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Risk of infection with arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan based on seroprevalence

VIROLOGICA SINICA 2024年第3期39卷 369-377页

作者： Chen, Shengyao Saqib, Muhammad Khan, Hafiz Sajid Bai, Yuan ashfaq, usman ali Mansoor, Muhammad Khalid Moming, Abulimti Liu, Jing Zhou, Min Niazi, Saifullah Khan Wu, Qiaoli Sial, Awais-Ur-Rahman Tang, Shuang Sarfraz, Muhammad Hassan Javed, Aneela Hayat, Sumreen Khurshid, Mohsin Khan, Iahtasham Athar, Muhammad Ammar Taj, Zeeshan Zhang, Bo Deng, Fei Zohaib, ali Shen, Shu Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Virol Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Wuhan Inst Virol Natl Virus Resource Ctr Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Hubei Jiangxia Lab Wuhan 430200 Peoples R China Univ Agr Faisalabad Fac Vet Sci Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan Childrens Hosp Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan Govt Coll Univ Faisalabad Dept Bioinformat & Biotechnol Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan Islamia Univ Bahawalpur Fac Vet & Anim Sci Dept Microbiol Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan Chinese Acad Sci Wuhan Inst Virol Ctr Biosafety Mega Sci Key Lab Special Pathogens & Biosafety Wuhan 430071 Hubei Peoples R China Armed Forces Inst Pathol AFIP Rawalpindi 46000 Pakistan Pir Mehr ali Shah Arid Agr Univ Fac Vet & Anim Sci Dept Clin Studies Rawalpindi 46300 Pakistan Govt Coll Univ Faisalabad Inst Microbiol Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan Natl Univ Sci & Technol Atta Ur Rahman Sch Appl Biosci Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Univ Vet & Anim Sci Dept Clin Sci Lahore Subcampus Jhang 35200 Pakistan Natl Med Ctr Dept Mol Pathol DHA Phase 1 Karachi 75500 Pakistan

Infectious diseases caused by arboviruses are a public health concern in Pakistan. However, studies on data prevalence and threats posed by arboviruses are limited. This study investigated the seroprevalence of arboviruses in a healthy population in Pakistan, including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), Tamdy virus (TAMV), and Karshi virus (KSIV) based on a newly established luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assays, and Zika virus (ZIKV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Neutralizing activities against these arboviruses were further examined from the antibody positive samples. The results showed that the seroprevalence of SFTSV, CCHFV, TAMV, KSIV, and ZIKV was 17.37%, 7.58%, 4.41%, 1.10%, and 6.48%, respectively, and neutralizing to SFTSV (1.79%), CCHFV (2.62%), and ZIKV (0.69%) were identified, as well as to the SFTSV-related Guertu virus (GTV, 0.83%). Risk factors associated with the incidence of exposure and levels of antibody response were analyzed. Moreover, co-exposure to different arboviruses was demonstrated, as thirty-seven individuals were having antibodies against multiple viruses and thirteen showed neutralizing activity. Males, individuals aged <= 40 years, and outdoor workers had a high risk of exposure to arboviruses. All these results reveal the substantial risks of infection with arboviruses in Pakistan, and indicate the threat from co-exposure to multiple arboviruses. The findings raise the need for further epidemiologic investigation in expanded regions and populations and the necessity to improve health surveillance in Pakistan.

关键词： Arbovirus Pakistan Seroprevalence Tick -borne virus Mosquito -borne virus

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Data Temperature Informed Streaming for Optimising Large-Scale Multi-Tiered Storage

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 371-398页

作者： Dominic Davies-Tagg Ashiq Anjum ali Zahir Lu Liu Muhammad usman Yaseen Nick Antonopoulos Department of Computing University of DerbyDerbyDE221GBUK Department of Informatics University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan Edinburgh Napier University EdinburghEH114BNUK

Data temperature is a response to the ever-growing amount of *** data have to be stored,but they have been observed that only a small portion of the data are accessed more frequently at any one *** leads to the concept of hot and cold *** data can be migrated away from high-performance nodes to free up performance for higher priority *** studies classify hot and cold data primarily on the basis of data age and usage *** present this as a limitation in the current implementation of data *** is due to the fact that age automatically assumes that all new data have priority and that usage is purely *** propose new variables and conditions that influence smarter decision-making on what are hot or cold data and allow greater user control over data location and their *** identify new metadata variables and user-defined variables to extend the current data temperature *** further establish rules and conditions for limiting unnecessary movement of the data,which helps to prevent wasted input output(I/O)*** also propose a hybrid algorithm that combines existing variables and new variables and conditions into a single data *** proposed system provides higher accuracy,increases performance,and gives greater user control for optimal positioning of data within multi-tiered storage solutions.

关键词： data temperature hot and cold data multi-tiered storage metadata variable multi-temperature system

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A review on marine collagen:sources,extraction methods,colloids properties,and food applications

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胶原与皮革（英文） 2024年第1期6卷 1-27页

作者： Shahzad Farooq Muhammad Ijaz Ahmad Shijie Zheng usman ali Yang Li Cui Shixiu Hui Zhang Jiaxing Institute of Future Food Jiaxing 314050China College of Biosys-tems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Jiaxing Institute of Future Food Jiaxing 314050China College of Biosys-tems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The growing interest in valorizing industrial by-products has led researchers to focus on exploring different sources and optimizing collagen extraction conditions over the past *** bovine hide,cattle bones,pork,and pig skins remain the most abundant collagen sources,there is a growing trend in the industrial utilization of collagen from non-mammalian *** review explores alternative marine collagen sourcesand summarizes emerging trends in collagen recovery from marine sources,with a particular focus on environmentally friendly ***-tionally,this review covers the colloidal structure-forming properties of marine collagens,including foam,film,gel,and emulsion *** also highlights the potential and important applications of marine collagen in various food *** on the currently reported marine sources,collagens extracted from fish,jellyfish,and sea cucumbers were found to have the highest yield and mostly comprised type-l collagen,while crustaceans and mollusks yielded lower percentages of *** extraction techniques isolate collagen based on acetic acid and pepsin treatment,but they come with drawbacks such as being time-consuming,causing sample destruction,and using ***,marine collagen extracted using conventional methods assisted with ultrasonication resulted in higher yields and strengthened the triple-stranded helical ***,an increasing number of new applications have been found in the food industry for marine collagens,such as biodegradable film-forming materi-als,colloid stabilizers,foaming agents,and micro-encapsulating ***,collagen is a modern foodstuff and is extensively used in the beverage,dairy,and meat industries to increase the stability,consistency,and elasticity of products.

关键词： Marine collagen Jellyfish Sea cucumber Colloid stabilizer Edible film Dairy product

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Circulating tumor DNA and its role in detection, prognosis and therapeutics of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第2期36卷 195-214页

作者： Sana Rashid Yingchuan Sun Umair ali Khan Saddozai Sikandar Hayyat Muhammad usman Munir Muhammad usman Akbar Muhammad Babar Khawar Zhiguang Ren Xinying Ji Malik Ihsan Ullah Khan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of LahoreLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Internal Oncology(Section Ⅰ) Xuchang Municipal Central HospitalXuchang 461000China Institute of Translational Medicine Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001China Australian Institute for Bioengineering&Nanotechnology the University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Gomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan 29111Pakistan Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowal Punjab 51600Pakistan Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory for Infection and Biosafety Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects Shu-Qing Medical College of ZhengzhouZhengzhou 450064China Department of Medicine Huaxian County People's HospitalHuaxian 456400China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is considered the fifth most prevalent cancer among all types of cancers and has the third most morbidity value. It has the most frequent duplication time and a high recurrence rate. Recently, the most unique technique used is liquid biopsies, which carry many markers;the most prominent is circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA). Varied methods are used to investigate ctDNA, including various forms of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) [emulsion PCR(ePCR), digital PCR(dPCR), and bead, emulsion, amplification, magnetic(BEAMing) PCR]. Hence ctDNA is being recognized as a potential biomarker that permits early cancer detection,treatment monitoring, and predictive data on tumor burden are subjective to therapy or surgery. Numerous ctDNA biomarkers have been investigated based on their alterations such as 1) single nucleotide variations(either insertion or deletion of a nucleotide) markers including TP53, KRAS, and CCND1;2) copy number variations which include markers such as CDK6, EFGR, MYC and BRAF;3) DNA methylation(RASSF1A, SEPT9, KMT2C and CCNA2);4) homozygous mutation includes ctDNA markers as CDKN2A, AXIN1;and 5) gain or loss of function of the genes, particularly for HCC. Various researchers have conducted many studies and gotten fruitful ***, there are some drawbacks to ctDNA namely low quantity, fragment heterogeneity, less stability, limited mutant copies and standards, and differential sensitivity. However, plenty of investigations demonstrate ctDNA's significance as a polyvalent biomarker for cancer and can be viewed as a future diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic agent. This article overviews many conditions in genetic changes linked to the onset and development of HCC, such as dysregulated signaling pathways, somatic mutations, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and genomic instability. Additionally, efforts are also made to develop treatments for HCC that are molecularly targeted and to unravel some of the genetic pathways that f

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers single nucleotide variations diagnosis prognosis

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Genuine entanglement under squeezed generalized amplitude damping channels with memory

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 158-163页

作者： Mazhar ali Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIslamic University MadinahMadinah 107Saudi Arabia

We study genuine entanglement among three qubits undergoing a noisy process that includes dissipation, squeezing,and decoherence. We obtain a general solution and analyze the asymptotic quantum states. We find that most of these asymptotic states can be genuinely entangled depending upon the parameters of the channel, memory parameter, and the parameters of the initial states. We study Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger(GHZ) states and W states, mixed with white noise,and determine the conditions for them to be genuinely entangled at infinity. We find that for these mixtures, it is possible to start with a bi-separable state(with a specific mixture of white noise) and end with genuine entangled states. However, the memory parameter μ must be very high. We find that in contrast to the two-qubit case, none of the three-qubit asymptotic states for n → ∞ are genuinely entangled.

关键词： genuine entanglement squeezed thermal baths multipartite states

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Heat transfer analysis in particle-laden flows using the immersed boundary method

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 394-403页

作者： ali Abbas Zaidi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Manitoba75A Chancellors CircleWinnipegR3T 5V6Canada

This paper investigates an efficient immersed boundary method(IBM)for multiple-core CPU machines with local grid refinement for the calculation of heat transfer between fluids and finite-sized *** fluid momentum equations are solved by using the fractional step method,while the energy equation is solved by employing the second-order Adams-Bashforth *** efficient load balancing between the CPU cores,the coupling between particles and fluid is obtained by applying the body force in the fluid equations,which depends on the solid volume fraction of particles contained in each grid cell,and then by linearly interpolating the particle temperature and velocity on the fluid grid cell(in place of the delta function commonly used in literature).Several test cases from the literature are studied,and good agreement is observed between the simulation results and the ***,a scaling study on multiple core machines is performed,demonstrating the proposed IBM's capabilities for a significant reduction in processing time.

关键词： Heat transfer Immersed boundary method Particle resolved direct numerical simulations Fluid solid interactions

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Simulation of the deformable lateral boundaries in biaxial test using DEM

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 161-175页

作者： ali Momeni Barry Clarke Yong Sheng ali Hassanpour WSP 3 Wellington PlaceLeedsLS1 4APUK Hull University HullHU6 7RXUK School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK School of Computer Science University of HullHullHU6 7RXUK School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK

Applying the discrete element method(DEM)in soil mechanics can provide abundant information at the particle-scale and facilitates illustration of the macro-mechanical behaviour of soils based on the inter-particle *** triaxial test is one of the most common laboratory methods to study the macro-mechanical behaviour of particulate materials such as ***,many problems in geotechnical design can be assumed and simplified as a plane strain *** a biaxial test can be conducted to reproduce the macro-mechanical behaviour of soil,where the sample is enclosed by two horizontal rigid platens and a vertical latex membrane,which is a deformable continuous element and allows the enclosed specimen to deform freely while maintaining confining stress during *** paper presents an algorithm to represent physical and mechanical characteristics of latex membrane in the 2D DEM simulation of biaxial test using the PFC^(2D) *** investigate the impact of the lateral boundary conditions on the micro-macro mechanical behaviours of soil samples,two sets of DEM biaxial tests are conducted,*** rigid and deformable lateral boundary *** DEM modeling results indicate that the lateral boundary conditions have a significant effect on the micro-scale fabric properties,thickness and inclination of the shear *** comparison between these two simulations also demonstrates that the lateral boundary conditions play a major role in the peak and post-peak stress-strain behaviours as well as the dilation and critical state behaviours of granular soils.

关键词： Discrete element method Biaxial test Deformable boundaries Shear band Critical state Fabric anisotropy Geometrical stability index

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Sensing the heavy water concentration in an H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture by solid-solid phononic crystals

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 493-498页

作者： Mohammadreza Rahimi ali Bahrami Optoelectronic and Nanophotonics Research Laboratory(ONRL) Faculty of Electrical EngineeringSahand University of TechnologyTabrizIran

A new method based on phononic crystals is presented to detect the concentration of heavy water(D_(2)O)in an H_(2)O-D_(2)O *** have been obtained and analyzed in the concentration range of 0%-10%and 90%-100%D_(2)O.A proposed structure of tungsten scatterers in an aluminum host is *** order to detect the target material,a cavity region is considered as a sound wave resonator in which the target material with different concentrations of D_(2)O is *** changing the concentration of D_(2)O in the H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture,the resonance frequency undergoes a frequency *** 1%change in D_(2)O concentration in the H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture causes a frequency change of about 120 *** finite element method is used as the numerical method to calculate and analyze the natural frequencies and transmission spectra of the proposed *** performance evaluation index shows a high Q factor up to 1475758 and a high sensitivity up to 13075,which are acceptable values for sensing *** other figures of merit related to the detection performance also indicate high-quality performance of the designed sensor.

关键词： phononic crystals sensor H_(2)O-D_(2)O mixture cavity

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Note on Lower Triassic Gondolelloid Conodont Rediversifications with Emphasis on the Spathian Recovery

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1236-1242页

作者： ali Murat Kilic Department of Geological Engineering Faculty of EngineeringBalikesir UniversityBalikesir99100Turkey

Conodonts,as a biotic group,next to ammonoids,pollen and spores,crustaceans and vertebrates,provide proxy clues for environment and age assessments of the rocks in which they *** are widely used for Triassic marine ***,there are various discussions about their multielement taxonomy and evolutionary lineages(e.g.,generation,speciation).Although first studies reported that most Triassic conodont species were unimembrate,studies carried out in the following years maintained that all Triassic conodonts were *** statistical reconstructions of a number of Triassic apparatuses were attempted,the discovery of fused clusters and natural assemblages has subsequently demonstrated that Triassic conodonts are indeed multimembrate,and all of the elements exist together in the same *** present paper aims to clarify the evolutionary relationship and array of some Lower Triassic *** dagisi *** described.

关键词： Triassic Spathian conodont Columbitella Siberia environmental geology

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Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHMED Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla SHAHID Imran ali Hafiz Muhammad ali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM *** addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

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