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Endophytic fungi alter sucking bug responses to cotton reproductive structures

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1003-1014页

作者： Gregory A. Sword ashley Tessnow Maria Julissa Ek-Ramos Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Interdisciplinary Program Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA Laboratorio de Inmunologia y Virologia Facultad de Ciencias BiolSgicas Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon San Nicolas de los Garza Nuevo Leon Mexico

All plants including cotton host a wide range of microorganisms as endophytes. There is a growing appreciation of the prevalence, ecological significance and management potential of facultative fungal endophytes in protecting plants from pests, pathogens and environmental stressors. Hemipteran sucking bugs have emerged as major pests across the U.S. cotton belt, reducing yields directly by feeding on developing reproductive structures and indirectly by vectoring plant pathogens. We used no-choice and simultaneous choice assays to examine the host selection behavior of western tarnished plant bugs （Lygus hesperus） and southern green stink bugs （Nezara viridula） in response to developing flower buds and fruits from cotton plants colonized by 1 of 2 candidate beneficial fungal endophytes, Phialemonium inflatum or Beauveria bassiana. Both insect species exhibited strong negative responses to flower buds （L. hesperus） and fruits （N. viridula） from plants that had been colonized by candidate endophytic fungi relative to control plants under both no-choice and choice conditions. Behavioral responses of both species indicated that the insects were deterred prior to contact with plant tissues from endophyte-colonized plants, suggesting a putative role for volatile compounds in mediating the negative response. Our results highlight the role of fungal endophytes as plant mutualists that can have positive effects on plant resistance to pests.

关键词： behavior endophyte fungi Hemiptera mutualism sucking bug

Transnational Edu-Business in China:A Case Study of Culturalist Market-Making from Finland

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Frontiers of Education in China 2019年第1期14卷 33-58页

作者： Fred DERVIN ashley SIMPSON Faculty of Educational Sciences University of HelsinkiHelsinki 00014Finland School of Foreign Studies Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China

This article examines a scholar’s discourses related to edu-business in the context of Sino-Finnish *** on a critical approach to interculturality,and the decade-long critiques of culturalism,a case study serves as an illustration of the use of the concept of culture by a scholar from Finland to retail Finnish education in *** results show a reliance on an old and highly criticized conception of culture and a tendency to exoticize and aggrandize Finland,the Finns and Finnish *** a hint at similarities between“Asians”and Finns represents an interesting move from typical differentialist *** article ends with a call for taking interdisciplinarity and ethics into account in edu-business activities in academia.

关键词： edu-business Finland culturalism interculturality education export

Modeling visitor use on high elevation mountain trails: An example from Longs Peak in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第12期16卷 2882-2893页

作者： David PETTEBONE ashley D'ANTONIO Abigail SISNEROS-KIDD Christopher MONZ National Park Service Natural Resources Stewardship and ScienceEnvironmental Quality DivisionSocial Science Program80525 Fort CollinsColoradoUSA Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society97331 CorvallisOregonUSA Utah State University Quinney College of Natural Resources84322 LoganUtahUSA Current Affiliation:University of Wyoming Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources82072 LaramieWyomingUSA

Increasing use on mountain summits has both social and ecological *** numbers of visitors climbing mountain summits can be a safety issue,particularly in areas where terrain or elevation leads to queueing that may cause time *** visitor use levels at site specific locations en route to summits is needed to understand the potential benefits and impacts of visitor use in these ***,it can be difficult to obtain reliable and robust data to estimate use and develop statistical relationships because of the remote and harsh climates on mountain summits,as well as the financial and personnel requirements involved to collect the data in remote *** 2015,data were collected on the higher stretches of the Keyhole Route on Longs Peak in Rocky Mountain National Park,USA(RMNP)to better understand use levels near the summit and to explore potential statistical relationships to trailhead use data that are relatively easy to *** statistical relationships from robust regression analyses were found between trailhead use counts and daily and hourly use totals on the"Homestretch"which is a final section of the Keyhole ***,a strong statistical relationship was found between total daily use and maximum hourly use on the *** results suggest that trailhead counts are an accurate and reliable means from which to estimate use levels on upper portions of the Keyhole ***,this research demonstrates the usefulness of an approach using proxy variables to estimate visitor use along remote peaks where data collection can be *** types of data can elucidate various options and decisions for park management teams who are charged with deciding if and how to manage high use areas.

关键词： Visitor use Mountain summits National parks Use estimation Recreation use Proxy variables

Development of a potential PET probe for HDAC6 imaging in Alzheimer's disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第10期12卷 3891-3904页

作者： Ping Bai Prasenjit Mondal Frederick A.Bagdasarian Nisha Rani Yan Liu ashley Gomm Darcy R.Tocci Se Hoon Choi Hsiao-Ying Wey Rudolph E.Tanzi Can Zhang Changning Wang Athinoula A.Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMA 02129USA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMA 02129USA

Although the epigenetic regulatory protein histone deacetylase 6(HDAC6)has been recently implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease(AD),little is known about the role of HDAC6 in the etiopathogenesis of AD and whether HDAC6 can be a potential therapeutic target for ***,we performed positron emission tomography(PET)imaging in combination with histopathological analysis to better understand the underlying pathomechanisms of HDAC6 in *** first developed[^(18)F]PB118 which was demonstrated as a valid HDAC6 radioligand with excellent brain penetration and high specificity to *** studies of[^(18)F]PB118 in 5xFAD mice showed significantly increased radioactivity in the brain compared to WT animals,with more pronounced changes identified in the cortex and *** translatability of this radiotracer for AD in a potential human use was supported by additional studies,including similar uptake profiles in non-human primates,an increase of HDAC6 in ADrelated human postmortem hippocampal tissues by Western blotting protein analysis,and our ex vivo histopathological analysis of HDAC6 in postmortem brain tissues of our ***,our findings show that HDAC6 may lead to AD by mechanisms that tend to affect brain regions particularly susceptible to AD through an association with amyloid pathology.

关键词： HDAC6 Alzheimer’s disease Radiotracer PET imaging Epigenetic

Current advances in xenotransplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第4期4卷 490-494页

作者： ashley Cox Robert Zhong Departments of Surgery Pathologyand Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Western OntarioLondonCanada

BACKGROUND: Transplantation of organs is a well-known and accepted life-saving procedure for end-stage kidney, liver, heart and lung diseases. The insufficient number of donor organs limits the application of this technique and leads to unnecessary loss of life. Experimental techniques such as xenotransplantation are extremely important to determine new methods of creating organ availability. DATA SOURCES; A literature search of Pubmed database was conducted and research articles reviewed. RESULTS: Xenotransplantation is a progressive field of research. Human complement regulatory protein ( hDAF) transgenic pigs and new immunosuppressive strategies that reduce xenoreactive αgal antibodies, have decreased rates of acute vascular rejection. Transplantation of α-1, 3-galac-tosyltransferase knock-out pig organs into baboons has resulted in the longest graft survival to date. Coagulation pathways have been identified as having a role in graft rejection. In vitro studies of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) show encouraging results that zoonosis will be less hindering to xenotransplantation than once thought. CONCLUSIONS: Several recent advances in xenotransplantation research have brought this technique closer to clinical application. The Ethics Committee of the International Xenotransplantation Association has made recommendations to ensure maintenance of ethical standards. Advancement will depend on the development of pig models, novel immunosuppressive strategies to target the innate immune system, and new ways to create donor specific tolerance. Prevention of rejection and transmission of infectious agents remain unresolved issues. In the future, it is feasible that xenotransplantation will be used to resolve this medical dilemma.

关键词： xenotransplantation pig transgenic cloning zoonosis

超越时空镌刻永恒——日内瓦国际宝石及珠宝展上的优秀珠宝作品

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中国宝石 2023年第4期 80-87页

作者： ashley 无不详 GemGenève

2023年5月11日至13日,第六届日内瓦国际宝石及珠宝展(GemGeneve)在日内瓦成功举办。在本次GemGenéve珠宝展上,我们不仅看到优质的宝石裸石、精美的商业款珠宝首饰,还可以在“当代珠宝设计师作品展区”(Designer Vivarium)和“新秀设计... 详细信息

2023年5月11日至13日,第六届日内瓦国际宝石及珠宝展(GemGeneve)在日内瓦成功举办。在本次GemGenéve珠宝展上,我们不仅看到优质的宝石裸石、精美的商业款珠宝首饰,还可以在“当代珠宝设计师作品展区”(Designer Vivarium)和“新秀设计师作品展区”(Emerging Talent&New Designers)看到优秀的设计师作品。此外,还可以在“失落艺术的国度”展区(the Villa of Lost Arts)和“日内瓦艺术历史博物馆(MAH)自动音乐展览”展区看到许多有趣的作品。

关键词：珠宝展历史博物馆珠宝首饰 Designer 设计师作品宝石日内瓦超越时空

350 μm map of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud: core mass function

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2015年第2期58卷 114-124页

作者： ZHANG GuoYin LI Di HYDE ashley K QIAN Lei LYU HuaLei WU ZhongZu College of Science/Department of Physics Guizhou University Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Science Institute Department of Astronomy California Institute of Technology Astrophysics Group Imperial College London

Stars are born in dense cores of molecular clouds. The core mass function(CMF), which is the mass distribution of dense cores, is important for understanding the stellar initial mass function(IMF). We obtained 350 μm dust continuum data using the SHARC-II camera at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory(CSO) telescope. A 350 μm map covering 0.25 deg2 of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud was created by mosaicing 56 separate scans. The CSO telescope had an angular resolution of 9′′, corresponding to 1.2×103AU at the distance of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud(131 pc). The data was reduced using the Comprehensive Reduction Utility for SHARC-II(CRUSH). The flux density map was analyzed using the Gauss Clumps algorithm, within which 75 cores has been identified. We used the Spitzer c2 d catalogs to separate the cores into 63 starless cores and 12 protostellar cores. By locating Jeans instabilities, 55 prestellar cores(a subcategory of starless cores) were also identified. The excitation temperatures, which were derived from FCRAO12 CO data, help to improve the accuracy of the masses of the cores. We adopted a Monte Carlo approach to analyze the CMF with two types of functional forms; power law and log-normal. The whole and prestellar CMF are both well fitted by a log-normal distribution, with μ =-1.18±0.10, σ = 0.58±0.05 and μ = 1.40±0.10, σ = 0.50±0.05 respectively. This finding suggests that turbulence influences the evolution of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud.

关键词：分子云蛇夫座群发功能初始质量函数对数正态分布加州理工学院蒙特卡罗方法 CMF

Feedback Control of Medication Delivery Device Using Machine Learning-Based Control Co-Design

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2022年第7期15卷 220-239页

作者： Jacob Anthony Jacob Anthony ashley Dixon Chung Hyun Goh Matthew Lucci Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Tyler Tyler TX USA The Runatek Corporation Dallas TX USA

Although the opioid crisis is a problem worldwide, recent emerging technology has the potential of curtailing the epidemic. By administering micro-doses of medication as needed, a feedback-driven medicine pump could lessen the highs and lows associated with the formation of an addiction. The focus of this study was to develop a feedback control loop for this pump that optimizes drug concentration in the bloodstream based on set criteria. In the process of optimization of the system, the mathematical model representing the system was analyzed to find an open loop transfer function. Using this function, a PID tuner was applied to set feedback control. Both machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques are explored to act as a classifier that aids the pump in administering doses. The setpoint concentration of medication in the patient’s bloodstream was calculated to be 7.55 mg/ml this setpoint was the basis for steady state concentration of the transfer function. When a PID tuner was added to the feedback system, the plot was optimized to satisfy the design criteria of a rise time less than 25-minutes and no more than a 5% overshoot of the setpoint concentration. Naïve Bayesian (NB), Tree and support-vector machines (SVM) classifiers achieved the best classification accuracy of 100%. A DL network was successfully developed to predict patient class. This work is the theoretical basis for developing a feedback-driven medicine pump and an algorithm that can classify patients based on their body’s metabolism that will aid the doctor in formatting the medicine pump so that the patient is receiving the proper amount of medication.

关键词： Machine Learning PID Medication Delivery Device

Testing the potential mechanisms for the maintenance of a genetic color polymorphism in bluefin killifish populations

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 733-743页

作者： ashley M.JOHNSON Chia-Hao CHANG Rebecca C.FULLER Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61820USA

The maintenance of genetic variation in the face of natural selection is a long-standing question in evolutionary *** the bluefin killifish Lucania goodei,male coloration is *** can produce either red or yellow coloration in their anal fins,and both color morphs are present in all *** 2 morphs are heritable and how they are maintained in nature is ***, we tested 2 mechanisms for the maintenance of the red/yellow color *** frequency-dependent mating success predicts that rare males have a mating advantage over common males. Spatial variation in fitness predicts that different color morphs have an advantage in different microhabitat *** a breeding experiment,we tested these hypotheses by creating populations with different ratios of red to yellow males (5 red:1 yellow;1 red:5 yellow)and determining male mating success on shallow and deep spawning *** found no evidence of negative frequency-dependent mating *** morphs tended to have higher mating success, and this was particularly so on shallow spawning ***,on deep substrates,red males enjoyed higher mating success than yellow males,particularly so when red males were rare. However,yellow males did not have an advantage at either depth nor when *** suggest that preference for red males is expressed in deeper water,possibly due to alterations in the lighting ***,male pigment levels were correlated with one another and predicted male mating ***,pigmentation plays an important role in male mating success.

关键词： carotenoid color polymorphism environmental heterogeneity melanin negative frequency dependence pterin