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Projection of precipitation extremes over South Asia from CMIP6 GCMs

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第3期15卷 274-296页

作者： Adnan ABBAS asher S BHATTI Safi ULLAH Waheed ULLAH Muhammad WASEEM ZHAO Chengyi DOU Xin Gohar ALI Land Science Research Center Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geology Bacha Khan UniversityCharsadda 24420Pakistan Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences/Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Center of Excellence in Water Resources University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Pakistan Meteorological Department Sector H-8/2Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Extreme precipitation events are one of the most dangerous hydrometeorological disasters,often resulting in significant human and socio-economic losses *** is therefore important to use current global climate models to project future changes in precipitation *** present study aims to assess the future changes in precipitation extremes over South Asia from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)Global Climate Models(GCMs).The results were derived using the modified Mann-Kendall test,Sen's slope estimator,student's t-test,and probability density function *** extreme precipitation indices were assessed,including wet days(RR1mm),heavy precipitation days(RR10mm),very heavy precipitation days(RR20mm),severe precipitation days(RR50mm),consecutive wet days(CWD),consecutive dry days(CDD),maximum 5-day precipitation amount(RX5day),and simple daily intensity index(SDII).The future changes were estimated in two time periods for the 21^(st) century(i.e.,near future(NF;2021-2060)and far future(FF;2061-2100))under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5).The results suggest increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation indices under the SSP5-8.5 scenario towards the end of the 21^(st) century(2061-2100).Moreover,from the results of multimodel ensemble means(MMEMs),extreme precipitation indices of RR1mm,RR10mm,RR20mm,CWD,and SDII demonstrate remarkable increases in the FF period under the SSP5-8.5 *** spatial distribution of extreme precipitation indices shows intensification over the eastern part of South Asia compared to the western *** probability density function of extreme precipitation indices suggests a frequent(intense)occurrence of precipitation extremes in the FF period under the SSP5-8.5 scenario,with values up to 35.00 d for RR1mm and 25.00-35.00 d for *** potential impacts of heavy precipitation can pose serious challenges to the study area regarding floodin

关键词： precipitation extremes extreme precipitation indices climate change Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6(CMIP6) Global Climate Model(GCM) South Asia

Biochemical association between the prevalence of genetic polymorphism and myocardial infarction

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BIOCELL 2023年第3期47卷 473-484页

作者： MOMINA SHAHID KANWAL REHMAN MUHAMMAD sajid HAMID AKASH SHALEEM SUHAIL SUMBAL RASHEED MUHAMMAD IMRAN MOHAMMED AASSIRI Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Pharmacy The Women UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Research Center for Advanced Materials Science(RCAMS) King Khalid UniversityAbha62413Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha62413Saudi Arabia

Genetic polymorphism has a vital role in the pathogenesis and development of myocardial infarction(MI).Single nucleotide polymorphism at any one of the amino acid sequences can result in a diseased state.A single gene can exhibit genetic polymorphism at more than one position giving rise to different *** polymorphism of angiotensinogen(AGT)M235T,AGT T174M,and angiotensin-1-converting enzyme(ACE)I/D,endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS),and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)can be a risk factor for ***,it is important to study the prevalence of genetic polymorphisms of these genes among different *** is influenced by genetic polymorphism of various genes,including AGT,ACE,eNOS,MTHFR,***,the association of genetic polymorphism of these genes varies among different populations,but different ethnic groups could show contradictory *** genes have shown a positive association with risks of MI in some populations,whereas the results have not been consistent with every ethnic *** this article,we have summarized the genetic variations in the aforementioned genes and their association with MI.

关键词： Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase AGT M235T AGT T174M

Multivariate Aggregated NOMA for Resource Aware Wireless Network Communication Security

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1693-1708页

作者： V.Sridhar K.V.Ranga Rao Saddam Hussain Syed sajid Ullah Roobaea Alroobaea Maha Abdelhaq Raed Alsaqour ECE Department Vidya Jyothi Institute of TechnologyIndia CSE Department Neil Gogte Institute of TechnologyIndia School of Digital Science Universiti Brunei DarussalamJalanTungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam Department of Information and Communication Technology University of Agder(UiA)N-4898 GrimstadNorway Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourahbint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computing and InformaticsSaudi Electronic University93499RiyadhSaudi Arabia

NonorthogonalMultiple Access(NOMA)is incorporated into the wireless network systems to achieve better connectivity,spectral and energy effectiveness,higher data transfer rate,and also obtain the high quality of services(QoS).In order to improve throughput and minimum latency,aMultivariate Renkonen Regressive Weighted Preference Bootstrap Aggregation based Nonorthogonal Multiple Access(MRRWPBA-NOMA)technique is introduced for network *** the downlink transmission,each mobile device’s resources and their characteristics like energy,bandwidth,and trust are *** by,the Weighted Preference Bootstrap Aggregation is applied to recognize the resource-efficient mobile devices for aware data transmission by constructing the different weak hypotheses i.e.,Multivariate Renkonen Regression *** on the classification,resource and trust-aware devices are selected for *** of the proposed MRRWPBA-NOMA technique and existing methods are carried out with different metrics such as data delivery ratio,throughput,latency,packet loss rate,and energy efficiency,signaling *** simulation results assessment indicates that the proposed MRRWPBA-NOMA outperforms well than the conventional methods.

关键词： Mobile network multivariate renkonen regression weighted preference bootstrap aggregation resource-aware secure data communication NOMA

A Novel Network Screening Methodology for Rural Low-Volume Roads

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2023年第4期13卷 599-614页

作者： Ahmed Al-Kaisy sajid Raza Department of Civil Engineering Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA Western Transportation Institute Bozeman Montana USA

Low-volume roads (LVRs) are an integral part of the rural transportation network providing access to remote rural areas and facilitating the movement of goods from farms to markets. These roads pose unique challenges for highway agencies including those related to safety management on the highway network. Specifically, traditional network screening methods using crash history can be effective in screening rural highways with higher traffic volumes and more frequent crashes. However, these traditional methods are often ineffective in screening LVR networks due to low traffic volumes and the sporadic nature of crash occurrence. Further, many of the LVRs are owned and operated by local agencies that may lack access to detailed crash, traffic and roadway data and the technical expertise within their staff. Therefore, there is a need for more efficient and practical network screening approaches to facilitate safety management programs on these roads. This study proposes one such approach which utilizes a heuristic scoring scheme in assessing the level of risk/safety for the purpose of network screening. The proposed scheme is developed based on the principles of US Highway Safety Manual (HSM) analysis procedures for rural highways and the fundamentals in safety science. The primary application of the proposed scheme is for ranking sites in network screening applications or for comparing multiple improvement alternatives at a specific site. The proposed approach does not require access to detailed databases, technical expertise, or exact information, making it an invaluable tool for small agencies and local governments (e.g. counties, townships, tribal governments, etc.).

关键词： Network Screening Low-Volume Roads Rural Highways Traffic Safety

Statewide GNSS-RTN Systems: Current Practices

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2023年第1期15卷 73-97页

作者： sajid Raza Ahmed Al-Kaisy Western Transportation Institute Montana State University Bozeman USA Department of Civil Engineering Montana State University Bozeman USA

The applications of geospatial technologies and positioning data embrace every sphere of modern-day science and industry. With technological advancement, the demands for highly accurate positioning services in real-time led to the development of the Global Navigation Satellite System—Real-Time Network (GNSS-RTN). While there is numerous published information on the technical aspects of the GNSS-RTN technology, information on the best practices or guidelines in building, operating, and managing the GNSS-RTN networks is lacking in practice. To better understand the current practice in establishing and operating the GNSS-RTN systems, an online questionnaire survey was sent to the GNSS-RTN system owners/operators across the U.S. Additionally, a thorough review of available literature on business models and interviews with representatives of two major manufacturers/vendors of GNSS-RTN products and services were conducted. Study results revealed a great deal of inconsistency in current practices among states in the way the GNSS-RTN systems are built, operated, and managed. Aspects of the diversity in state practices involved the business models for the GNSS-RTN systems besides the technical attributes of the network and system products. The information gathered in this study is important in helping state agencies make informed decisions as they build, expand or manage their own GNSS-RTN systems.

关键词： Real-Time Network Geospatial Data Practice Survey Current Practices Business Models Real-Time Correction

Emerging curative-intent minimally-invasive therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第5期14卷 885-895页

作者： Kylie E Zane Paul B Nagib sajid Jalil Khalid Mumtaz Mina S Makary College of Medicine The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common cause of liver malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths *** can be achieved for early stage HCC,which is defined as 3 or fewer lesions less than or equal to 3 cm in the setting of Child-Pugh A or B and an ECOG of *** outside of these criteria who can be down-staged with loco-regional therapies to resection or liver transplantation(LT)also achieve curative ***,surgical resection,LT,and ablation are considered curative therapies for early ***,results from recently conducted LEGACY study and DOSISPHERE trial demonstrate that transarterial radio-embolization has curative outcomes for early HCC,leading to its recent incorporation into the Barcelona clinic liver criteria guidelines for early *** review is based on current evidence for curativeintent loco-regional therapies including radioembolization for early-stage HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Loco-regional therapy Radiation segmentectomy Transarterial radio-embolization Ablation Transarterial chemo-embolization Curative intent

Numerical Analysis for the Effect of Irresponsible Immigrants on HIV/AIDS Dynamics

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1479-1496页

作者： Muhammad Tariq Ali Dumitru Baleanu Muhammad Rafiq Jan Awrejcewicz Nauman Ahmed Ali Raza Muhammad sajid Iqbal Muhammad Ozair Ahmad Department of Mathematics Barani Institute of SciencesBurewalaPakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of Automation Biomechanics and MechatronicsLodz University of Technology1/15 Stefanowskiego St.90-924 LodzPoland Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan H&BS MCSNational University of Science and Technology(NUST)H-12IslamabadHumayun RoadRawalpindi46000Pakistan

The human immunodeﬁciency viruses are two species of Lentivirus that infect *** time,they cause acquired immunodeﬁciency syndrome,a condition in which progressive immune system failure allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to *** immunodeﬁciency virus infection came from a type of chimpanzee in Central *** show that immunodeﬁciency viruses may have jumped from chimpanzees to humans as far back as the late *** decades,human immunodeﬁciency viruses slowly spread across Africa and later into other parts of the *** Susceptible-Infected-Recovered(SIR)models are signiﬁcant in studying disease *** this paper,we have studied the effect of irresponsible immigrants on HIV/AIDS dynamics by formulating and considering different ***,Runge Kutta,and a Non-standardﬁnite difference(NSFD)method are developed for the same *** experiments are performed at disease-free and endemic equilibria points at different time step sizes‘ℎ’.The results reveal that,unlike Euler and Runge Kutta,which fail for large time step sizes,the proposed Non-standardﬁnite difference(NSFD)method gives a convergence solution for any time step *** proposed numerical method is bounded,dynamically con-sistent,and preserves the positivity of the continuous solution,which are essential requirements when modeling a prevalent disease.

关键词： SIR model existence analysis numerical methods stability analysis

Electrochemical CO_(2) reduction to C_(2+) products using Cu-based electrocatalysts:A review

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Nano Research Energy 2022年第2期1卷 140-181页

作者： Touqeer Ahmad Shuang Liu Muhammad sajid Ke Li Mohsin Ali Liang Liu Wei Chen Department of Applied Chemistry School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA

With the disruptive carbon cycle being blamed for global warming,the plausible electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)to form valuable C_(2+)hydrocarbons and feedstock is becoming a hot ***-based electrocatalysts have been proven to be excellent CO_(2)RR alternatives for high energy value-added products in this ***,the selectivity of CO_(2)RR to form C_(2+)products via Cu-based catalysts suffers from a high overpotential,slow reaction kinetics,and low *** review attempts to discuss various cutting-edge strategies for understanding catalytic design such as Cu-based catalyst surface engineering,tuning Cu bandgap via alloying,nanocatalysis,and the effect of the electrolyte and pH on catalyst *** most recent advances in in situ spectroscopy and computational techniques are summarized to fully comprehend reaction mechanisms,structural transformation/degradation mechanisms,and crystal facet loss with subsequent effects on catalyst ***,approaches for tuning Cu interactions are discussed from four key perspectives:single-atom catalysts,interfacial engineering,metal-organic frameworks,and polymer-incorporated materials,which provide new insights into the selectivity of C_(2+)***,major challenges are outlined,and potential prospects for the rational design of catalysts for robust CO_(2)RR are *** integration of catalytic design with mechanistic understanding is a step forward in the promising advancement of CO_(2)RR technology for industrial applications.

关键词： electrocatalysis CO_(2)reduction C_(2+)hydrocarbon Cu materials nanostructures

One-dimensional quantum walks with a position-dependent coin

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第6期72卷 18-28页

作者： Rashid Ahmad Uzma Sajjad Muhammad sajid Department of Physics Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat 26000Khyber-PakhtunkhwaPakistan

We investigate the evolution of a discrete-time one-dimensional quantum walk driven by a position-dependent *** rotation angle,which depends upon the position of a quantum particle,parameterizes the coin *** different values of the rotation angle,we observe that such a coin leads to a variety of probability distributions,***,periodic,classicallike,semi-classical-like,and ***,we study the Shannon entropy associated with position and the coin space of a quantum particle,and compare them with the case of the position-independent *** results show that the entropy is smaller for most values of the rotation angle as compared to the case of the position-independent *** also study the effect of entanglement on the behavior of probability distribution and Shannon entropy by considering a quantum walk with two identical position-dependent entangled *** observe that in general,a wave function becomes more localized as compared to the case of the positionindependent coin and hence the corresponding Shannon entropy is *** results show that a position-dependent coin can be used as a controlling tool of quantum walks.

关键词： quantum walk position-dependent coin Shannon entropy