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Effect of weight-adjusted antimicrobial antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative dosage and surgical site infection incidence in total joint arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第4期15卷 318-320页

作者： ashim Gupta Vijay kumar Jain Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Future BiologicsLawrencevilleGA 30043United States Department of Orthopaedics South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute(STORI Inc.)LaredoTX 78045United States Department of Regenerative Medicine BioIntegrateLawrencevilleGA 30043United States Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Regenerative OrthopaedicsNoida 201301India Department of Orthopaedics Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical SciencesDr Ram Manohar Lohia HospitalNew Delhi 110001India

Surgical site infections(SSI)following total joint arthroplasty pose a significant concern for both providers and patients across the ***,administration of antimicrobial antibiotic prophylaxis is used throughout the world to reduce the incidence of ***,the correct dosage and frequency of administration remains *** this editorial,we emphasized the determination of the effect of administration of weight-adjusted antimicrobial antibiotic prophylaxis regime on the incidence of SSI and postoperative dosage reduction compared to the conventionally used regime during total joint *** results demonstrated similar efficacy between both regimes with respect to the incidence of *** addition,weight-adjustment led to reduced postoperative dosage and has the potential to reduce chances of achieving lower therapeutic concentration,drug resistance,drug toxicity,and costs.

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicrobial prophylaxis Weight-adjusted Surgical site infections Total joint arthroplasty Knee arthroplasty Hip arthroplasty

Autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics:Different types and their effectiveness in managing knee osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 400-403页

Knees are the most commonly impacted weight-bearing joints in osteoarthritis(OA),affecting millions of people *** increasing life spans and obesity rates,the incidence of knee OA will further increase,leading to a significant increase in the economic *** treatment modalities utilized to manage knee OA have *** the last decade,the role of various autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics(APBOs)for the treatment of knee OA has been extensively *** editorial provided an overview and focused on defining and shedding light on the current state of evidence based on the most recent published clinical studies concerning the use of APBO for the management of knee *** numerous studies have demonstrated promising results for these preparations,a notable gap exists in the comparative analysis of these diverse *** absence of head-to-head studies poses a considerable challenge for physicians/surgeons in determining the optimal preparation for managing knee OA and achieving sustained longterm ***,more adequately powered,multicenter,prospective,doubleblind,randomized controlled trials with longer follow-ups are needed to establish the long-term efficacy and to aid physicians/surgeons in determining the optimal APBO for the management of knee OA.

关键词： Knee osteoarthritis Platelet-rich plasma Platelet lysate Autologous conditioned serum Gold-induced cytokine Plasma rich in growth factors Growth factor concentrate Autologous protein solution Platelet-rich fibrin Hyperacute serum

Biochar potentially enhances maize tolerance to arsenic toxicity by improving physiological and biochemical responses to excessive arsenate

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1222-1242页

作者： Md.Mezanur Rahman ashim kumar das Sharmin Sultana Protik kumar Ghosh Md.Robyul Islam Sanjida Sultana Keya Minhaz Ahmed Sheikh Arafat Islam Nihad MdArifur Rahman Khan Mylea C.Lovell Md.Abiar Rahman S.M.Ahsan Touhidur Rahman Anik Pallavi Fnu Lam-Son Phan Tran Mohammad Golam Mostofa Department of Plant Soil ScienceInstitute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress ToleranceTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409USA Department of Agroforestry EnvironmentBangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur 1706Bangladesh Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(IBGE) Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur 1706Bangladesh Department of Agronomy Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur 1706Bangladesh Plant Pathology Division Bangladesh Rice Research InstituteGazipur 1701Bangladesh Department of Agriculture Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman ScienceTechnology UniversityGopalganj 8100Bangladesh Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Plant Resilience Institute Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

Metalloid pollution,including arsenic poisoning,is a serious environmental issue,plaguing plant productivity and quality of life ***,a carbon-rich material,has been known to alleviate the negative effects of environmental pollutants on ***,the specific role of biochar in mitigating arsenic stress in maize remains relatively ***,we elucidated the functions of biochar in improving maize growth under the elevated level of sodium arsenate(Na_(2)AsO_(4),AsV).Maize plants were grown in pot-soils amended with two doses of biochar(2.5%(B1)and 5.0%(B2)biochar Kg^(−1) of soil)for 5 days,followed by exposure to Na_(2)AsO_(4)(’B1+AsV’and’B2+AsV’)for 9 *** plants exposed to AsV only accumulated substantial amount of arsenic in both roots and leaves,triggering severe phytotoxic effects,including stunted growth,leaf-yellowing,chlorosis,reduced photosynthesis,and nutritional imbalance,when compared with control ***,biochar addition improved the phenotype and growth of AsV-stressed maize plants by reducing root-to-leaf AsV translocation(by 46.56 and 57.46%in‘B1+AsV’and‘B2+AsV’plants),improving gas-exchange attributes,and elevating chlorophylls and mineral levels beyond AsV-stressed *** pretreatment also substantially counteracted AsV-induced oxidative stress by lowering reactive oxygen species accumulation,lipoxygenase activity,malondialdehyde level,and electrolyte *** oxidative stress in‘B1+AsV’and‘B2+AsV’plants likely supported by a strong antioxidant system powered by biochar-mediated increased activities of superoxide dismutase(by 25.12 and 46.55%),catalase(51.78 and 82.82%),and glutathione S-transferase(61.48 and 153.83%),and improved flavonoid levels(41.48 and 75.37%,respectively).Furthermore,increased levels of soluble sugars and free amino acids also correlated with improved leaf relative water content,suggesting a better osmotic acclimatization mechanism in biochar-pretreated AsV-exposed plants.

关键词： Arsenic contamination Antioxidant defense system Biochar Gas-exchange attributes Nutrient dynamics Oxidative stress

Highly Efficient Back‑End‑of‑Line Compatible Flexible Si‑Based Optical Memristive Crossbar Array for Edge Neuromorphic Physiological Signal Processing and Bionic Machine Vision

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 323-339页

作者： Dayanand kumar Hanrui Li Dhananjay D.Kumbhar Manoj kumar Rajbhar Uttam kumar das Abdul Momin Syed Georgian Melinte Nazek El‑Atab Smart Advanced Memory Devices and Applications(SAMA)LaboratoryElectrical and Computer EngineeringComputer Electrical Mathematical Science and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)23955‑6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia

The emergence of the Internet-of-Things is anticipated to create a vast market for what are known as smart edge devices,opening numerous opportunities across countless domains,including personalized healthcare and advanced *** 3D integration,edge devices can achieve unprecedented miniaturization while simultaneously boosting processing power and minimizing energy ***,we demonstrate a back-end-of-line compatible optoelectronic synapse with a transfer learning method on health care applications,including electroencephalogram(EEG)-based seizure prediction,electromyography(EMG)-based gesture recognition,and electrocardiogram(ECG)-based arrhythmia *** experiments on three biomedical datasets,we observe the classification accuracy improvement for the pretrained model with 2.93%on EEG,4.90%on ECG,and 7.92%on EMG,*** optical programming property of the device enables an ultralow power(2.8×10^(-13) J)fine-tuning process and offers solutions for patient-specific issues in edge computing ***,the device exhibits impressive light-sensitive characteristics that enable a range of light-triggered synaptic functions,making it promising for neuromorphic vision *** display the benefits of these intricate synaptic properties,a 5×5 optoelectronic synapse array is developed,effectively simulating human visual perception and memory *** proposed flexible optoelectronic synapse holds immense potential for advancing the fields of neuromorphic physiological signal processing and artificial visual systems in wearable applications.

关键词： Neuromorphic computing Electrophysiological signal Artificial vision system Image recognition Memristor

Identification of optimal composition with superior electrochemical properties along the zero Mn^(3+)line in Na_(0.75)(Mn-Al-Ni)O_(2)pseudo ternary system

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 206-216页

作者： Hari Narayanan Vasavan Manish Badole Samriddhi Saxena Velaga Srihari Asish kumar das Pratiksha Gami Neha Dagar Sonia Deswal Pradeep kumar Himanshu kumar Poswal Sunil kumar Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology IndoreSimrol 453552India High Pressure&Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre400085 MumbaiIndia School of Physical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology MandiHimachal Pradesh 175005India Center for Electric Vehicle and Intelligent Transport Systems Indian Institute of Technology IndoreSimrol 453552India

Biphasic layered oxide cathodes,known for their superior electrochemical performance,are prime candidates for commercializing in Na-ion ***,we unveil a series of P3/P2 monophasic and biphasic Al-substituted Na_(3/4)Mn_(5-x/8)Al_(2x/8)Ni_(3-x/8)O_(2)layered oxide cathodes that lie along the‘zero Mn^(3+)line’in the Na_(3/4)(Mn-Al-Ni)O_(2)pseudo-ternary *** structural analysis showed a larger Na^(+)conduction bottleneck area in both P3 and P2 structures with a higher Al3+content,which enhanced their rate *** each composition,the P3/P2 biphasic compound with nearly equal fractions of P3 and P2 phases outperformed their monophasic counterparts in almost all electrochemical performance *** synchrotron XRD measurements obtained for the monophasic P3 and biphasic P2/P3 samples revealed the absence of the O3 phase during *** high structure stability and faster Na^(+)transport kinetics in the biphasic samples underpins the enhancement of electrochemical properties in the Al-substituted P3/P2 *** results highlight fixed oxidation state lines as a novel tool to identify and design layered oxide cathodes for Na-ion batteries in pseudo-ternary diagrams involving Jahn-Teller active cations.

关键词： Layered oxides Biphasic cathode Operando Synchrotron XRD Electrochemical behavior Cyclic performance

Resistance and resilience of soil biological indicators:A case study with multi-walled carbon nanotube

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 664-675页

作者： Shagufta YASMEEN Nintu MANDAL Anupam das Pritam GANGULY Sanjay kumar Rajiv RAKSHIT Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Bihar Agricultural UniversitySabourBhagalpur 813210(India) Department of Agronomy Bihar Agricultural UniversitySabourBhagalpur 813210(India)

Soil ecosystem is experiencing stresses due to climate change,and soil inhabitants try to demonstrate their inherent resistance and resilience against those *** of nanomaterials as agricultural inputs could bring shifts in resistance and resilience patterns of soil microbes and associated enzymes,especially under short-term heat *** this background,the impacts of multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)on the resistance and resilience of soil biological indicators were *** incubation experiment was conducted with varied MWCNT concentrations(0,50,100,250,and 500 mg kg-1soil)for 90 d after 24-h heat stress at 48±2?C to assess the impacts of MWCNT on soil enzyme activities and microbial populations vis-à-vis their resistance and resilience indices under short-term exposure to heat *** activities were reduced after exposure to heat *** indices of enzyme activities were enhanced by MWCNT application on day 1 after heat stress,whereas there was no recovery of enzyme activities after 90-d *** soil enzyme activities,resistance index values of soil microbial populations followed the similar trend and were improved by MWCNT ***-walled carbon nanotube has the potential to improve resistance indices of soil enzyme activities and microbial populations under heat stress,although they could not recover to their original state during periodical incubation after heat *** study helps to understand the relative changes of biological indicators under MWCNT and their ability to withstand heat stress.

关键词： enzyme activity heat stress microbial population nanomaterial recovery

Spatio-temporal variation and relationship between agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity in a semi-arid region of India

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 123-139页

作者： Shibu das Kaushal kumar SHARMA Suranjan MAJUMDER Debabrata das Indrajit Roy CHOWDHURY Centre for the Study of Regional Development School of Social SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi110067India Department of Geography&Applied Geography University of North BengalDarjeeling734013India Geography Department of Krishnagar Government College Krishnagar741101India

A surging population in Karnataka State,a semi-arid region in India,poses a threat to both food security and livelihood sustainability,necessitating a concentrated effort to bolster agricultural efficiency and achieve United Naton’s Sustainable Development Goal 2(zero hunger).Therefore,in order to address the pressing issue of food scarcity in Karnataka,this study meticulously examined the spatio-temporal variation of agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity in Karnataka,uncovering its significant dependence of agricultural efficiency on irrigation ***,this study used a one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)to ascertain significant differences in the means of agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity during 2004-2005 and *** study showed that the maximum improvement in agricultural efficiency index was recorded in Belgaum(40.24),Gulbarga(24.77),and Yadgir districts(22.92)between 2004-2005 and 2018-2019,which indicated the progressing trend and better scope for agriculture *** the contrary,some districts expressed threat(a decline of above 20.00 of agricultural efficiency index)and needed special care for the improvement of agricultural efficiency in four northern districts(Bagalkot,Bidar,Raichur,and Bijapur),three southern districts(Chitradurga,Chikballapur and Hassan),and two southern districts(Koppal and Gadag)in *** 2004-2005,irrigation intensity varied from 3.19%to 56.39%,with the lowest irrigation intensity in Kodagu District and the highest irrigation intensity in Shimoga *** 2018-2019,irrigation intensity changed from 0.77%to 72.77%,with the lowest irrigation intensity in Kodagu District and the highest in Dakshin Kannad ***,the research scrutinized the complex relationship between agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity,with the correlation coefficient increased from 0.162 during 2004-2005 to 0.255 during *** implies that in both periods,a low positive

关键词： Agricultural efficiency Irrigation intensity One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) Food security Karnataka

Efficacy of stromal vascular fraction for knee osteoarthritis:A prospective,single-centre,non-randomized study with 2 years follow-up

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 457-468页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Naveen Jeyaraman Tarun Jayakumar Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Rajni Ranjan Saurabh kumar Jha ashim Gupta Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201310India Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine South Texas Orthopaedic Research InstituteLaredoTX 78045United States Department of Orthopaedics KIMS-Sunshine HospitalHyderabadTelangana 500032India Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennaiTamil Nadu 600002India Department of Orthopaedics School of Medical Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201306India Department of Zoology Kalindi CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110008India Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Regenerative OrthopaedicsNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Future BiologicsLawrencevilleGA 30043United States Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine BioIntegrateLawrencevilleGA 30043United States

BACKGROUND Current osteoarthritis(OA)treatments focus on symptom relief without addressing the underlying disease *** regenerative medicine,current treatments have *** regenerative medicine,more research is needed for intra-articular stromal vascular fraction(SVF)injections in OA,including dosage optimization,long-term efficacy,safety,comparisons with other treatments,and mechanism *** To compare the efficacy of intra-articular SVF with corticosteroid(ICS)injections in patients with primary knee *** The study included 50 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grades II and III *** were randomly assigned(1:1)to receive either a single intra-articular SVF injection(group A)or a single intra-articular ICS(triamcinolone)(group B)*** were followed up at 1,3,6,12,and 24 *** analog score(VAS)and International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)scores were administered before the procedure and at all *** safety of SVF in terms of adverse and severe adverse events was *** analysis was performed with SPSS Version 26.0,IBM Corp,Chicago,IL,United *** Both groups had similar demographics and baseline clinical ***-up showed minor patient loss,resulting in 23 and 24 in groups A and B *** A experienced a notable reduction in pain,with VAS scores decreasing from 7.7 to 2.4 over 24 months,compared to a minor reduction from 7.8 to 6.2 in Group *** difference in pain reduction in group A was statistically significant from the third month ***,Group A showed significant improvements in knee functionality,with IKDC scores rising from 33.4 to 83.10,whereas Group B saw a modest increase from 36.7 to *** improvement in Group A was statistically significant from 6 months and maintained through 24 *** Our study demonstrated that intra-articular administration of SVF can lead to reduced pain and improved knee function in pa

关键词： Knee osteoarthritis Adipose tissue Stromal vascular fraction Regenerative medicine Orthobiologics

Choosing ankle tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery: Beyond postoperative pain considerations

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期15卷 828-830页

作者： Samir Ghandour Vijay kumar Jain ashim Gupta The Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of BalamandBeirut 1100Lebanon Department of Orthopaedics Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical SciencesDr Ram Manohar Lohia HospitalNew DelhiDelhi 110001India Department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Future BiologicsLawrencevilleGA 30043United States

This editorial critically explores the use of ankle vs thigh tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery based on a recent study that found no significant difference in postoperative pain between the two placement *** these findings,we argue for the preferential use of ankle tourniquets,highlighting their potential benefits in reducing venous blood stasis and minimizing soft tissue *** approach underscores the importance of considering long-term patient outcomes and vascular health beyond immediate postoperative *** integrating study findings with broader clinical considerations,we hereby advocate for a nuanced approach to tourniquet use that prioritizes patient safety and long-term recovery in conjunction with immediate postoperative pain.

关键词： Lower extremity Deep venous thrombosis Recovery Postoperative outco-mes Intraoperative decision-making