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Deep Learning Based Efficient Crowd Counting System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4001-4020页

作者： Waleed Khalid Al-ghanem Emad Ul Haq Qazi Muhammad Hamza Faheem Syed Shah Amanullah Quadri Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Centre of Excellence in Cybercrime and Digital Forensics Naif Arab University for Security SciencesRiyadh14812Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence for Information Assurance(COEIA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia

Estimation of crowd count is becoming crucial nowadays,as it can help in security surveillance,crowd monitoring,and management for different *** is challenging to determine the approximate crowd size from an image of the crowd’s *** in this research study,we proposed a multi-headed convolutional neural network architecture-based model for crowd counting,where we divided our proposed model into two main components:(i)the convolutional neural network,which extracts the feature across the whole image that is given to it as an input,and(ii)the multi-headed layers,which make it easier to evaluate density maps to estimate the number of people in the input image and determine their number in the *** employed the available public benchmark crowd-counting datasets UCF CC 50 and ShanghaiTech parts A and B for model training and testing to validate the model’s *** analyze the results,we used two metrics Mean Absolute Error(MAE)and Mean Square Error(MSE),and compared the results of the proposed systems with the state-of-art models of crowd *** results show the superiority of the proposed system.

关键词： Crowd counting EfficientNet multi-head attention convolutional neural network transfer learning

Impact of metal polluted sewage water on soil nematode assemblages in agricultural settings of Aligarh,India

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 61-75页

作者： Mohammed F.S.a.ghanem Shahid Afzal Humira Nesar Zarrin Imran Wasim Ahmad Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab Department of ZoologyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Sewage water in agriculture threatens human health and soil ecosystems through metal *** show promise as bioindicators of soil health due to their abundance and position in soil food ***-polluted water decreased abundance of certain nematode groups and Sigma Maturity *** pollution positively affected nematode groups with r-selected life *** water has been inappropriately used in agriculture,posing possible threats to human health and the soil ecosystems by its constituent pollutants,especially heavy *** evaluation of its influences on soil biomes needs to consider the response of soil *** soil organisms,nematodes are seen as the best promising candidates for bioindicators of soil *** in,we collected soil samples from fresh water irrigated field from three sites(S1,S2 and S3)and sewage water irrigated distance gradient(5 m-40 m),to assess the influence of metal(Cu,Zn,Cd,Mn,Pb)polluted water on various characteristics of nematode *** results indicated that the heavy metals decreased the abundance of C-p3 nematodes,herbivores,and predatory nematodes as well as sigma maturity index,whereas,C-p1,C-p2,bacterivore and fungivore nematodes abundance and diversity positively responded to the metal ***,nematode genera with r-selected life cycle were positively affected and those with K-selected life cycle were negatively affected by metal *** nematode community has potential to be used as indicator of pollution stress in agricultural soils to check soil health and sustainability.

关键词： heavy metals sewage irigation agriculture nematodes bioindicators

Climate Changes and Sustainability

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 17-53页

作者： Kholoud Z. ghanem Department of Biological Science College of Science & Humanities Shaqra University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Climate change is the phrase used to describe long-term changes in temperatures and weather patterns. Changes in the atmosphere and their interactions with diverse geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic variables are the main contributors to this cyclical adjustment of the Earth’s climate. Such changes may be induced purposefully, because of burning fossil fuels, clearing forests, and raising animals, or they may be natural, brought on by significant volcanic eruptions or variations in the sun’s activity. By significantly increasing the amount of greenhouse gases already in the atmosphere, this heightens the greenhouse effect and contributes to global warming. This work includes several additional theoretical and practical explanations of sustainable development. The theoretical work encompasses hundreds of researches that identify requirements for how development routes might satisfy sustainable development (SD) criteria using economic theory, complex systems approach, ecological science, and other techniques. The agreements made by the Parties in various nations across the world will consider a wide range of perspectives about what would be considered undesirable effects on the environment, the climate system, sustainability, economic growth, or food production.

关键词： Earth System Ancient Climatic Changes Causes of Climatic Changes Ecological Risk Assessment Ecosystem Abrupt Climate Change of Earth Sustainability

Numerical simulation for symmetric diffraction patterns of 8-hydroxyquinolin-1-ium 4-aminobenzenesulfonate

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Optoelectronics Letters 2022年第5期18卷 283-287页

作者： a.ghanem M.D.Zidan M.S.EL-Daher A.Allahham Higher Institute for Laser Research and Applications Damascus UniversiySyria Department of Physics AECP.O.Box 6091DamascusSyria

We reported the formation of diffraction ring patterns induced by transmitted Gaussian laser beam through 8-hydroxyquinolin-1-ium 4-aminobenzenesulfonate(8 HQABS) solution as absorbing medium. Theoretical model depending on the Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction(FKD) theory was used to generate diffraction rings with respect to the sample position. Analysis of the generated diffraction rings shows a reasonable agreement between the features of the experimental and numerical diffraction rings. Our results are considered to be useful to understand the way of propagation and interaction of laser beam with liquid absorbing medium.

关键词： benzene rings absorbing

Thermal lens study of the Tris(2,2’-bipyridyl)iron(Ⅱ) tetrafluoroborate

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Optoelectronics Letters 2021年第3期17卷 183-186页

作者： M.D.Zidan M.M.Al-Ktaifani M.S.EL-Daher A.Allahham a.ghanem Department of Physics Atomic Energy CommissionDamascus P.O.Box 6091Syria Department of Radioisotopes Atomic Energy CommissionDamascus P.O.Box 6091Syria Higher Institute for Laser Research and Applications Damascus UniversitySyria

Experimental results of thermal lens measurements for Tris(2,2’-bipyridyl)iron(II) tetrafluoroborate solution are reported using the dual beam technique. The temporal evaluation of thermal lens was observed at input pump power of I=47 mW. The thermal lens effect was observed with increasing the pump power intensity as well. The evolution time of thermal lens and the fitting of the experimental transient curve were useful to evaluate the parameters of the Tris(2,2’-bipyridyl)iron(Ⅱ) tetrafluoroborate solution.

关键词： technique. solution. (Ⅱ)

Management Practices of Locally Advanced and Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Questionnaire-Based Survey among Lebanese Oncologists

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第2期14卷 138-149页

作者： Joseph Kattan Sally Temraz Fadi Nasr Arafat Tfayli Christina Khater Anas Mugharbel Hady ghanem Hampig Raphael Kourie Georges Hachem Sarah Masri Jamil Debs Ali Shamseddine Department of Hematology-Oncology H&#244tel-Dieu de France University Hospital Faculty of Medicine Saint-Joseph University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Hematology-Oncology Division American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon Hematology-Oncology Division American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon Department of Hematology-Oncology Saint Charles Hospital Beirut Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Makassed General Hospital Beirut Lebanon Hematology-Oncology Division Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital Beirut Lebanon Department of Hematology-Oncology Saint George Hospital University Medical Center Beirut Lebanon Pfizer Medical Affairs Beirut Lebanon

Background and Objective: The outcome of locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma LA/mUC has improved over the past years with a plethora of new treatments and the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), antibody-drug conjugates, and targeted agents, to identify locally advanced metastatic urothelial carcinoma’s current management practices in Lebanon and the implication of the ongoing economic crisis on the medical practice. Methods: An online questionnaire was used to survey ten Lebanese oncologists from six different hospitals, between July 5 and July 11, 2022, requesting information pertaining to their current clinical practice in the pharmacological treatment of locally advanced metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Key Findings: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy was the most frequently reported initial treatment of locally advanced metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Participants reported using immune checkpoint inhibitors in platinum-ineligible patients and those with PDL1 positive tumors. Also, they would not consider the concomitant use of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in the first-line setting. Participants believed that avelumab maintenance is effective in the absence of progression after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy;they would consider initiating it 2 - 10 weeks after completion of chemotherapy. Conclusions and Clinical Implications: After comparing with current international guidelines, this study shows that Lebanese oncologists follow international guidelines and have deep knowledge of recent clinical trials for the management of locally advanced metastatic urothelial carcinoma, regardless of economic crisis challenges.

关键词： Clinical Practice Chemotherapy Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors PDL1 Urothelial Carcinoma

Evaluation of laser in situ keratomileusis for myopic correction performed under thin flaps

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World Journal of Ophthalmology 2011年第1期1卷 11-16页

作者： asaad a.ghanem Ehab H Nematallah Mansoura Ophthalmic Center Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt

AIM： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy （LASIK） for myopic correction done under thin flaps（120μm） and compare with results obtained under thick flaps（150μm）.METHODS： The study included 150 myopic eyes of 75 patients without previous refractive surgery who underwent LASIK prospectively. Two microkeratome heads （90 and 130） were used to created a flap with thickness of 120μm and 150μm,respectively. Thin flap group（120μm） included 75 eyes while thick flap group included 75 eyes. Follow-up period was 12 mo. Efficacy,l safety, and stability were evaluated and compared between the two ***： In 150 eyes,the mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -8.65±2.6D,mean sphere was -4.4±3.5D, and mean cylinder was -1.0±1.3D. THe amount of ablation was significantly larger in the thin flap （88.5±32.21μm） group than in the thick flap group （64±28.13μm）.Percentage of safety was higher in the thin flap group（94.8%） than in the thick flap group（91.7%）. There were no intraoperative complications, especially flap-related problems. Subjective symptoms of dry eye occurred in 20.7% and 33.3% of eyes in the thin and thick flap groups, respectively. CONCLUSION： Thin-flap LASIK is effective and safe in correcting myopic defects. It achivevs better visual results, rapid visual recovery, and stable postoperative refraction than LASIK with thick flaps.

关键词： Laser in situ keratomileusis Myopia Thin flap THick flap

A PRIORI ERROR ESTIMATES FOR OBSTACLE OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM,WHERE THE OBSTACLE IS THE CONTROLITSELF

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2023年第4期41卷 717-740页

作者： Yazid Dendani Radouen ghanem Numerical analysis optimisation and statistical laboratory(LANOS)Badji-MokhtarAnnaba UniversityP.O.Box 1223000Annaba Algeria

In this paper we deal with the convergence analysis of the finite element method for an elliptic penalized unilateral obstacle optimal control problem where the control and the obstacle *** estimates are established for both state and control *** apply a fixed point type iteration method to solve the discretized *** corroborate our error estimations and the eficiency of our algorithms,the convergence results and numerical experiments are illustrated by concrete examples.

关键词： Optimal control Obstacle problem Finite element A priori error estimate

Adaptive Dynamic Dipper Throated Optimization for Feature Selection in Medical Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1883-1900页

作者： Ghada Atteia El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Nagwan Abdel Samee Mona M.Jamjoom Abdelhameed Ibrahim Abdelaziz A.Abdelhamid Ahmad Taher Azar Nima Khodadadi Reham a.ghanem Mahmoud Y.Shams Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Benha UniversityBenha13518Egypt College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Civil Engineering University of Science and TechnologyMiami33101USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Florida International UniversityMiamiUSA Oral Biology Department Faculty of Oral and Dental MedicineDelta University for Science and TechnologyGamasaEgypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33511Egypt

The rapid population growth results in a crucial problem in the early detection of diseases inmedical *** all the cancers unveiled,breast cancer is considered the second most severe ***,an exponential rising in death cases incurred by breast cancer is expected due to the rapid population growth and the lack of resources required for performing medical *** recent advances in machine learning could help medical staff in diagnosing diseases as they offer effective,reliable,and rapid responses,which could help in decreasing the death *** this paper,we propose a new algorithm for feature selection based on a hybrid between powerful and recently emerged optimizers,namely,guided whale and dipper throated *** proposed algorithm is evaluated using four publicly available breast cancer *** evaluation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach from the accuracy and speed *** prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm,a set of competing feature selection algorithms were incorporated into the conducted *** addition,a group of statistical analysis experiments was conducted to emphasize the superiority and stability of the proposed *** best-achieved breast cancer prediction average accuracy based on the proposed algorithm is 99.453%.This result is achieved in an average time of 3.6725 s,the best result among all the competing approaches utilized in the experiments.

关键词： Medical dataset breast cancer guided whale optimizer dipper throated optimizer feature selection meta-heuristics