检索结果-南通市图书馆

Mechanisms underlying detection of seed dormancy by a scatter-hoarding rodent

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2020年第2期15卷 89-102页

作者： Mekala SUNDARAM ashley E.HIGDON Karl V.WOOD Connie C.BONHAM Robert K.SWIHART Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUSA Department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUSA Department of Biochemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUSA Department of Geological Sciences Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

The mechanism underlying detection of seed dormancy by scatter-hoarding rodents is unclear,although previous work suggests that the pericarp plays an important role in signaling dormancy *** gray squirrels(Sciurus carolinensis)consume early germinating seeds as they are more likely to perish immediately,whereas dormant seeds tend to be *** examine the mechanisms underlying dormancy detection,we characterized physical and chemical differences between germinating and dormant pericarps of northern red oak(Quercus rubra),American chestnut(Castanea dentata)and the BC3 hybrid of Chinese chestnut and American chestnut(Castanea mollissima×***)using scanning electron microscopy and gas chromatography-mass spec*** found that,as seeds break dormancy,the wax layer on the pericarp degrades and is accompanied by the escape of lower molecular weight kernel compounds or lipid metabolism *** field experiments showed that squirrels were 4-8 times more likely to consume seeds that were altered to remove pericarp wax coating or that were sprayed with seed *** argue that dormancy detection by scatter-hoarding rodents is a complex process involving physical cues such as loss of pericarp wax and chemical cues such as emission of olfactory cues.

关键词： cache pericarp wax scatter-hoarding seed consumption

Genome-wide association studies of lactation yields of milk, fat, protein and somatic cell score in New Zealand dairy goats

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 937-949页

作者： Megan Scholtens Andrew Jiang ashley Smith Mathew Littlejohn Klaus Lehnert Russell Snell Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos Dorian Garrick Hugh Blair AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding School of AgricultureMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand Applied Translational Genetics Group School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Research and Development Livestock Improvement CorporationRuakura RoadHamiltonNew Zealand.

Background: Identifying associations between genetic markers and traits of economic importance will provide practical benefits for the dairy goat industry, enabling genomic prediction of the breeding value of individuals, and facilitating discovery of the underlying genes and mutations. Genome-wide association studies were implemented to detect genetic regions that are significantly associated with effects on lactation yields of milk(MY), fat(FY),protein(PY) and somatic cell score(SCS) in New Zealand dairy ***: A total of 4,840 goats were genotyped with the Caprine 50 K SNP chip(Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA).After quality filtering, 3,732 animals and 41,989 SNPs were analysed assuming an additive linear model. Four GWAS models were performed, a single-SNP additive linear model and three multi-SNP Bayes C models. For the single-SNP GWAS, SNPs were fitted individually as fixed covariates, while the Bayes C models fit all SNPs simultaneously as random effects. A cluster of significant SNPs were used to define a haplotype block whose alleles were fitted as covariates in a Bayesian model. The corresponding diplotypes of the haplotype block were then fit as class variables in another Bayesian ***: Across all four traits, a total of 43 genome-wide significant SNPs were detected from the SNP GWAS. At a genome-wide significance level, the single-SNP analysis identified a cluster of variants on chromosome 19 associated with MY, FY, PY, and another cluster on chromosome 29 associated with SCS. Significant SNPs mapped in introns of candidate genes(45%), in intergenic regions(36%), were 0–5 kb upstream or downstream of the closest gene(14%) or were synonymous substitutions(5%). The most significant genomic window was located on chromosome 19 explaining up to 9.6% of the phenotypic variation for MY, 8.1% for FY, 9.1% for PY and 1% for ***: The quantitative trait loci for yield traits on chromosome 19 confirms reported findings in other dairy goat p

关键词： Dairy goat GWAS Milk production New Zealand QTL

3D-Printed electrochemical sensor-integrated transwell systems

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 357-368页

作者： Pradeep Ramiah Rajasekaran ashley Augustiny Chapin David N.Quan Jens Herberholz William E.Bentley Reza Ghodssi Institute for Systems Research University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Robert E.Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA

This work presents a 3D-printed,modular,electrochemical sensor-integrated transwell system for monitoring cellular and molecular events in situ without sample extraction or microfluidics-assisted downstream *** additive manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing,shadow masking,and molding are used to fabricate this modular system,which is autoclavable,biocompatible,and designed to operate following standard operating protocols(SOPs)of cellular *** to the platform is a flexible porous membrane,which is used as a cell culture substrate similarly to a commercial transwell *** electrochemical sensors fabricated on the membrane allow direct access to cells and their products.A pair of gold electrodes on the top side of the membrane measures impedance over the course of cell attachment and growth,characterized by an exponential decrease(~160%at 10Hz)due to an increase in the double layer capacitance from secreted extracellular matrix(ECM)*** voltammetry(CV)sensor electrodes,fabricated on the bottom side of the membrane,enable sensing of molecular release at the site of cell culture without the need for downstream ***-time detection of ferrocene dimethanol injection across the membrane showed a three order-of-magnitude higher signal at the membrane than in the bulk media after reaching *** modular sensor-integrated transwell system allows unprecedented direct,real-time,and noninvasive access to physical and biochemical information,which cannot be obtained in a conventional transwell system.

关键词： transwell electrochemical culture

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

把握当下:为学术图书馆的未来而定义

图书馆杂志 2013年第7期32卷 4-8,44页

作者： Larry P.alford 严丹钱卓珺多伦多大学图书馆联机计算机图书馆中心(OCLC)董事会美国图书馆协会(ALA)大型研究图书馆讨论小组上海外国语大学图书馆

图书馆员如果想依然守护和传承一代又一代人的文化成就,就应当肩负起未来信息收藏和提供获取途径的责任。本文探讨学术图书馆作为学术机构教、学、研重要组成部分所面临的种种挑战,并重点谈及图书馆正在经历的急速变化,以及面对这些变化... 详细信息

图书馆员如果想依然守护和传承一代又一代人的文化成就,就应当肩负起未来信息收藏和提供获取途径的责任。本文探讨学术图书馆作为学术机构教、学、研重要组成部分所面临的种种挑战,并重点谈及图书馆正在经历的急速变化,以及面对这些变化,大型学术图书馆将如何与院系合作共同促进信息的获取,从而激发学术的创新和发展。

关键词：学术图书馆资源开发技术革新国际合作

Systematic review with meta-analysis on transplantation for alcohol-related liver disease:Very low evidence of improved outcomes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第13期25卷 1628-1639页

作者： Nicole T Shen Cristina Londono Stephanie Gold ashley Wu Keith C Mages Robert S Jr Brown Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell Medicine New York Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York Department of Medicine Division of Internal Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College Samuel J. Wood Library and C.V. Starr Biomedical Information Center New York

BACKGROUND Alcohol-related liver disease(ALD) is a leading cause of liver failure and indication for liver transplantation that arises in the setting of alcohol use disorder(AUD). Previous reviews of transplantation for ALD are limited in scope of outcomes and type of ALD studied. A comprehensive systematic review could improve use of transplantation in ALD and improve future research. We hypothesize that while transplanting ALD may improve mortality and relapse,findings will be limited by pre-specified causes of heterogeneity-assessment and treatment of AUD, definition of ALD, spectrum of ALD studied, assessment and rates of relapse, and study quality and *** To optimize liver transplantation for ALD, understanding existing research to guide future research, we conducted a systematic review with *** We conducted a systematic review, comparing liver transplant to no-transplant in patients with ALD, with a primary outcome of both short-and long-term mortality and relapse. We performed a comprehensive search of MEDLINE,EMBASE, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library databases for peer-reviewed journal articles comparing use of liver transplant in ALD to no-transplant. Two reviewers independently conducted screening, full text review, and data extraction according to the PRISMA guidelines. We report the quality of the evidence according to the GRADE *** We analyzed data from 10 studies. Of 1332 participants, 34.2%(456/1332) had undergone liver transplantation, while 65.8%(876/1332) had not. While random effects meta-analysis suggested transplant in comparison to no-transplant had an association of reduced mortality that did not reach statistical significance, relative risk(RR) = 0.51(0.25-1.05), but not relapse risk, RR = 0.52(0.18-1.53), significant heterogeneity limited these findings. When restricted to prospective data,transplant compared to no-transplant significantly reduced mortality, RR = 0.25(0.13-0.46, P < 0.01), and relap

关键词： Alcohol-related hepatitis Alcohol-related cirrhosis Alcohol use disorder Liver transplantation Standardization

Assembly and variation of root-associated microbiota of rice during their vegetative growth phase with and without lindane pollutant

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Soil Ecology Letters 2021年第3期3卷 207-219页

作者： Jiayin Feng ashley E.Franks Zhijiang Lu Jianming Xu Yan He Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Hangzhou 310058China Department of Physiology Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria3086Australia Centre for Future Landscapes La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria3086Australia

Soil-derived microbiota associated with plant roots are conducive to plant growth and stress ***,the spatio-temporal dynamics of microbiota in response to organochlorine pollution during the unstable vegetative growth phase of rice is not well *** this study,we focused on the rice(Oryza sativa L.)microbiota across the bulk soil,rhizosphere and endosphere compartments during the vegetative growth phase in two different soils with and without lindane *** results showed that the factors of growth time,soil types and rhizo-compartments had significant influence on the microbial communities of rice,while lindane mostly stimulated the construction of endosphere microbiota at the vegetative *** rice root-soil-microbe interactions induced an inhibition effect on lindane removal at the later vegetative growth phase in rice-growth-dependent anaerobic condition,likely due to the root oxygen loss and microbial mediated co-occurring competitive electron-consuming redox processes in *** rhizocompartment owned distinct microbial communities,and therefore,presented specific ecologically functional categories,while the moderate functional differences were also affected by plants species and residual pollution *** work revealed the underground micro-ecological process of microbiota and especially their potential linkage to the natural attenuation of residual organochlorine such as lindane.

关键词： Lindane pollutant Rice(Oryza sativa L.) Root-associated microbiota Root-microbe-soil interaction Vegetative growth phase Metagenome functions

Oxidative stress in humans following the Pringle manoeuvre

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2006年第2期5卷 210-214页

作者： Giuseppe Garcea Andreas Gescher William Steward ashley Dennison David Berry University Department of Oncology 5th Floor The Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building The Leicester Royal Infirmary Leicester LE2 7LX UK

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress is induced in the liver by application of the Pringle manoeuvre. Malondialdehyde is a carbonyl compound formed during lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin biosynthesis, which combines with DNA to form a number of adducts. Among them is the DNA ad-duct; 3-(2-deoxybeta-dierythropentafuranosyl) pyr [1,2-alpha]-purin-10(3H) one or M1G. This study was undertaken to determine the suitability of M1G as a novel marker of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the liver and its correlation with both the length of Pringle clamp application and the overall length of the operation. METHODS: Normal and colorectal liver metastatic tissues were obtained in 12 patients before and after application of the Pringle manoeuvre. All samples were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen at -80 ℃. DNA was extracted and M1G quantification was performed by immunoslotblot analysis. RESULTS: M1G levels in normal liver tissue were 4.0 + 1.0 per 107 nucleotides before the Pringle manoeuvre and 7.4 ± 1.0 per 10 nucleotides after the Pringle manoeuvre (mean ± standard deviation) (P<0.05 by ANOVA). M1G levels in malignant liver tissue were 2.5 ±1.4 per 107 nucleotides before the Pringle manoeuvre and 6. 5 ±1.9 adducts per 10 nucleotides after the Pringle manoeuvre (P <0. 05). Ad-duct levels in normal liver tissue showed a significant correlation with cumulative period of Pringle application. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first time that the tissue levels of M1G before and after application of the Pringle manoeuvre have been studied. The results show that the Pringle manoeuvre exerts significant oxidative stress in human hepa-tocytes, which is Pringle-time dependent. The results highlight the potential for oxidative DNA adducts levels as a tool for measuring the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury.

关键词： Pringle liver oxidative stress M1G

Comparison of cognitive and UHDRS measures in monitoring disease progression in Huntington’s disease: a 12-month longitudinal study

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 109-118页

作者： Eng A Toh Michael R MacAskill John C Dalrymple-alford Daniel J Myall Leslie Livingston Sandy AD Macleod Tim J Anderson Department of Medicine Christchurch School of Medicine&Health SciencesUniversity of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand New Zealand Brain Research Institute ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Psychology University of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand Brain Injury Rehabilitation Service Canterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Neurology Canterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand

Progressive cognitive decline is a feature of Huntington’s disease(HD),an inherited neurodegenerative movement *** neuropsychological testing is the‘gold standard’to establish cognitive status but is often impractical in time-constrained *** study evaluated the utility of brief cognitive tests(MMSE and MoCA),UHDRS measures and a comprehensive neuropsychological tests battery in monitoring short-term disease progression in ***-two manifest HD patients and 22 matched controls were assessed at baseline and 12-month.A linear mixed-effect model showed that although the HD group had minimal change in overall global cognition after 12 months,they did show a significant decline relative to the control *** controls exhibited a practice effect in most of the cognitive domain scores over *** decline at 12-month in HD was found in the executive function domain but the effect of this on global cognitive score was masked by the improvement in their language domain *** varying practice effects by cognitive domain with repeated testing indicates the importance of comparing HD patients to control group in research trials and that cognitive progression over 12 months in HD should not be judged by changes in global cognitive *** three brief cognitive tests effectively described cognition of HD patients on cross-sectional *** UHDRS cognitive component,which focuses on testing executive function and had low variance over time,is a more reliable brief substitute for comprehensive neuropsychological testing than MMSE and MoCA in monitoring cognitive changes in HD patients after 12 months.

关键词： Huntington’s disease Disease progression Cognition UHDRS Longitudinal

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

钛酸锶钡薄膜中微观结构缺陷及其形成机理

无机材料学报 2012年第3期27卷 285-290页

作者：李春艳刘雪华刁飞玉梁文双王乙潜 PETROV Peter alford Neil 青岛大学化学化工与环境学院青岛266071 青岛大学国家重点实验室培育基地青岛266071 Department of Materials Imperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK

采用脉冲激光沉积方法,在(001)单晶铝酸镧(LaAlO3)衬底上成功制备出钛酸锶钡(Ba0.75Sr0.25TiO3)外延薄膜.利用高分辨电子显微学对其微观结构进行了详细研究,并探讨了其微观结构缺陷的形成机理.研究发现,在钛酸锶钡外延薄膜中存在失配位... 详细信息

采用脉冲激光沉积方法,在(001)单晶铝酸镧(LaAlO3)衬底上成功制备出钛酸锶钡(Ba0.75Sr0.25TiO3)外延薄膜.利用高分辨电子显微学对其微观结构进行了详细研究,并探讨了其微观结构缺陷的形成机理.研究发现,在钛酸锶钡外延薄膜中存在失配位错和穿透位错,且存在直线型和锯齿型的两种反相畴界.失配位错是由于钛酸锶钡薄膜与LaAlO3单晶衬底之间存在较大的晶格失配形成的,可分解为不全位错;穿透位错可以分解为不全位错伴随有堆垛层错的形成.反相畴界的形成是由于衬底表面存在台阶,直线型反向畴界是由于形核点离台阶处较近产生的,而锯齿型反向畴界是由于形核点离台阶处较远而形成.研究结果可为其它钙钛矿型外延薄膜中微观结构缺陷的形成机理提供理论指导.

关键词：钛酸锶钡外延薄膜高分辨透射电子显微学微观结构缺陷形成机理