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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第5期18卷 1045-1058页

作者： ashley Stroh Jaydip Desai Department of Biomedical Engineering Wichita State UniversityWichitaKS 67260USA

Individuals with cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy often lack fine motor control of their fingers which makes it difficult to control traditional powered wheelchairs using a *** have shown the use of surface electromyography to steer powered wheelchairs or automobiles either through simulations or gaming ***,these studies significantly lack issues with real world scenarios such as user’s safety,real-time control,and efficiency of the controller *** purpose of this study was to design,evaluate,and implement a hybrid human–machine interface system for a powered wheelchair that can detect human intent based on artificial neural network trained hand gesture recognition and navigate a powered wheelchair without colliding with objects around the *** Conjugate Gradient(SCG),Bayesian Regularization(BR),and Levenberg Marquart(LM)supervised artificial neural networks were trained in offline testing on eight participants without disability followed by online testing using the classifier with highest *** Regularization architecture showed highest accuracy at 98.4%across all participants and hidden *** participants successfully completed the path in an average of 5 min and 50 s,touching an average of 22.1%of the *** proposed hybrid system can be implemented to assist people with neuromuscular disabilities in near future.

关键词： Electromyography,Artificial neural network,Hybrid control,Powered wheelchair Assistive technology,Hand gesture recognition

Assessment of long-term graft function following total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation:the Leicester experience

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 682-691,I0016页

作者： Cristina A.Pollard Wen Yuan Chung Giuseppe Garcea ashley R.Dennison Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Leicester General HospitalLeicesterUK

Background:Total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation(TPIAT)is a recognised treatment for chronic pancreatitis(CP)with the potential to mitigate or prevent pancreatogenic *** present our 10-year follow-up of TPIAT ***:The University Hospitals of Leicester performed 60 TPIAT procedures from September 1994 to May *** patients completed their 10-year assessment and were grouped using the modified Auto-Igls criteria;good response,n=5(insulin-independent for first 5 years post-TPIAT);partial response,n=6(insulin requirements0.5 ng/mL)after OGTT stimulation potentially preventing long-term diabetes-related complications.

关键词： Islet autotransplantation(IAT) chronic pancreatitis(CP) C-peptide

SARS-CoV-2:the many pros of targeting PLpro

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 633-634页

作者： Christopher B.mcclain Nicolas Vabret Department of Medicine Hematology and Medical OncologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA

A new study1 published in Nature compares the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease(PLpro)to promote innate immune *** findings identify SARS-CoV-2 PLpro as an attractive drug target for tr... 详细信息

关键词： attractive finding Nature

Damage Curves Derived from Hurricane Ike in the West of Galveston Bay Based on Insurance Claims and Hydrodynamic Simulations

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第6期14卷 932-946页

作者： Chaoran Xu Benjamin T.Nelson-Mercer Jeremy D.Bricker Meri Davlasheridze ashley D.Ross Jianjun Jia State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research School of Marine SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Marine and Coastal Environmental Science Texas A&M University at GalvestonGalvestonTX 77553USA Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology2628 CN DelftThe Netherlands

Hurricane Ike,which struck the United States in September 2008,was the ninth most expensive hurricane in terms of *** caused nearly USD 30 billion in damage after making landfall on the Bolivar Peninsula,*** used the Delft3dFM/SWAN hydrodynamic and spectral wave model to simulate the storm surge inundation around Galveston Bay during Hurricane *** curves were established through the relationship between eight hydrodynamic parameters(water depth,flow velocity,unit discharge,flow momentum flux,significant wave height,wave energy flux,total water depth(flow depth plus wave height),and total(flow plus wave)force)simulated by the model and National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP)insurance damage *** NFIP insurance database contains a large amount of building damage data,building stories,and elevation,as well as other information from the Ike *** found that the damage curves are sensitive to the model grid resolution,building elevation,and the number of *** also found that the resulting damage functions are steeper than those developed for residential structures in many other locations.

关键词： Delft3d-FM Flood risk Hurricane Ike Residential damage ratio SWAN Weibull function

Effect of mate size on maternal reproductive effort in the convict cichlid Amatitlania siquia

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 66-72页

作者： Robart, ashley R. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

The differential allocation hypothesis predicts individuals will increase their reproductive investment when mated to a high quality partner. In many species of fish with biparental care females prefer large males due to the males’ greater ability to raise more offspring to independence. I examined the relationship between mate quality, parental care and number of offspring in a natural population of convict cichlidsAmatitlania siquia. The frequency of frontal displays by females was positively correlated with male standard length. Additionally, as males increased in length relative to their mate, females increased the frequency of chases towards predators, while males decreased the number of displays towards brood predators. This trade-off in parental effort within a pair due to mate quality is a key prediction of differential allocation. The number of offspring was correlated with male, but not female, standard length. These results support the differential allocation hypothesis in that females offered more parental care to offspring of a larger male, while their mates decreased the amount of care they provided. Additionally, females benefited in terms of number of offspring by pairing with higher quality mates. Increased female investment may provide an incentive to ensure male care and maintain pair bonding, which could lead to greater reproductive success through increased offspring survival.

关键词：生殖产妇检查质量鲷繁殖成功率男性女性后代

The combination of induced pluripotent stem cells and bioscaffolds holds promise for spinal cord regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第10期13卷 1677-1684页

作者： ashley DeBrot Li Yao Department of Biological Sciences Wichita State University

Spinal cord injuries（SCIs） are debilitating conditions for which no effective treatment currently exists. The damage of neural tissue causes disruption of neural tracts and neuron loss in the spinal cord. Stem cell replacement offers a solution for SCI treatment by providing a source of therapeutic cells for neural function restoration. Induced pluripotent stem cells（i PSCs） have been investigated as a potential type of stem cell for such therapies. Transplantation of i PSCs has been shown to be effective in restoring function after SCIs in animal models while they circumvent ethical and immunological concerns produced by other stem cell types. Another approach for the treatment of SCI involves the graft of a bioscaffold at the site of injury to create a microenvironment that enhances cellular viability and guides the growing axons. Studies suggest that a combination of these two treatment methods could have a synergistic effect on functional recovery post-neural injury. While much progress has been made, more research is needed before clinical trials are possible. This review highlights recent advancements using i PSCs and bioscaffolds for treatment of SCI.

关键词： induced pluripotent stem cells bioscaffolds spinal cord injury regeneration transplantation differentiation functional recovery neuron replacement guidance microenvironment

Implanted devices: the importance of both electrochemical performance and biological acceptance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1188-1189页

作者： ashley N.Dalrymple Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Rehabilitation Neural Engineering Labs University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA

Neural interfaces can be implanted throughout the body to restore function,including cochlear implants for severe hearing loss,deep brain stimulation for tremor,and spinal cord stimulation for *** devices are intended to remain implanted and effective for the lifetime of the user,which could be several *** performance and longevity can be impacted by the state of the electrode-tissue *** performance and tissue reaction to implanted electrodes are important factors to consider when testing novel electrodes and materials,and can facilitate understanding of the reactions at the interface.

关键词： stimulation performance lifetime

Evidence for Cerebral Microvascular Injury in Head Trauma Involving Infants and Young Children

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2022年第2期8卷 41-45页

作者： Rudolph J.Castellani ashley Rose Scholl Carl J.Schmidt Department of Pathology Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA Department of Pathology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Pathology Wayne County Medical Examiner's OfficeDetroitMichiganUSA Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA

Background:The pathophysiology of lethal head trauma in infants and young children involves repetitive rotational forces of sufficient magnitude to produce subdural hemorrhage and brain swelling,which leads to considerable morbidity and *** precise mechanism for brain swelling is *** and Methods:We examined cerebral tissue from ten pediatric deaths due to blunt force trauma,along with seven control infants who asphyxiated in unsafe sleep *** assess the competence of the blood-brain barrier,we performed immunohistochemical stains for albumin and immunoglobulin G(IgG).Results:IgG and albumin were increased in subpial and superficial perivascular tissue in those cases due to blunt force trauma,and in particular,the blunt force trauma associated with subdural *** included two deaths at the scene without hospital survival ***:Our findings suggest disruption of the blood-brain barrier with vasogenic edema as an early event in head trauma involving young children upstream of global ischemic brain *** hypothesize that mechanical injury to the cortical vasculature results in vasogenic edema by oncotic(increased plasma proteins in the cortical interstitium)and hydrostatic(increased capillary pressure)mechanisms,with subsequent cortical *** may explain why ischemic sequelae appear to occur in head trauma involving young children,regardless of whether anoxia,hypotension,or cardiac arrest complicate the disease course and may in part underlie the high morbidity and mortality of head trauma in early childhood.

关键词： Edema pediatric head trauma subdural hematoma traumatic brain injury

Autologous treatment for ALS with implication for broad neuroprotection

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 718-736页

作者： Daehwan Kim Subin Kim ashley Sung Neetika Patel Nathan Wong Michael J.Conboy Irina M.Conboy Department of Bioengineering and QB3 Institute University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by a progressive loss of motor neurons (MNs), leading to paralysis, respiratory failure and death within 2-5 years of diagnosis. The exact mechanisms of sporadic ALS, which comprises 90% of all cases, remain unknown. In familial ALS, mutations in superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause 10% of cases. Methods: ALS patient-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells (ALS hiPSCs, harboring the SOD1AV4 mutation), were differentiated to MNs (ALS-MNs). The neuroprotective effects of conditioned medium (CM) of hESCs (H9), wt hiPSCs (WTC-11) and the ALS iPSCs, on MN apoptosis and viability, formation and maintenance of neurites, mitochon-drial activity and expression of inflammatory genes, were examined. For in vivo studies, 200 μl of CM from the ALS iPSCs (CS07 and CS053) was injected subcutaneously into the ALS model mice (transgenic for the human SOD1G93A mutation). Animal agility and strength, muscle innervation and mass, neurological score, onset of paralysis and lifes-pan of the ALS mice were assayed. After observing significant disease-modifying effects, the CM was characterized biochemically by fractionation, comparative proteomics, and epigenetic screens for the dependence on pluripotency. CM of fibroblasts that were differentiated from the wt hiPSCs lacked any neuroprotective activity and was used as a negative control throughout the studies. Results: The secretome of PSCs including the ALS patient iPSCs was neuroprotective in the H2O2 model. In the model with pathogenic SOD1 mutation, ALS iPSC-CM attenuated all examined hallmarks of ALS pathology, rescued human ALS-MNs from denervation and death, restored mitochondrial health, and reduced the expression of inflam-matory genes. The ALS iPSC-CM also improved neuro-muscular health and function, and delayed paralysis and mor-bidity in ALS mice. Compared side by side, cyclosporine (CsA), a mitochondrial membrane blocker that prevents the leakage of mitochondri

关键词： Neurodegeneration Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SOD1 mutation Pluripotent stem cells Secretome

Evaluating the suitability of essential genes as targets for antibiotic screening assays using proteomics

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Protein & Cell 2012年第1期3卷 5-7页

作者： ashley Chessher School of Biology Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK

Regarded as one of the most fundamental discoveries in modern medicine,antibiotics have revolutionized the treatment of bacterial disease and provided the prerequisite for the development of the modern pharmaceutical *** to the extensive use of antibiotics,bacteria have evolved by developing an array of resistance mechanisms(Fischbach and Walsh,2009;Van Hoek et al.,2011).Pathogens displaying resistance include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE)and multidrug-resistant(XDR)Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Alekshun and Levy,2007).

关键词： al. tuberculosis suitability