Cell 2012年第1期3卷 5-7页

作者： ashley Chessher School of Biology Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK

Regarded as one of the most fundamental discoveries in modern medicine,antibiotics have revolutionized the treatment of bacterial disease and provided the prerequisite for the development of the modern pharmaceutical *** to the extensive use of antibiotics,bacteria have evolved by developing an array of resistance mechanisms(Fischbach and Walsh,2009;Van Hoek et al.,2011).Pathogens displaying resistance include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE)and multidrug-resistant(XDR)Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Alekshun and Levy,2007).

关键词： al. tuberculosis suitability

Configuration-dependent stretchable all-solid-state supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitors

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Carbon Energy 2023年第5期5卷 1-47页

作者： Ahmad Amiri ashley Bruno Andreas A.Polycarpou J.Mike Walker’66 Mechanical Engineering Department Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA

Given the rise in the popularity of wearable electronics that are able to deform into desirable configurations while maintaining electrochemical functionality,stretchable and flexible(hybrid)supercapacitors(SCs)have become increasingly of interest as innovative energy storage *** outstanding power density,long lifetime with low capacitance loss,and appropriate energy density,in particular in hybrid cases make them ideal candidates for flexible *** aim of this review paper is to provide an in-depth discussion of these stretchable and flexible SCs ranging from fabrication to electro-mechanical *** review paper begins with a short overview of the fundamentals of charge storage mechanisms and different types of multivalent metal-ion hybrid *** research methods leading up to the current state of these stretchable and flexible SCs are then *** is followed by an in-depth presentation of the challenges associated with the fabrication methods for different *** novel strategies to maximize the elastic and electrochemical properties of stretchable/flexible or quasi-solid-state SCs are classified and the pros and cons associated with each are *** advances in mechanical properties and the expected advancements for the future of these SCs are discussed in the last section.

关键词： 1D fiber-like SCs 2D planar supercapacitors 3D sponge and textile structures flexible/stretchable supercapacitors kirigami/origami-inspired structures

Effects of inorganic or organic selenium on immunoglobulins in swine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 236-244页

作者： ashley Gelderman Jeffrey Clapper Department of Animal Science South Dakota State University

A study was conducted to determine if Se source fed during gestation and lactation affects passive transfer of immunoglobulins. Sixty days prior to breeding （d -60）, gilts were randomly assigned to one of three treatments prior to breeding and throughout gestation： control （Control, no supplemental Se; n = 8）, inorganic Se （Inorganic Se, 0.3 ppm; n = 4） and organic Se （Organic Se, 0.3 ppm; n = 4）. Blood was collected on d -60, 57 and 113 of gestation and on d 21 of lactation and milk was collected at d 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21 of lactation. Blood was collected from piglets at d 0, 1, 7, 14, and 21 of age. Gilts fed organic Se had greater （P 〈 0.05） circulating concentrations of Se than Inorganic and Control gilts. Regardless of treatment, circulating concentrations of Se were greatest （P 〈 0.05） at d -60 compared to all other days. Serum concentrations of IgG were greatest （P 〈 0.05） in gilts at d 57 of gestation compared to d 113. Serum concentrations of IgA were greatest （P 〈 0.05） on d 113 of gestation and d 21 of lactation compared to d -60 and 57. Serum concentrations of IgM were greater （P 〈 0.05） at d 57 compared to d -60. Inorganic gilts had greater （P 〈 0.05） colostral and milk concentrations of IgG and IgM than Organic or Control gilts. Circulating concentrations of Se in piglets were greatest （P 〈 0.05） at d 14 and 21 of age compared to all other days. Piglets from gilts supplemented with organic Se had greater （P 〈 0.05） circulating concentrations of Se on d 1 versus piglets from gilts supplemented with no additional Se. The immunoglobulin concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM were lowest （P 〈 0.05） on d 0 and then different sources of Se did not affect the immunoglobulin ncreased when compared to d 1. The addition of concentrations in the gilt or piglet.

关键词： Immunoglobulin Pig Selenium

The effect of landscape complexity and microclimate on the thermal tolerance of a pest insect

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 905-915页

作者： Lucy alford Kevin Tougeron Jean-Sebastien Pierre Francoise Burel Joan van Baaren UMR 6553 ECOBIO Centre National de la Recherche Scientitique Universite de Rennes I Rennes Cedex France Departement de Sciences Biologiques Insfitut de Recherche en Biologie Vegetale Universite de Montreal Montreal QC Canada Universite Europeenne de Bretagne (UEB) Rennes France

Landscape changes are known to exacerbate the impacts of climate change. As such, understanding the combined effect of climate and landscape on agroecosystems is vital if we are to maintain the fimction of agroecosystems. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of agricultural landscape complexity on the microclimate and thermal tolerance of an aphid pest to better understand how landscape and climate may interact to affect the thermal tolerance of pest species within the context of global climate change. Meteo- rological data were measured at the landscape level, and cereal aphids （Sitobion avenae, Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi） sampled, from contrasting landscapes （simple and complex） in winter 2013/2014 and spring 2014 in cereal fields of Brittany, France. Aphids were returned to the laboratory and the effect of landscape of origin on aphid cold tolerance （as determined by CTmin） was investigated. Results revealed that local landscape complexity significantly affected microclimate, with simple homogenous landscapes being on average warmer, but with greater temperature variation. Landscape complexity was shown to impact aphid cold tolerance, with aphids from complex land- scapes being more cold tolerant than those from simple landscapes in both winter and spring, but with differences among species. This study highlights that future changes to land use could have implications for the thermal tolerance and adaptability of insects. Fur- thermore, not all insect species respond in a similar way to microhabitat and microclimate, which could disrupt important predator-prey relationships and the ecosystem service they provide.

关键词： agroecosystems biological control cereal aphids climate change coldtolerance landscape ecology

Current concepts in sport concussion management:A multifaceted approach

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2013年第4期2卷 227-235页

作者： ashley Littleton Kevin Guskiewicz Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Sport-related concussion is a common neurological injury that occurs in all levels of athletic *** may actually go undiagnosed,as they do not always display outward signs and athletes may fail to report symptoms of concussion,either because they do not know the symptoms,or for fear of removal from *** management of concussion can lead to increased risk of subsequent *** article outlines various aspects of sport-related concussion management,including preparation/planning,education,evaluation,management,return to play decisions,and long term effects of *** and education are the first steps that must be taken to minimize the potentially negative consequences of *** a concussion is suspected,it must be stressed that the evaluation should include a multifaceted approach,with a physical examination and assessment of signs and symptoms,neurocognition and *** management of concussion should include both physical and cognitive rest and factors such as transportation,sleep,work,and academics should be taken into *** to play following concussion should follow a graduated return to play protocol,with careful monitoring of *** medicine clinicians should stay up to date with information regarding concussion management and take a conservative approach,because there are recent reports of various cumulative effects of multiple concussions.

关键词： Balance assessment Cognitive rest Mild traumatic brain injury(MTBI) Neurocognitive testing Symptomatology

The landscape and flux of a minimum network motif,Wu Xing

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第12期29卷 186-197页

作者： Kun Zhang ashley Xia Jin Wang State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China The U.S.Center for Chinese Medicine by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine 15005 Shady Groove RoadSuite 410RockvilleMD 20850USA Department of Chemistry and Physics Department of Applied MathematicsState University of New York at Stony BrookStony BrookNY 11794USA

Wu-Xing theory is an ancient philosophy that serves as a guiding principle in the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).It has been used to explain the unbalance among the TCM organ systems in disease states and provide treatment philosophy *** now,it is still a challenge to explore the Wu-Xing theory beyond its philosophical *** this study,we established a quantitative framework using the landscape and flux theory to characterize the nature of the WuXing theory from a perspective of a minimal network motif and leave certain specific functional aspects of Wu-Xing theory for future *** uncovered the irregular ring shape of projection landscape for the Wu-Xing network with several local basins and *** found that the dynamics of the self-organized Wu-Xing system was determined by the underlying negative landscape gradient force and the nonequilibrium rotational *** the shape of the WuXing landscape determines the stabilities of the states,the rotational flux guarantees the persistent periodic oscillation and the stability of the *** provides a physical and quantitative basis for Yin–Yang duality of the driving forces for determining the dynamics and behaviors of the living *** landscape and flux analysis,we can identify the key parameter for the dynamics/function of Wu-Xing *** findings allow us to have a deeper understanding of the scientific merits of the ancient Wu-Xing theory from the network motif perspective.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine nonequilibrium landscapes flux