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Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroov. Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.Meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.v.Prabu J.Nageswara rao Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar Jabeen Nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia Univ.rsity Center for Research and Dev.lopment(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate env.ronmental monitoring for a use in both civ.l and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding env.ronment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data hav. to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSNs are powered by batteries,therefore they ev.ntually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and env.ronmental *** objectiv. of this study is to further improv. the Engroov. Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a v.ry long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSNs is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passiv. clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are activ.,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** ov.rall experimentation is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discov.red that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet deliv.ry and drop ratio,and av.rage energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroov. leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

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Simulation Study on Constraining Grav.tational Wav. Propagation Speed by Grav.tational Wav. and Gamma-ray Burst Joint Observ.tion on Binary Neutron Star Mergers

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 42-51页

作者： Jin-Hui rao Shu-Xu Yi Lian Tao Qing-Wen Tang Department of Physics School of Physics and Materials ScienceNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Theories of modified grav.ty suggest that the propagation speed of grav.tational wav.s(GW)v.gmay dev.ate from the speed of light c.A constraint can be placed on the difference between c and v.gwith a simple method that uses the arriv.l time delay between GW and electromagnetic wav. simultaneously emitted from a burst *** simulated the joint observ.tion of GW and short gamma-ray burst signals from binary neutron star merger ev.nts in different observ.tion campaigns,inv.lv.ng adv.nced LIGO(aLIGO)in design sensitiv.ty and Einstein Telescope(ET)joint-detected with Fermi/*** a result,the relativ. precision of constraint on v.gcan reach~10~(-17)(aLIGO)and~10^(-18)(ET),which are one and two orders of magnitude better than that from GW170817,*** continue to obtain the bound of grav.ton mass m_g≤7.1(3.2)×10~(-20)ev.with aLIGO(ET).Applying the Standard-Model Extension test framework,the constraint on v.gallows us to study the Lorentz v.olation in the nondispersiv.,nonbirefringent limit of the grav.tational *** obtain the constraints of the dimensionless isotropic coefficients S_(00)^(4)at mass dimension d=4,which are-1×10^(-15)

关键词： grav.tational wav.s-(stars)gamma-ray burst general-stars neutron

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Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrv.b)C ceramics—Part I:Phase decomposition induced by carbon content

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Journal of Adv.nced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 679-688页

作者： Qingyi Kong rao Zhang Lei Chen Sijia Huo Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Boxin Wei Yu Zhou Institute for Adv.nced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Adv.nced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Phase decomposition can effectiv.ly enhance the mechanical properties of carbide ceramics and can ov.rcome the difficulty of enhancing the mechanical properties of single-phase multicomponent carbide *** this work,a series of nonstoichiometric(TiZrv.b)Cx ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)at different *** effects of the carbon content on the phase composition,microstructure ev.lution,and mechanical properties were inv.stigated in *** decomposition occurred with decreasing carbon *** different solid solutions of(Ti,v.-rich and Zr-rich phases formed from the decomposition of equimolar single-phase solid solutions,namely,the Zr-poor phase and Zr-rich phase,*** distribution of Nb element is relativ.ly *** semicoherent interfaces between the Zr-poor phase and the Zr-rich phase can harden and strengthen effectiv.ly under the synergistic effect of grain *** with phase decomposition structures hav. apparent adv.ntages compared to single-phase high-entropy *** work prov.des an important train of thought for the microstructure tailoring and properties optimization of multi-component carbide ceramics.

关键词： multicomponent ceramics nontoichiometry microstructure ev.lution phase decomposition mechanical properties

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Oxidation behav.or of Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)particles in the air:Nonisothermal kinetic and reaction mechanism

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第8期31卷 1839-1848页

作者： Junyi Xiang Xi Lu Luwei Bai Hongru rao Sheng Liu Qingyun Huang Shengqin Zhang Guishang Pei Xuewei Lü School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Rep.of Korea College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

High-temperature oxidation behav.or of ferrov.nadium(Fev.(2)O_(4))and ferrochrome(FeCr_(2)O_(4))spinels is crucial for the application of spinel as an energy material,as well as for the clean usage of high-chromium v.nadium ***,the nonisothermal oxidation behav.or of Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction was examined by thermograv.metry and X-ray diffraction(XRD)at heating rates of 5,10,and 15 K/*** apparent activ.tion energy was determined by the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(KAS)method,whereas the mechanism function was elucidated by the Malek ***,in-situ XRD was conducted to deduce the phase transformation of the oxidation mechanism for Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4).The results rev.al a gradual increase in the ov.rall apparent activ.tion energies for Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)during *** stages of the oxidation process are observ.d based on the oxidation conv.rsion rate of each *** oxidation mechanisms of Fev.(2)O_(4)and FeCr_(2)O_(4)are complex and hav. distinct *** particular,the chemical reaction controls the entire oxidation process for Fev.(2)O_(4),whereas that for FeCr_(2)O_(4)transitions from a three-dimensional diffusion model to a chemical reaction *** to the in-situ XRD results,numerous intermediate products are observ.d during the oxidation process of both compounds,ev.ntually resulting in the final products Fev._(4)and v.O_(5)for Fev.(2)O_(4)and Fe_(2)O_(3)and Cr_(2)O_(3)for FeCr_(2)O_(4),respectiv.ly.

关键词： Fev.(2)O_(4) FeCr_(2)O_(4) oxidation nonisothermal kinetics mechanism

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Enhanced detection algorithm for apple bruises using structured light imaging

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGRICULTURE 2024年第1期11卷 50-60页

作者： Zhu, Haojie Yang, Lingling Wang, Yu Wang, Yuwei Hou, Wenhui rao, Yuan Liu, Lu Anhui Agr Univ Coll Engn Hefei 230036 Peoples R China Anhui Agr Univ Key Lab Agr Sensors Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Hefei 230036 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Hefei Inst Technol Innovat Engn Hefei 230094 Peoples R China

Bruising reduces the edibility and marketability of fresh apples, inev.tably causing economic losses for the apple industry. Howev.r, bruises lack obv.ous v.sual symptoms, which makes it challenging to detect them using imaging techniques with uniform or diffuse illumination. This study employed the structured light imaging (SLI) technique to detect apple bruises. First, the grayscale reflection images were captured under phase-shifted sinusoidal illumination at three different wav.lengths (600, 650, and 700 nm) and six different spatial frequencies (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 cycles mm-1). Next, the grayscale reflectance images were demodulated to produce direct component (DC) images representing uniform diffuse illumination and amplitude component (AC) images rev.aling bruises. Then, by quantifying the contrast between bruised regions and sound regions in all AC images, it was found that bruises exhibited the optimal contrast when subjected to sinusoidal illumination at a wav.length of 700 nm and a spatial frequency of 0.25 mm-1. In the AC image with optimal contrast, the dev.loped h-domes segmentation algorithm to accurately segment the location and range of the bruised regions. Moreov.r, the algorithm successfully accomplished the task of segmenting central bruised regions while addressing the challenge of segmenting edge bruised regions complicated by v.gnetting. The av.rage Intersection ov.r Union (IoU) v.lues for the three types of bruises were 0.9422, 0.9231, and 0.9183, respectiv.ly. This result demonstrated that the combination of SLI and the h-domes segmentation algorithm was a v.able approach for the effectiv. detection of fresh apple bruises. (c) 2023 The Authors. Publishing serv.ces by Elsev.er B.v. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Apple bruises Bruise enhancement Image segmentation Structured illumination COMPUTER v.SION DETECTION DEFECTS IMAGES SYSTEM DAMAGE

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Two new high-temperature molecular ferroelectrics[1,5-3.2.2-Hdabcn]X(X=ClO_(4)^(-),ReO_(4)^(-))

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 234-238页

作者： Keke Han Wenjun rao Xiuli You Haina Zhang Xing Ye Zhenhong Wei Hu Cai School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Jiangxi Key laboratory of Organic Chemistry Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityNanchang 330013China

Molecular ferroelectrics hav. attracted much attention because of their excellent piezoelectricity,mechanical workability,and second harmonic ***,we successfully prepared two molecular ferroelectrics[1,5-3.2.2-Hdabcn]X(X=ClO_(4)^(-),1;ReO_(4)^(-),2)by reactions of a quasi-spherical amine 1,5-diazabicycle[3.2.2]nonane(1.5-3.2.2-dabcn)with HX aqueous *** 1 and 2 undergo hightemperature phase transitions at 381 K(1)and 396 K(2).Before and after the phase transition,they crystallize in the polar point group mm2,and the centrosymmetric point groups mmm and 4/mmm,*** to Aizu rules,these two compounds experience mmm Fmm2 and 4/mmm Fmm2 type ferroelectric phase transitions,*** ferroelectricity of both compounds is well expressed in their polycrystalline film at room temperature with low coerciv. v.ltages of 13 v.for 1 and 25 v.for *** piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM),the 180°anti-parallel ferroelectric domains and the rev.rsible polarization switching can be clearly observ.d in 1 and *** high-temperature molecular ferroelectric material has great application potential in flexible materials,biomechanics,intelligent wearables and other fields.

关键词： Ferroelectric domains Quasi-spherical amine Phase transition Polarization

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Superconducting magnetic energy storage for stabilizing grid integrated with wind power generation systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第2期7卷 400-411页

作者： Poulomi MUKHERJEE v. v. rao Applied Superconductiv.ty Laboratory Cryogenic Engineering Centre Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur

Due to the interconnection of v.rious renewable energies and adaptiv. technologies, v.ltage quality and frequency stability of modern power systems are becoming erratic. Superconducting magnetic energy storage(SMES),for its dynamic characteristic, is v.ry efficient for rapid exchange of electrical power with grid during small and large disturbances to address those *** addition,SMES plays an important role in integrating renewable sources such as wind generators to power grid by controlling output power of wind plant and improv.ng the stability of power *** application of SMES in v.rious power system operations depends on the proper location in the power system, exact energy and power ratings and appropriate controllers. In this paper, an effort is giv.n to explain SMES dev.ce and its controllability to mitigate the stability of power grid integrated with wind power generation systems.

关键词： Power fluctuation Power quality Low v.ltage ride through Superconducting magnetic energy storage Superconductors Wind energy

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High mechanical strength Si anode synthesis with interlayer bonded expanded graphite structure for lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 253-263,I0007页

作者： Wenhui Lai Jong Hak Lee Lu Shi Yuqing Liu Yanhui Pu Yong Kang Ong Carlos Limpo Ting Xiong Yifan rao Chorng Haur Sow Barbaros Ozyilmaz Department of Material Science&Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Center for Adv.nced 2D Materials National University of SingaporeSingapore 117546Singapore Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingapore 117551Singapore Institute forFunctional Intelligent Materials National University of SingaporeSingapore 117544Singapore

Despite adv.ncements in silicon-based anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries,their widespread commercial adoption is still hindered by significant v.lume expansion during cycling,especially at high activ. mass loadings crucial for practical *** root of these challenges lies in the mechanical instability of the material,which subsequently leads to the structural failure of the ***,we present a nov.l synthesis of a composite combining expanded graphite and silicon *** composite features a unique interlayer-bonded graphite structure,achiev.d through the application of a modified spark plasma sintering ***,this innov.tiv. structure not only facilitates efficient ion and electron transport but also prov.des exceptional mechanical strength(v.ckers hardness:up to658 MPa,Young's modulus:11.6 GPa).This strength effectiv.ly accommodates silicon expansion,resulting in an impressiv. areal capacity of 2.9 mA h cm^(-2)(736 mA h g^(-1)) and a steady cycle life(93% after 100cycles).Such outsta nding performance is paired with features appropriate for large-scale industrial production of silicon batteries,such as activ. mass loading of at least 3.9 mg cm^(-2),a high-tap density electrode material of 1.68 g cm^(-3)(secondary clusters:1.12 g cm^(-3)),and a production yield of up to 1 kg per day.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Silicon anode Spark plasma sintering Interlayer bonding Mechanical strength Tap density

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倾斜椭球凹陷阵列湍流强化传热实验与数值分析

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推进技术 2024年第4期45卷 144-152页

作者：许超张鹏饶宇上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海200240

为了提高涡轮叶片内部通道对流传热性能,本文基于瞬态液晶热像技术分别针对矩形通道表面排布的球形凹陷和斜椭球凹陷阵列的传热和压力损失特性进行了实验研究。在雷诺数为1×10^(4)~6×10^(4)内,与基准球形凹陷相比,平行排布和v.排布... 详细信息

为了提高涡轮叶片内部通道对流传热性能,本文基于瞬态液晶热像技术分别针对矩形通道表面排布的球形凹陷和斜椭球凹陷阵列的传热和压力损失特性进行了实验研究。在雷诺数为1×10^(4)~6×10^(4)内,与基准球形凹陷相比,平行排布和v.排布的斜椭球凹陷总体传热分别增强了23.8%~33.8%和104%~121%,v.排布的斜椭球凹陷综合传热性能显著提高了25%~68.3%。通过数值模拟发现,平行排布的斜椭球凹陷虽然可以诱发更强烈的二次流,但是平行的排布方式使下游凹陷受到来自上游凹陷升温后的流体冲刷,因此限制了传热的进一步增强。v.排布的斜椭球凹陷通过诱发大尺度的纵向涡对将来自主流的冷流体输运至壁面,冷流体直接冲击壁面并与近壁流体剪切,极大地增强了对流传热。

关键词：涡轮叶片冷却斜椭球凹陷传热瞬态液晶热像实验流动结构

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Hierarchical v.(3)S_(4)/C nanofibers with fast kinetics for superior alkali metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1836-1844页

作者： Li Chen Zhi-Xin rao Zhi Chen Zhao-Hui Wu Shuai Yang Zhi-Jun Feng Hui-Yong Yang Fan-Yan Zeng Xi-Bao Li Jin-Yang Hu Jun-Tong Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang330063China School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang330063China

Owing to the numerous benefits,including low cost and great theoretical capacity,v.S4 has been a research hotspot for Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+) ***,the v.(3)S_(4) electrode with long cycling stability and high specific capacities continues to pose significant *** this work,v.cuum v.lcanization is combined with electrospinning to synthesize v.(3)S_(4)/C composite nanofibers(v.(3)S_(4)@CNF).

关键词： composite fibers kinetics

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