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Patterns of forest composition and their long term environmental drivers in the tropical dry forest transition zone of southern Africa

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 33-44页

作者： Vera De Cauwer Coert J.Geldenhuys raf Aerts Miya Kabajani Bart Muys Namibia University of science and Technology Faculty of Natural Resources and Spatial SciencesPrivate Bag 13388WindhoekNamibia University of Leuven Division ForestNature and LandscapeCelestijnenlaan 200E box 2411BE-3001 LeuvenBelgium. Forest&Wood science Stellenbosch Universityc/o Forestwood ccMurrayfieldPretoriaSouth Africa. University of Leuven Division EcologyEvolution and Biodiversity ConservationKasteelpark Arenberg 31-2435BE-3001 LeuvenBelgium.

Background： Tropical dry forests cover less than 13 % of the world＇s tropical forests and their area and biodiversity are declining. In southern Africa, the major threat is increasing population pressure, while drought caused by climate change is a potential threat in the drier transition zones to shrub land. Monitoring climate change impacts in these transition zones is difficult as there is inadequate information on forest composition to allow disentanglement from other environmental drivers. Methods： This study combined historical and modern forest inventories covering an area of 21,000 km2 in a transition zone in Namibia and Angola to distinguish late succession tree communities, to understand their dependence on site factors, and to detect trends in the forest composition over the last 40 years. Results： The woodlands were dominated by six tree species that represented 84 % of the total basal area and can be referred to as Bdikioea - Pterocarpus woodlands. A boosted regression tree analysis revealed that late succession tree communities are primarily determined by climate and topography. The schinziophyton rautanenfi and Baikiaea plurijuga communities are common on slightly inclined dune or valley slopes and had the highest basal area （5.5 - 6.2 m^2 ha＆-1）. The Burkea africana - Guibourtia coleosperma and Pterocarpus angolensis - Diafium englerianum communities are typical for the sandy plateaux and have a higher proportion of smaller stems caused by a higher fire frequency. A decrease in overall basal area or a trend of increasing domination by the more drought and cold resilient B. africana community was not confirmed by the historical data, but there were significant decreases in basal area for Ochna pulchra and the valuable fruit tree D. englerianum. Conclusions： The slope communities are more sheltered from fire, frost and drought but are more susceptible to human expansion. The community with the important timber tree P. angolensis can best withstand high

关键词： Baikiaea woodland Tree community Namibia boosted regression trees Pterocarpus ango/ensis Disturbance Miombo Ecoregion Climate change

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Unnormalized and normalized forms of gefura measures in directed and undirected networks

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015年第4期16卷 311-320页

作者： raf GUNs Ronald ROUssEAU Institute for Education and lnformation sciences University of Antwerp Venusstraat 35 Antwerp B-2000 Belgium Department of Mathematics KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200B Leuven B-3001 Belgium

In some networks nodes belong to predefined groups （e.g., authors belong to institutions）. Common network cen- trality measures do not take this structure into account. Gefura measures are designed as indicators of a node＇s brokerage role between such groups. They are defined as variants of betweeuness centrality and consider to what extent a node belongs to shortest paths between nodes from different groups. In this article we make the following new contributions to their study：（1） We systematically study unnormalized gefura measures and show that, next to the ＇structural＇ normalization that has hitherto been applied, a ＇basic＇ normalization procedure is possible. While the former normalizes at the level of groups, the latter normalizes at the level of nodes. （2） Treating undirected networks as equivalent to symmetric directed networks, we expand the definition of gefura measures to the directed case. （3） It is shown how Brandes＇ algorithm for betweenness centrality can be adjusted to cover these cases.

关键词： Networks subdivided in groups Partitions Gefura measures Q-measures Brokerage role Directed and undirectednetworks Brandes' algorithm

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Mycenastrum catimbauense(Agaricales,Basidiomycota),a new puffball species from the Brazilian semi-arid region

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studies in Fungi 2017年第1期2卷 112-118页

作者： Gurgel raf Melanda GCs Ferreira RJ Alfredo Ds Baseia IG Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia Centro de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteAv.Senador Salgado Filho3000Campus UniversitárioNatal59072-970RNBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em sistemática e Evolução Centro de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteAv.Senador Salgado Filho3000Campus UniversitárioNatal59072-970RNBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação de Biologia de Fungos Centro de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de PernambucoAv.Prof.Moraes Rego1235Cidade UniversitáriaRecifePE50670-901Brazil

Mycenastrum catimbauense is found growing in the xerophytic biome named“Caatinga”in the Catimbau National Park,Pernambuco state,*** are found solitary in an open place and exposed to *** morphological analyses of macro-and microstructures followed the specific literature of the *** fundamental diagnostic characteristics for this new taxon are the dark-colored peridium and gleba,tomentose peridium and spiny capillitium with brittle *** description,color photographs of the basidiomata and microstructures of this new species,and a discussion are provided.

关键词： Biodiversity Gasteromycetes Lycoperdales Neotropics Taxonomy

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Timing of Proterozoic magmatism in the sunsas belt, Bolivian Precambrian shield, sW Amazonian Craton

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 277-293页

作者： Ingrid M.Nedel Reinhardt A.Fuck Amarildo s.Ruiz Gerardo R.Matos-salinas Alanielson da C.D.Ferreira Instituto de Geociências Universidade de Brasília(UnB)Brasília-DFBrazil Faculdade de Geociências Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoCuiabá-MTBrazil Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas y del Medio Ambiente Universidad Mayor de San Andrés(UMSA)Pabellón GeologíaCalle 27Campus Universitario Cota CotaLa PazBolivia Department of Earth sciences Stellenbosch UniversityPrivate Bag X1Matieland7602 StellenboschSouth Africa

We present new U–Pb zircon and monazite ages from the sunsas belt granitic magmatism in Bolivia, sW Amazonian Craton. The geochronological results revealed four major magmatic events recorded along the sunsas belt domains. The older igneous event formed a granitic basement coeval to the Rio Apa Terrane(1.95–1.85 Ga) in the southern domain. The second magmatic episode is represented by 1.68 Ga granites associated to the Paraguá Terrane(1.69–1.66 Ga) in the northern domain. The 1.37–1.34 Ga granites related to san Ignacio orogeny represent the third and more pervasive magmatic event, recorded throughout the sunsas belt. Moreover, magmatic ages of ~1.42 Ga revealed that the granitogenesis associated to the santa Helena orogeny also affected the sunsas belt, indicating that it was not restricted to the Jauru Terrane. Lastly, the 1.10–1.04 Ga youngest magmatism was developed during the sunsas orogeny and represents the final magmatic evolution related to Rodinia assembly. Likewise, the 1.95–1.85 and 1.68 Ga inherited zircon cores obtained in the ~1.3 Ga and 1.0 Ga granite samples suggest strong partial melting of the Paleoproterozoic sources. The 1079 ± 14 Ma and 1018 ± 6 Ma monazite crystallization ages can be correlated to the collisional tectono-thermal event of the sunsas orogeny, associated to reactions of medium-to high-grade metamorphism. Thus, the sunsas belt was built by heterogeneous 1.95–1.85 Ga and 1.68 Ga crustal fragments that were reworked at 1.37–1.34 Ga and 1.10–1.04 Ga related to orogenic collages. Furthermore, the 1.01 Ga monazite age suggests that granites previously dated by zircon can bear evidence of a younger thermal history. Therefore, the geochronological evolution of the sunsas belt may have been more complex than previously thought.

关键词： sW Amazonian Craton sunsas belt U–Pb geochronology Zircon Monazite

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Echo Amplitude selectivity of Bat Collicular Neurons is Better for Expected than for Unexpected sound Duration

Echo Amplitude Selectivity of Bat Collicular Neurons is Bett...

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“基因、进化与生理功能多样性”海内外学术研讨会暨中国生理学会第七届比较生理学学术会议

作者：吴忠信 Philip H.s.Jen 台湾师范大学生命科学系 Division of Biological sciences and INP University of Missouri-ColumbiaMissouriUSA

The big brown bats emit ultrasonic signals and analyze the returning echoes in multi-parametric domains to extract target *** variation of different pulse parameters during hunting predicts that analysis of an echo parameter by bats is inevitably affected by other co-varying echo parameters. In this study,we present data to show that the bat inferior collicular(IC) neurons have better echo amplitude selectivity when the duration of both echo and pulse matches the best duration(BD).A family of rate-amplitude function(raf) of each IC neuron is plotted with the BD and non-BD echo *** raf plotted with BD echo pulses has sharper slope and smaller amplitude range(AR) than the raf plotted with non-BD echo pulses ***,the AR of echo raf significantly increases with shortening of P-E duration and P-E *** data suggest that du- ration-tuned collicular neurons not only facilitate echo recognition but also enhance echo amplitude selectivity for prey feature analysis throughout a target approaching sequence during *** data support previous behavior studies showing that bats prepare their auditory system to analyze expected returning echoes within a time window to extract target features after pulse emission,that is to say, the echo amplitude selectivity of inferior collicular neurons of the echolocation bat is better for expected than for unexpected sound duration.

关键词： Bat Duration tuned Amplitude selectivity Pulse-echo pairs

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Mutational landscape of gastric adenocarcinoma in Latin America: A genetic approach for precision medicine

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第4期9卷 928-940页

作者： Dennis Cerrato-Izaguirre Yolanda I.Chirino Claudia M.García-Cuellar Miguel santibáñez-Andrade Diddier Prada Angélica Hernández-Guerrero Octavio Alonso Larraga Javier Camacho Yesennia sánchez-Pérez subdirección de Investigación Básica Instituto Nacional de Cancerología(INCan)TlalpanCiudad de MéxicoCP 14080Mexico Departamento de Farmacología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N.(CINVESTAV)Ciudad de MéxicoCP 07360Mexico Unidad de Biomedicina Facultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoLos Reyes IztacalaTlalnepantla de BazEstado de MéxicoCP 54090Mexico Departamento de Informática Biomédica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCoyoacánCiudad de MéxicoCP 04510Mexico Department of Environmental Health science Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA servicio de Endoscopía Instituto Nacional de Cancerología(INCan)TlalpanCiudad de MéxicoCP 14080Mexico

Latin-America (LATAM) is the second region in gastric cancer incidence;gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) represents 95% of all cases. We provide a mutational landscape of GA highlighting a) germline pathogenic variants associated with hereditary GA, b) germline risk variants associated with sporadic GA, and c) somatic variants present in sporadic GA in LATAM, and analyze how this landscape can be applied for precision medicine. We found that Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela are the countries with more published studies from LATAM explicitly related to GA. Our analysis displayed that different germline pathogenic variants for the CDH1 gene have been identified for hereditary GA in Brazilian, Chilean, Colombian, and Mexican populations. An increased risk of developing somatic GA is associated with the following germline risk variants: IL-4, IL-8, TNF-α, PTGs2, NFKB1, raf1, KRAs and MAPK1 in Brazilian;IL-10 in Chilean;IL-10 in Colombian;EGFR and ERRB2 in Mexican, TCF7L2 and Chr8q24 in Venezuelan population. The path from mutational landscape to precision medicine requires four development levels: 1) Data compilation, 2) Data analysis and integration, 3) Development and approval of clinical approaches, and 4) Population benefits. Generating local genomic information is the initial padlock to overcome to generate and apply precision medicine.

关键词： Ethnicities Genome Latin America Mutati on Precisi on medicine stomach neoplasms

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自身免疫性聋的分子作用机制

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国外医学（耳鼻咽喉科学分册） 2004年第6期28卷 358-361页

作者： T.J.Yoo X.Du s.s.Kwon 宋鹏龚树生 430022 武汉华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院耳鼻咽喉科

本文回顾分析了Ⅱ型胶原、Ⅸ型胶原、内耳膜迷路 30ku蛋白、层粘连蛋白、 6 8ku蛋白、P0蛋白、raf 1蛋白、β 微管蛋白等几种在自身免疫性耳聋和梅尼埃病中的自身抗原及其致聋的分子机制。

关键词：自身免疫性聋分子作用机制 Ⅱ型胶原、Ⅸ型胶原层粘连蛋白内耳膜迷路

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Optimization of Extrusion Process for Producing High Antioxidant Instant Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus hypochondriacus</i>L.) Flour Using Response surface Methodology

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第10期3卷 1516-1525页

作者： Jorge Milán-Carrillo Alvaro Montoya-Rodríguez Roberto Gutiérrez-Dorado Xiomara Perales-sánchez Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno Maestria en Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Sinaloa México Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Sinaloa México

The objective of this research was to determine the best combination of extrusion process variables for the production of a high antioxidant extruded amaranth flour (EAF) suitable to elaborate a nutraceutical beverage. Extrusion operation conditions were obtained from a factorial combination of process variables: Extrusion temperature (ET, 70℃ - 130?℃) and screw speed (ss, 100 - 220 rpm). Response surface methodology was employed as optimization technique;both the numeric and graphical methods were applied to obtain maximum values for response variables [Antioxidant capacity (AoxC) and water solubility index (WsI)]. The best combination of extrusion process variables was: Extrusion tem- perature (ET) = 130℃/screw speed (ss) = 124 rpm. The raw amaranth flour (raf) and optimized extruded amaranth flour (EAF) had an antioxidant activity of 3475 and 3903 μmol Trolox equivalents/100 g sample (dw), respectively. A 200 mL portion of the beverage prepared with 22 g of optimized EAF contained 3.16 g proteins, 1.09 g lipids, 17.39 g carbohydrates and 92 kcal. This portion covers 25.3% and 16.9% of the daily protein requirements for children 1-3 and 4 - 8 years old, respectively. A 200 mL portion of the beverage from optimized EAF contributes with 15.5% - 25.5% of the recommended daily intake for antioxidants, respectively. The nutraceutical beverage was evaluated with an average acceptability of 8.4 (level of satisfaction between “I like it” and “I like it extremely”) and could be used for health promotion and disease prevention as an alternative to beverages with low nutritional/nutraceutical value.

关键词： Optimization Amaranth Flour Antioxidant Activity Extrusion Nutraceutical Beverage

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Effect of ^(137)Cs Gamma Rays to Panicles on Rice Anther Culture

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Rice science 2005年第4期12卷 299-302页

作者： M. s. MKUYA si Hua-min Liu Wen-zhen sUN Zong-xiu state Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research institute Hangzhou 310006 China National Rice Agricultural Research Institute Ifakara Tanzania

Panicles of an indica rice line TM7-5 were subjected to radiation with 137^Cs gamma rays at 0 （control）, 5, 10, 15 and 20 Gy respectively, and then its anthers were cultured. There were slight differences among the treatments in peak emerging time of callus initiation, from 38 to 44 days after inoculation （DAI） as well as the frequency of callus initiation （2.3-3.5%）. About two thirds calli were induced before 44 DAI, and calli derived beyond 60 DAI lost the regeneration ability. Green plant regeneration frequency was significantly stimulated from two- to three-fold by irradiation of the 1370s gamma rays compared with the control, and the maximum was 22,81% （15 Gy）. The culture ability based on callus initiation and green plantlet regeneration was 0.19% for the control while it was over 0.45% for all the irradiated treatments, and the maximum was 0,59% for 15 Gy treatment. The advantages of panicle irradiation before anther culture and the potential application in rice anther culture, especially for recalcitrant indica rice, were discussed.

关键词： anther culture gamma ray panicle radiation culture ability rice (Oryza sativa)

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Current concepts in ameloblastoma-targeted therapies in B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase V600E mutation: systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第1期11卷 31-42页

作者： Rogelio González-González sandra López-Verdín Jesús Lavalle-Carrasco Nelly Molina-Frechero Mario Isiordia-Espinoza Ramón G Carreón-Burciaga Ronell Bologna-Molina Department of Research School of DentistryUniversidad Juárez del Estado de DurangoDurango 34000Mexico Research Institute of Dentistry Health Science CenterUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajara 4430Mexico Department of Health Care Xochimilco UnitUniversidad Autónoma Metropolitana XochimilcoMéxico 04960Mexico Department of Clinics Biomedical Sciences DivisionCentro Universitario de los AltosUniversidad de GuadalajaraTepetitlán de Morelos 47620Mexico Molecular Pathology Area School of DentistryUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideo 11600Uruguay

BACKGROUND Ameloblastomas are common benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasms that present an aggressive and unpredictable behavior that may modify treatment *** signaling pathways that participate in the progression of these tumors have been identified.B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase(Braf)is a protein involved in the behavior of ameloblastomas,and it is related to many cell *** gene mutations have been identified in ameloblastomas,of which the Braf V600E(valine substituted by glutamic acid at amino acid 600)mutation has been the most common and can be present concomitantly with other mutations that may be involved in its *** therapies have been used as an alternative in the case of resistance or contraindications to conventional *** To document the presence of Braf V600E and additional mutations,their behavior,and targeted therapies in these *** An electronic literature search was conducted according to PRIsMA guidelines in PubMed/MEDLINE,Cochrane,EMBAsE,and springerLink using the terms“ameloblastomas”,“Braf V600E”,“additional mutations”,and“targeted therapies”.Ameloblastomas were classified according to WHO *** criteria were articles in English,published not more than 10 years ago,and studies with laboratory works related to Braf *** were evaluated by two independent reviewers and retrieved for full-text *** EBLIP Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the eligible *** statistical analysis was *** Two independent reviewers,with a substantial concordance indicated by a kappa coefficient of k=0.76,evaluated a total of 19 articles that were included in this *** analysis registered 521 conventional ameloblastomas(AM),81 unicystic ameloblastomas(UA),13 ameloblastic carcinomas(AC),three metastatic ameloblastomas(MA),and six peripheral ameloblastomas(PA),of which the histopathological type,anatom

关键词： Ameloblastoma B-raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase B-raf protooncogene serine/threonine kinase V600E Additional mutations Targeted therapies

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