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Microwave Assisted Extraction,Antioxidant Potential and Chromatographic Studies of Some Rasayana Drugs

Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第7期21卷 523-529页

作者： ashish Mishra Shilpi Mishra Shilpi Bhargav CS.Bhargava Mayank Thakur Advance Institute of Biotech&Paramedical Sciences Institute for Laboratory Medicine Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry Charite University of MedicineCampus Benjamin Franklin

Objective： To study and compare the conventional extraction procedure with microwave assisted extraction （MAE） for some Ayurvedic Rasayana drugs and to evaluate their antioxidant potential and carry out the characterization of extracts by thin layer chromatography. Methods： Three Ayurvedic rasayana plants Allium sativum Linn., Bombax ceiba Linn. and Inula racemosa Hook. were evaluated for an improved MAE methodology by determining the effects of grinding degree, extraction solvent, effect of dielectric constant and duration of time on the extractive value. Antioxidant potential of all three drugs was evaluated with 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） radical scavenging activity and reducing power was determined by using Gallic acid as standard. Further thin layer chromatographic （TLC） analysis was performed on pre-activated Silica Gel G plates and Rf value were compared with those reported for the important biomarkers. Results： The total extractive value for Allium sativum Linn. was 36.95% （w/w） and 49.95% （w/w） for ethanol extraction respectively. In case of Bombax ceiba Linn. the yield of aqueous extract by MAE was 50% （w/w） compared to 42% （w/w） in ethanol （50% v/v）. Percent yield of Inula racernosa Hook. in aqueous extract was found to be 27.55% （w/w） which was better than ethanol extract （50%） where the yield was 25.95% （w/w）. Upon antioxidant activity evaluation A. safivum extract showed an absorbance of 0.980 ± 0.92 at concentration of 500 μg with maximum reducing capacity. This was followed by B. ceiba Linn. 0.825 ± 0.98 and I. racemosa Hook. with 0.799 ± 2.01 at a concentration of 500 μ g. TLC based standardization of A. sativum Linn. extract shows single spot with Rf value of 0.38, B. ceiba Linn. extract shows Rf values were 0.23, 0.58, 0.77, 0.92 and I. racemosa Hook. extract spot had a Rf value of 0.72. Conclusions： A significant improvement in extractive values was observed as a factor of time and other advantages by using MAE technology. All three dru

关键词： antioxidant potential Ayurvedic Rasayana Allinm sativum Linn. Bombax ceiba Inula racemosa,microwave assisted extraction

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Body weight, lifestyle, dietary habits and gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第14期15卷 1690-1701页

作者： Davide Festi Eleonora Scaioli Fabio baldi Amanda Vestito Francesca Pasqui Anna Rita Di Biase Antonio Colecchia Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bologna Bologna Department of Pediatrics University of Modena Modena Italy

While lifestyle modifications are currently used as firstline treatment for subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the pathogenetic role of lifestyle factors and consequently, the efficacy of lifestyle measures is controversial. Our aim was to systematically review the pathogenetic link between overweight/ obesity, dietary habits, physical activity and GERD, and the beneficial effect of specific recommended changes, by means of the available literature from the 1999 to the present. Obesity, in particular, abdominal obesity, plays a key role in determining GERD symptoms and complications through mechanical and metabolic effects. Controlled weight loss (by diet or surgery) is effective in improving GERD symptoms. No definitive data exist regarding the role of diet and, in particular, of specific foods or drinks, in influencing GERD clinical manifestations. Moderate physical activity seems to be beneficial for GERD, while vigorous activity may be dangerous in predisposed individuals. In conclusion, being obese/overweight and GERD-specific symptoms and endoscopic features are related, and weight loss significantly improves GERD clinical-endoscopic manifestations. The role of dietary behavior, mainly in terms of specific dietary components, remains controversial. Mild routine physical activity in association with diet modifications, i.e. a diet rich in fiber and low in fat, is advisable in preventing reflux symptoms.

关键词： Food intake Food questionnaire Heartburn Obesity Physical activity

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Fingerprint analysis for the determination of hand origin(right/left)using the axis slant in whorl patterns

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 285-289页

作者： Neeti Kapoor ashish Badiye Swati Dubey Mishra Department of Forensic Science Government Institute of Forensic ScienceNagpurMaharashtraIndia Shri Vaishnav Institute of Forensic Science Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth VishwavidyalayaIndoreMadhya PradeshIndia

Fingerprints are frequently encountered during both civil and criminal *** possess numerous characteristics that assist with personal *** the hand of origin(right or left)for an individual fingerprint would help reduce investigation time and potentially eliminate certain *** this study,we collected a total of 2900 single digit fingerprints from 290 individuals,and the whorl axis slant was examined in the 743 whorl pattern fingerprints(385 from the right hand and 358 from the left hand).A slant towards the right side was present in 81.82%of samples from the right hand,while a slant towards the left side was observed in 80.73%of samples from the left *** applying a chi-square test to the dataset,the results were found to be statistically significant for the determination of hand *** results suggest that the whorl axis slant in a fingerprint is indicative of hand origin(right or left).

关键词： Forensic sciences side determination whorl slant fingerprint analysis crime hand

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Modern Indo-Pacific tropical drying trend in the context of the last 2700 years

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Science Bulletin 2020年第3期65卷 173-174页

作者： ashish Sinha Department of Earth Science&Geography California State University Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA

Instrumental observations from many tropical and monsoonal regions,particularly from some of the most densely populated locations in Indo-Pacific and the maritime continent,are revealing a rather worrisome *** rainfall appears to be declining since the middle of the 20th century(Fig.1).Identifying the primary drivers of this drying trend is crucial to assess whether it stems from anthropogenic forcing and thus,expected to continue or merely a manifestation of multi-decadal or longer-term natural climate *** in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,Tan et al.[1]show that the decades-long drying trend in the north central IndoPacific(NCIP)region is not unique in the context of the region’s hydroclimate variability during the last two to three millennia;and in fact,the study indicates that NCIP was struck by previous episodes of drier condition,rivaling that of the current drying *** study further underscores the classic detection and attribution problem faced by climate scientists today in parsing the relative influence of anthropogenic forced changes in rainfall from natural variability[2].

关键词： La 干旱趋势太平洋

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Generation of nanomaterials by reactive laser-synthesis in liquid

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第7期65卷 3-47页

作者： Laysa M.Frias Batista ashish Nag Victoria K.Meader Katharine Moore Tibbetts Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmond VA 23284USA

Nanomaterials with tailored structures and surface chemistry are in high demand, as these materials play increasingly important roles in biology, catalysis, energy storage, and manufacturing. Their heightened demand has attracted attention towards the development of synthesis routes, particularly, laser-synthesis techniques. These efforts drove the refinement of laser ablation in liquid(LAL) and related methods over the past two decades and have led to the emergence of reactive laser-synthesis techniques that exploit these methods’ characteristic, non-equilibrium conditions. Reactive laser-synthesis approaches foster unique chemical reactions that enable the formation of composite products like multimetallic nanoparticles, supported nanostructures, and complex minerals. This review will examine emerging reactive laser-synthesis methods in the context of established methods like *** focus will be on the chemical reactions initiated within the laser plasma, with the goal of understanding how these reactions lead to the formation of unique nanomaterials. We will provide the first systematic review of laser reaction in liquid(LRL) in the literature, and bring a focus to the chemical reaction mechanisms in LAL and reactive-LAL techniques that have not yet been emphasized in reviews. Discussion of the current challenges and future investigative opportunities into reactive laser-synthesis will impart guidance for researchers interested in designing reactive laser-synthesis approaches to novel nanomaterial production.

关键词： laser ablation in liquids laser reduction in liquids nanoparticles

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Age of the earliest transgressive event in the Krishna-Godavari Basin, India: evidence from dinoflagellate cysts and planktonic foraminifera biostratigraphy

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2020年第1期9卷 60-70页

作者： ashish Kumar Mishra Nallamuthu Malarkodi Arun Deo Singh Dinesh Babu Vandana Prasad Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences LucknowIndia Department of Geology Jnanabharathi CampusBangalore UniversityBengaluru 560056India Department of Geology Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Oil India Limited KakinadaIndia.

A combined biostratigraphic study of dinoflagellate cysts and foraminifera was carried out on Early Cretaceous subsurface well cutting sediments from well A(DNG)(2800–2746 m depth)from the Krishna-Godavari Basin,*** last appearance datum of marker species of dinoflagellate cysts and planktonic foraminifera was considered for the construction of the biostratigraphic *** study shows dominance of Early Cretaceous marker dinoflagellate cysts Cassiculosphaeridia magna,Cribroperidinium perforans,Hystrichodinium voigtii,Kleithriasphaeridium eoinodes,and planktonic foraminifera Hedbergella aptiana,Hedbergella mitra,Hedbergella praelippa,Hedbergella tardita,Microhedbergella miniglobularis and Hedbergella mitra *** addition to this,the dinoflagellate cyst data were compared with the dinoflagellate biozones of Austral and Tethyan *** on earlier micropalaeontological records from the Krishna-Godavari Basin and the present study,a latest Barremian-early Aptian age has been determined for the earliest marine transgression in the Krishna-Godavari *** early marine incursion during late Barremian-earliest Aptian in the Krishna-Godavari Basin compared to Albian age in Cauvery Basin suggests the opening of east coast from north to south.

关键词： Biostratigraphy Krishna-Godavari Basin Palaeoenvironment

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Diagenesis,facies and palaeocurrent analysis of Upper Rewa Sandstone around Sagar,Central India

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第4期12卷 546-563页

作者： Gaurav K.Singh ashish K.Rai Arvind K.Singh Department of Applied Geology Dr.Harisingh Gour VishwavidyalayaSagar 470003Madhya PradeshIndia Geological Survey of India ShillongIndia

The stratigraphic surface represented by a major contact between the Archean Bundelkhand Granite and the extensive Proterozoic Vindhyan sediments is a regional basement cover *** crystalline—sedimentary interface reflects an intense weathering of continental crust during marine *** time-transgressive sand deposition events ***,Rewa and Bhander are mainly witnessed during the entire Vindhyan ***,the Upper Rewa Sandstone comprises one of these events in the Vindhyan *** progress has been made in interpreting these sandstones as a function of entirely marine process to a combination of tidal—fluvio—eolian *** the results have so far been attained on the basis of sedimentary facies,provenance,palaeocurrent analysis,and some of petrography.A distinct differentiation between marine and fluvial components of the Upper Rewa Sandstone still remains ***,we use diagenesis as a parameter for the first time along with facies and palaeocurrent analysis to acquire a clear comprehension of marine-and fluvial-dominated *** present study spans 27 square kilometer area covering 15 stratigraphic sections with a collection of 571directional data from the facies specific sedimentary structures,and 28 samples obtained for the thin section *** lower unit of the Upper Rewa Sandstone shows facies association typical of tidal environment,along with polymodal *** rocks are well sorted and dominantly lithified by authigenic *** development of a complex of syntaxial,passive pore fills,and grain replacive cements reflect normally pressured nature of the lower unit *** upper unit of the Upper Rewa Sandstone however,reveals a facies pattern resembling fluvial processes and unimodal palaeocurrent *** exhibit poor sorting,siliceous,and ferruginous matrix,and development of intense ***,pressure solution is a dominant mode of l

关键词： Palaeocurrent Diagenesis Facies Upper Rewa Sandstone Vindhyan Basin

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Multifunctional hopeite nanocoating on Ti64 substrates by pulsed laser deposition and radio frequency magnetron sputtering for orthopedic implant applications:A comparative study

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Journal of Central South University 2020年第8期27卷 2198-2209页

作者： ashish DAS Mukul SHUKLA Department of Mechanical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of TechnologyAllahabad 211004India Department of Production and Industrial Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur 831014India School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Queen’s UniversityBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg PO Box 524South Africa

Functionalized implants demonstrate an upgraded approach in orthopedic implants,aiming to achieve long term success through improved bio *** coatings with multifunctionality have arisen as an effective substitute for conventional coatings,owing to their combination of various properties that are essential for bio-implants,such as osteointegration and antibacterial *** the present study,thin hopeite coatings were produced by Pulsed laser deposition(PLD)and radio frequency magnetron sputtering(RFMS)on Ti64 *** obtained hopeite coatings were annealed at 500°C in ambient air and studied in terms of surface morphology,phase composition,surface roughness,adhesion strength,antibacterial efficacy,apatite forming ability,and surface wettability by scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),atomic force microscope(AFM),tensometer,fluorescence-activated cell sorting(FACS),simulated body fluid(SBF)immersion test and contact angle goniometer,***,based on promising results obtained in the present work it can be summarized that the new generation multifunctional hopeite coating synthesized by two alternative new process routes of PLD and RFMS on Ti64 substrates,provides effective alternatives to conventional coatings,largely attributed to strong osteointegration and antibacterial character of deposited hopeite coating ensuring the overall stability of metallic orthopedic implants.

关键词： hopeite Ti64 alloy pulsed laser deposition magnetron sputtering coating implant

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Buddhist View of Life

Buddhist View of Life

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作者： ashish Shamrao Landge 陕西师范大学

学位级别：硕士

在现代社会,人们对于生命的重视和关注超越了之前,特别是伴随着动物权利的提出,使得人们对于生命的理解有了不同的观念。在现有的各种文化中,对于生命的阐释也都各有不同,这种多元的生命观能够为现代人类社会的和谐和发展提供有益的视... 详细信息

在现代社会,人们对于生命的重视和关注超越了之前,特别是伴随着动物权利的提出,使得人们对于生命的理解有了不同的观念。在现有的各种文化中,对于生命的阐释也都各有不同,这种多元的生命观能够为现代人类社会的和谐和发展提供有益的视野。佛教作为一种印度的宗教,进入中国社会后,与中国传统文化交融,历经漫长的发展,已经成为中国文化的一部分,并影响了中国人对待生命的观念。对于佛教生命观的研究有助于推进中国哲学在生命哲学的层面深入发展,同时也有助于理解佛教内部不同理论之间的问题意识和彼此的关联。通过对佛教生命观的研究,也能够为现代社会的生命观提供一种新的视野。佛教的生命观包含了三个维度。第一个维度是生命的流转维度,这一维度在佛教中表现为缘起论。佛教的缘起观念虽然有时被描述为一切由条件生起的观念,但缘起观念主要地是描述生命的流转过程,其主要地阐明了生命如何从生到死,引发这一过程的动力和条件是什么。像佛教的许多其他概念一样,它自释迦牟尼时代以来已经发展和扩展。佛陀发现人类的存在以及包含它的世界都处于不断变化的状态,这是缘起的核心。从无明到老死的缘起顺序并不总是存在于尼柯耶中,它通常以精简版的形式出现,曾出现了九支和十支缘起的说法。不过,佛教的缘起观通常就是十二支,即无明、行、识、名色、六处、触、受、爱、取、有、生、老死等十二支。无明通常是指对四圣谛的无知(Avijja)。Avijja表示误解或欺骗;它使我们将虚假和虚幻的事物与真实的事物混为一谈。行(Sankhara)在巴利语中是kamma(行动)的意思。识(Vinnana)是一个梵文词,意思是“意识”。识始于来世的结生心,这是前世善业或恶业的结果。识缘名色,此中的名代表了意识的领域,但是这里的意识与结生识不同,其表现为一种认识的功能。由此引发六处,六处是六种感觉器官,它们是获得外部刺激的重要通道。由此通道引发触,触是我们的感官与外界相遇,由此引发某种感受,或者是快乐,或者是痛苦,或者是不苦不乐。在这种受的感知中,我们会引发一种对于快乐的渴求,而对痛苦避免的渴求,这就是爱(Tanha)。爱的意思是“持续饥饿”。它渴望感官对象或更多它拥有的东西。Tanha还指对视觉、听觉和其他身体器官有快乐感受的偏爱。在爱的驱动下,我们希望获得那个引发渴求的对象,这就是取(Upadana),这个巴利语结合了upa(强烈、过度)和adana(抓住、采取)这两个词,它的意思是“牢牢抓住”或“强烈的、强迫性的渴望”。由于这种精神执着的新联系,人成为了欲望的奴隶。在这种执著之下,我们造业,由此就形成了来生的种子,所有产生新存在的业都称为业有。由于业的推动,我们有了新生,并继续这一过程进入死亡,如此循环往复。这是佛教对于所有生命流转的基本描述。在缘起的视域中,佛教对于生命的理解是,生命不仅是轮回的,无尽的循环,而且生命的这种循环是由生命体内在的生理特性和后天的行动所决定的,根本来说是由于个体对于生命循环本质的无知所造成的。在这个意义上,佛教用缘起解释了生命从哪里来,到哪里去,以及为何会如此的问题。一般认为,缘起观是佛教与其他任何一种宗教所不同的宗教理论所在。很多宗教对于生命的描述都是基于造物主,生命由其所造,并且生命最终的归宿也是回到造物主那里。但是佛教完全没有按照这一逻辑,而是从生命本身寻找答案,正如我们所见的那样,十二缘起不过是生命自身的生理和心理因素的聚合,佛教发现了其中的因果关联而已,这种描述甚至有些像是现代心理学的描述,而不像是一种宗教的描述。佛教唯一体现其宗教特殊性之处就在于承认生命的轮回,这就超出了现代心理学的考察范围。但是不论如何,佛教的缘起观念确实具有一种心理学的特性。佛教关于生命的第二个维度是六道理论。六道实际上是佛教认定的六种生命形态,即天、阿修罗、人、畜生、恶鬼、地狱。这六种生命形态被称为六道,原因是生命是以它们作为通道,流转于这六种形态之中,没有一种生命具有一种确定的形态。在这六种生命形态中,具有鲜明的价值高低的特征。一般认为,前三道属于善道,后三道属于恶道。善恶的区分在这里是作为一种生命处境的描述,善道即环境优良的,令人愉悦的,恶道则相反。一个生命会进入不同价值层级的生命形态则被认为完全由其业力所决定。造作善业则进入善道,反之进入恶道。在六道中,尽管天界是最令人愉悦的层级,那里被描述为几乎没有痛苦,生命处于良好的状态。但是佛教并不主张或鼓励众生修行到天界,因为在那里过于舒适的环境并不能帮助修行者进步,一般来说,人界被认为比较适合修行,这里有好也有坏的事情,能够帮助修行者快速进入涅槃。此外,一个值得注意的问题是,根据科学研究,植物肯定会对疼痛做出负面反应,但它们的感受与人类不同。早期巴利文经典的著作大多对植物在轮回存在中的作用保持沉默。后来的佛经更明确地指出植物不被视为众生。佛教关于生命的第三个维度的论

关键词：佛教缘起六道涅槃苦

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Coronavirus Disease-2019(COVID-19)and the Liver

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第2期9卷 247-255页

作者： Anshuman Elhence Manas Vaishnav Sagnik Biswas ashish Chauhan Abhinav Anand Shalimar Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Gastroenterology Indira Gandhi Medical CollegeShimlaIndia

Within a year of its emergence,coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)has evolved into a *** has emerged during the past 1 year is that,apart from its potentially fatal respiratory presentation from which the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)derives its name,it presents with a myriad of gastrointestinal(GI)and liver *** of the angiotensinconverting enzyme-2(ACE-2)receptor throughout the GI tract and liver,which is the receptor for the SARS-CoV-2,may be responsible for the GI and liver *** acting directly via the ACE-2 receptor,the virus triggers a potent immune response,which might have a role in *** virus leads to derangement in liver function tests in close to 50%of the *** impact of these derangements in patients with a normal underlying liver seems to be *** clinical presentations include acute decompensation and acute-on-chronic liver failure in a patient with chronic liver disease,leading to high *** data suggests that,contrary to intuition,liver transplant recipients and patients with autoimmune liver disease on immunosuppression do not have increased *** exact mechanism underlying why immunosuppressed patients fare well as compared to other patients remains to be *** newer variants of COVID-19,which can spread faster than the original strain,the data on hepatic manifestations needs to be updated to keep a step ahead of the virus.

关键词： Transaminitis Cirrhosis Vaccine ACLF

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