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Multiple drug resistance and bacterial infection

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第2期1卷 76-82页

作者： asad u khan Interdisciplinary Biotechnology unit Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Drug resistance is becoming a great problem in developing countries due to excessive use and misuse of antibiotics. The emergence of new pathogenic strains with resistance developed against most of the antibiotics which may cause,difficult to treat *** understand the current scenario in different mode of infection is most important for the clinicians and medical *** article summarized some common infections and antibiotic resistance pattern found among these pathogens.

关键词： Drug resistance Bacteria Infection

Quick screening and easy detection method of NDM-gene in clinical isolates:A need of the time

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第10期5卷 839-840页

作者： asad u khan Saeedut Z Ali Interdisciplinary Biotechnology unit Aligarh Muslim University

The emerging trend of multidrug resistance is becoming a major threat to community acquired and nosocomial infections,worldwide[1].The carbapenems are used as last-source drugs because of increasing resistance against... 详细信息

关键词： screening lactam nosocomial antibiotics isolates threat becoming emerging resist DNA

Structural and Functional Analysis of NS1 and NS2 Proteins of H1N1 Subtype

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2010年第3期8卷 190-199页

作者： Parveen Salahuddin asad u.khan Distributed Information Sub-Centre Interdisciplinary Biotechnology UnitAligarh Muslim University

Influenza A virus （H1N1）, a genetic reassortment of endemic strains of human, avian and swine flu, has crossed species barrier to human and apparently acquired the capability of human to human transmission. Some strains of H5N1 subtype are highly virulent because NS 1 protein inhibits antiviral interferon α/β production. Another protein NS2 mediates export of viral ribonucleoprotein from nucleus to the cytoplasm through export signal. In this paper, we have studied structure-function relationships of these proteins of H1N1 subtype and have determined the cause of their pathogenicity. Our results showed that non-conservative mutations slightly stabilized or destabilized structural domains of NS1 or NSI-dsRNA complex, hence slightly increased or decreased the function of NS 1 protein and consequently enhanced or reduced the pathogenicity of the H1N1 virus. NS2 protein of different strains carried non-conservative mutations in different domains, resulting in slight loss of function. These mutations slightly decreased the pathogenicity of the virus. Thus, the results confirm the structure-function relationships of these viral proteins.

关键词： influenza A virus H1N1 pathogenicity NS2 NS1

Phylogenetic Analysis of the Neuraminidase Gene Reveals that the H5N1 Strains Prevalent in Chickens During 2006 Bird Flu Outbreaks in Two Regions of Maharashtra, India Are Genetically Different

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第1期7卷 57-61页

作者： Mohd Danishuddin asad u. khan Interdisciplinary Biotechnology unit Aligarh Muslim University

In February 2006, two outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus subtype H5N1 occurred in chickens in two neighboring districts （first in Nandurbar and second in Jalgaon） of Maharashtra, India, in a span of 12 days. In the present study, the neuraminidase （NA） gene of the two Indian H5N1 isolates was taken into consideration to find if the two strains are genetically similar. Phylogenetic analysis of the NA gene showed that the H5N1 strains isolated from the two outbreaks were not originated from the same source. The first Indian isolate （Nandubar/7972/06） was clustered closest to an isolate from chicken in Vietnam in 2004, whereas the second Indian isolate （Jalgaon/8824/06） showed resemblance to strains isolated from swan in Italy and Iran in 2006. Moreover, amino acid sequence analysis showed varying hot spots for substitutions between these two Indian isolates, and three substitutions were found at functional domain sites. Secondary structure changes due to these substitutions were also reported. This study reveals that the H5N1 strains isolated from chickens during 2006 bird flu outbreaks in two neighboring districts of Maharashtra, India are genetically different.

关键词： avian influenza virus H5N1 neuraminidase phylogeny mutation

Prevalence of plasmid mediated bla_(TEM-1) and bla_(CTX-M-15) type extended spectrum beta-lactamases in patients with sepsis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第2期5卷 98-102页

作者： Shahzad F Haque Saeedut-Z Ali Mohammed TP asad u khan Department of Medicine J.N.Medical CollegeAligarhIndia Interdisciplinary Biotechnology unit AMUAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia Department of Medicine J.N.Medical College.AligarhIndia

Objective:To characterize the bacterial pathogens in patients having gram negative septicaemia. Further,to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and underlying molecular mechanisms in these ***:A total number of 70 cases of gram negative sepsis were included in this prospective,open labeled,observational *** methods for isolation and identification of bacteria were *** susceptibility and ESBL testing was performed by the standard disc diffusion *** amplification was performed to identify blaub>CTX-Mub>,blaub>SHVub>and blaub>TEMub> type *** experiments were performed to show resistant marker transfer. Results:The most prevalent isolates Escherichia coli（***） 58.6%,Klebsiella Spp.32.9%and Pseudomonas 8.6%,were resistant to most of the antimicrobials including cefazolin,ceftriaxone, cefuroxime,ampicillin and co-trimoxazole but sensitive to imipenem and *** and MBL production was seen 7.3%and 12.2%of *** isolates *** isoaltes were found to have blaub>CTX-M-15ub> and two of them also showed blaub>TEM-1ub> type ***, none of them showed blaub>SHVub>.Conjugation experiments using J-53 cells confirmed these resistant markers as plasmid ***:This work highlights the molecular epidemiology of escalating antimicrobial resistance and likely switch over of blaub>CTX-M-15ub> type extended spectrum beta-lactamases by blaub>TEMub> type ESBLs in ***,the antimicrobial resistance by horizontal gene transfer was predominant among Enterobacteraceae in the community setting.

关键词： Gram negative sepsis ESBL Antimicrobial resistance

Plasmid mediated multiple antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from community acquired infection of urinary tract in Aligarh Hospital

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第2期1卷 12-15页

作者： asad u khan Saeedut Zafar Ali Mohammed S Zaman Interdisciplinary Biotechnology unit A.M.U.Aligarh 202002India

This study was to investigate the current trends of multiple drug resistance in bacteria against antibiotics for the proper empirical *** isolates were collected from community-acquired infection of urinary tract patients in Aligarh India from March 1999 to August *** susceptibility test was performed,using the disc diffusion method followed by plasmid isolation by the method of Kado and *** experiments were performed by the method of Lederberg and *** study revealed that this infection was more common in young *** strains of *** isolated during the course of study were found to show multiple antibiotic resistance which was further characterized as plasmid-borne drug *** study shows that *** may be one of the important causative agents of urinary tract infection(uTI) in young women.

关键词： plasmid drug resistance uTI

AMDD: Antimicrobial Drug Database

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2012年第6期10卷 360-363页

作者： Mohd Danishuddin Lalima Kaushal Mohd Hassan Baig asad u. khan Interdisciplinary Biotechnology unit Aligarh Muslim University

Drug resistance is one of the major concerns for antimicrobial chemotherapy against any particular target. Knowledge of the primary structure of antimicrobial agents and their activities is essential for rational drug design. Thus, we developed a comprehensive database, anti microbial drug database （AMDD）, of known synthetic antibacterial and antifungal compounds that were extracted from the avail- able literature and other chemical databases, e.g., PubChem, PubChem BioAssay and ZINC, etc. The current version of AMDD con- tains -2900 antibacterial and -1200 antifungal compounds. The molecules are annotated with properties such as description, target, format, bioassay, molecular weight, hydrogen bond donor, hydrogen bond acceptor and rotatable bond. The availability of these anti- microbial agents on common platform not only provides useful information but also facilitate the virtual screening process, thus saving time and overcoming difficulties in selecting specific type of inhibitors for the specific targets. AMDD may provide a more effective and efficient way of accessing antimicrobial compounds based on their properties along with the links to their structure and bioassay. All the compounds are freely available at the advanced web-based search interface http：//***.

关键词： Antimicrobial agents Drug resistance Database

Analysis of diabetic foot ulcers in a tertiary care hospital-a clinico-microbiological perspective

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海南医学院学报 2010年第2期16卷 165-170,180页

作者： Shazi Shakil Shaista Alvi Mujahid Beg asad u.khan Interdisciplinary Biotechnology unit Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Department of Medicine JN Medical University Aligarh Muslim university Aligarh

Objective:To assess potential risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers infected with multidrug-resistant-organisms(MDROs)and to investigate antibiotic susceptibility patterns and extended-spectrum-β-lactamase(ESBL)-production in bacteria isolated from these ***:Seventy-seven diabetic foot ulcer-patients were studied in a consecutive ***-four study factors were recorded for each *** were obtained by scraping the ulcer base or the deep portion of the wound edge with a sterile *** soft tissue specimens were quickly sent to the laboratory and processed for microbial ***-negative bacterial isolates were tested for ESBL production by double-disc-diffusion *** association of study variables with MDRO and non-MDRO infection status of ulcers was tested by Student's t test or Fisher's exact test using SPSS(version 11.5,Chicago).Results:An alarming number of patients were MDRO-positive(72.7%).ESBL-positive strains constituted 19.8% of total *** isolates identified as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(VRSA),were 3.7%(n=8)and 0.5%(n=1)***-two study factors were found to be significantly associated with MDRO infection status of ulcers in the univariate *** logistic regressions proved that MDRO status was the only significant,independent predictor of glycemic control(Odds ratio = 4.22,Pusion:It is concluded that MDRO infected patients have poor glycemic *** and linezolid can be suggested as the drugs of choice in the described setting.

关键词：糖尿病有机体 β-内酰胺酶菌株

When LoRa meets distributed machine learning to optimize the network connectivity for green and intelligent transportation system

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第3期3卷 24-41页

作者： Malak Abid Ali khan Hongbin Ma Arshad Farhad asad Mujeeb Imran khan Mirani Muhammad Hamza National Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent unmanned Systems School of AutomationBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Computer Science Namal UniversityPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

LoRa technology contributes to green energy by enabling efficient,long-range communication for the Internet of Things(IoT).This paper addresses the challenges related to coverage range in outdoor monitoring systems utilizing LoRa,where the network performance is affected by the density of gateways(GWs)and end devices(EDs),as well as environmental *** mitigate interference,data throughput losses,and high-power consumption,the proposed spreading factor(SF)and hybrid(data rate|SF)models dynamically adjust the transmission *** orchestration of concurrent data modifications within the network server(NS)is crucial for uninterrupted communication between GWs and EDs,especially in monitoring electric vehicle(EV)stations to reduce traffic congestion and *** K-means and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)algorithms optimizes ED allocation,averts data congestion,and improves the signal-tointerference noise ratio(SINR).These methods ensure seamless information reception by meticulously allocated EDs across various GW *** estimate the free-space losses(FSL),a log-distance path loss model(log-PL)is *** various bandwidths(BWs),bidirectional communications,and duty cycles(DCs)helps to prevent saturation,thus prolonging the operational lifespan of *** findings reveal a notable packet rejection rate(PRR)of 0%for the DBSCAN(hybrid model).In contrast,the K-means exhibits a PRR ranging from 5%(hybrid model)to 35.29%(SF model)for the ten GWs ***,the network saturation is reduced to 10.185%and 9.503%,respectively,highlighting an improvement in the average efficiency of slotted ALOHA(91.1%)and pure ALOHA(90.7%).These enhancements increase the lifespan of EDs to 15,465.27 days.

关键词： DBSCAN Green transportation Hybrid model Intelligent transportation K-means