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Temporal gradients limit the accumulation of neutrophils toward sources of chemoattractant

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 455-462页

作者： arvind chandrasekaran Felix Ellett Julianne Jorgensen Daniel Irimia Department of Surgery BioMEMS Resource CenterMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolShriners Burns HospitalBostonMA 02129USA

Neutrophil trafficking during inflammation is a highly orchestrated process,coordinating neutrophil recruitment,sterilization of the wound,and inflammation *** the chemotactic signals guiding neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation are relatively well understood,our knowledge of mechanisms controlling cessation of neutrophil recruitment and return to normal tissue physiology remains *** gain insights into these processes,we designed a microfluidic device with an array of chemoattractant reservoirs,which mimics the microenvironment in infected tissues,when multiple clusters of microbes are *** monitored the temporal dynamics of neutrophil recruitment toward the chemoattractant reservoirs at single cell resolution,for 3 *** observed robust neutrophil recruitment that reached a plateau after 1.5 h,despite the continuous presence of strong chemoattractant gradients around the *** timing of the plateau was dependent on the geometry of the devices and was independent from the number of *** the basis of these observations,we ruled out sub-population sensitivity,chemoattractant scavenging,and production of a self-limiting stop signal as potential mechanisms underpinning the plateau in neutrophil *** found a strong correlation between the temporal stabilization of concentration changes and the plateau in neutrophils *** results suggest that dynamic aspects of chemoattractant gradients are key for maximizing recruitment during the acute phase of infections and limiting the accumulation of neutrophils as soon as the infection is contained.

关键词： chemotaxis leukocyte microfluidic relay signaling scavenging

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Variation of Flow Field Around Twin Cylinders with and Without the Outer Perforated Cylinder ? Numerical Study

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第5期30卷 763-771页

作者： chandrasekaran SRINIVASAN N.MADHAVI Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Department of Ocean Engineering IIT Madras

Presence of the outer perforated cylinder reduces the direct wave impact on the inner cylinder, which has been testified by many researchers. However, the force reduction mechanism, which is complicated due to the wave-porous structure interaction, needs to be addressed in detail. The present study explains the mechanism with the aid of the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） tool STAR CCM＋. This package is chosen for its capabilities to simulate viscous and turbulence effects caused by passage of waves. For the present study, flow fields around the twin cylinders with different orientations are examined with and without the outer perforated cover. Mechanism contributing to the reduction of force on the existing structure is explained in physical terms, and force reduction is quantified. The present study has direct application in the retrofitting application of offshore members.

关键词： CFD offshore structure perforated cylinder hydrodynamic force water particle kinematics twin cylinders

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Appropriate Sub-band Selection in Wavelet Packet Decomposition for Automated Glaucoma Diagnoses

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2015年第4期12卷 393-401页

作者： chandrasekaran Raja Narayanan Gangatharan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering R.M.K.College of Engineering and Technology

The most common reason for blindness among human beings is *** increase of fluid pressure damages the optic nerve which gradually leads to irreversible loss of vision.A technique for automated screening of Glaucoma from the fundal retinal images is presented in this *** paper intends to explore the significance of both the approximate and detail coefficients through wavelet packet decomposition(WPD).Decomposition is done with "db3" wavelet function and the images are decomposed up to level-3producing 84 *** features,the energy and the entropy are calculated for each sub-band producing two feature matrices(158 images × 84 features).The above step is purely a statistical measure based on *** enhance the diagnostic accuracy,the second phase considers the structural(biological) region of interest(ROI) in the image and then extracts the same *** is worthy to note that direct biological features are not extracted to eliminate the drawbacks of segmentation whereas the biologically significant region is taken as ***,the detailed coefficient sub-bands(prominent edges) show more significance in the biological-ROI *** from enhancing the diagnostic accuracy by feature reduction,the paper intends to mark the significance indices,uniqueness and discrimination capability of the significant features(sub-bands) in both the ***,the crisp inputs are fed to the classifier ***,from the significant features of the biological-ROI feature matrices,the accuracy is raised to 85%which is notable than the accuracy of 79%achieved without considering the ROI.

关键词： Glaucoma wavelet packet decomposition feature reduction feature significance artificial neural networks.

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Automating Transfer Credit Assessment-A Natural Language Processing-Based Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2257-2274页

作者： Dhivya chandrasekaran Vijay Mago Lakehead University Thunder BayOntarioP7B 5E1Canada

Student mobility or academic mobility involves students moving between institutions during their post-secondary education,and one of the challenging tasks in this process is to assess the transfer credits to be offered to the incoming *** general,this process involves domain experts comparing the learning outcomes of the courses,to decide on offering transfer credits to the incoming *** manual implementation is not only labor-intensive but also influenced by undue bias and administrative *** proposed research article focuses on identifying a model that exploits the advancements in the field of Natural Language Processing(NLP)to effectively automate this *** the unique structure,domain specificity,and complexity of learning outcomes(LOs),a need for designing a tailor-made model *** proposed model uses a clustering-inspired methodology based on knowledge-based semantic similarity measures to assess the taxonomic similarity of LOs and a transformer-based semantic similarity model to assess the semantic similarity of the *** similarity between LOs is further aggregated to form course to course *** to the lack of quality benchmark datasets,a new benchmark dataset containing seven course-to-course similarity measures is *** the inherent need for flexibility in the decision-making process the aggregation part of the model offers tunable parameters to accommodate different levels of *** providing an efficient model to assess the similarity between courses with existing resources,this research work also steers future research attempts to apply NLP in the field of articulation in an ideal direction by highlighting the persisting research gaps.

关键词： Articulation agreements higher education natural language processing semantic similarity

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Silver nanoparticles tolerant bacteria from sewage environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 346-352页

作者： Sudheer Khan Amitava Mukherjee Natarajan chandrasekaran Nanobio-Medicine Laboratory School of Bio-Sciences and TechnologyVIT University

Silver nanoparticle （SNP） is a threat to soil, water and human health. Protection of environment from silver nanoparticles is a major concern. A sewage isolate, Bacillus pumilus treated with SNPs showed similar growth kinetics to that without nanoparticles. A reduction in the amount of exopolysaccharides was observed after SNPs - B. pumilus culture supernatant interaction. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） peaks for the exopolysaccharides extracted from the bacterial culture supernatant and＇the interacted SNPs were almost similar. The exopolysaccharide capping of the SNPs was confirmed by UV-Visible, FT-IR and X-ray diffraction analysis. The study of bacterial exopolysaccharides capped SNPs with E. coli, S. aureus and M. luteus showed less toxicity compared to uncoated SNPs. Our studies suggested that the capping of nanopartieles by bacterially produced exopolysaccharides serve as the probable mechanism of tolerance.

关键词： Bacillus pumilus silver nanoparticles exopolysaccharides encapsulation bacterial tolerance toxicity reduction

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Structural, optical and electron paramagnetic resonance studies on Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using a novel auto-combustion method

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2013年第2期7卷 196-201页

作者： R. ELILARASSI G. chandrasekaran Magnetism and Nanomagnetic Materials Lab Department of Physics School of Physical Chemical and Applied Sciences Pondicherry University Puducherry 605014 India

Nanocrystalline Zn1_xCuxO （x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08） samples were synthesized by a novel auto-combustion method using glycine as the fuel material. The structural, optical and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized using XRD, SEM, photoluminescence （PL） and electron paramagnetic resonance （EPR） spectro- scopies. The XRD spectra of samples reveal the hexagonal wurtzite structures of ZnO. As the copper content increases, a diffraction peak at 28 = 39° corresponding to secondary phase of CuO （[111] crystalline face） appears when x≤ 6 mol.%. PL spectra of the samples show a strong ultraviolet （UV） emission and defect related visible emissions. Cu-doping in ZnO can effectively adjust the energy level in ZnO, which leads to red shift in the emission peak position in UV region. The EPR spectra of Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles show a distinct and broad signal at room temperature, suggesting that it may be attributed to the exchange interactions within Cu2＋ ions.

关键词： Cu-doped ZnO auto-combustion luminescence electron paramagneticresonance (EPR)

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Screening,phylogenetic analysis and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from typhoid asymptomatic carriers

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第10期4卷 769-772页

作者： Balaji chandrasekaran Senthilkumar Balakrishnan Centre for Biotechnology Muthayammal College of Arts & ScienceRasipuram-637408Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To isolate the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi(***) from asymptomatic typhoid carriers in the local *** assess the antibiotic sensitivity and resistant pattern of *** isolates against viable antibiotics and phylogenetic analysis of *** isolates on the basis of 16S rDNA ***:*** was isolated and identified based on the cultural characteristics on BSA(Bismuth Sulphite Agar),MacConkey agar,agglutination test with specific antiserum and phylogenetic *** isolates were tested for sensitivity and resistant pattern with a number of viable antibiotics by disc diffusion ***:A total of 15 bile samples were collected from the food handlers to screen the typhoid asymptomatic *** result was yielded for 3 out of 15 *** isolates showed resistant to amphicillin(100%), tetracyclin(100%),rifampicin(66.5%),ofloxacin(33.5%),cloxacillin(33.5%) and susceptibility to gentamycin(100%),amikacin(100%),chloramphenicol(100%),streptomycin(100%),kanamycin (100%),cprofloxacin(100%),amoxycillin(66.5%) and ofloxacin(66.5%).Conclusions:This study demonstrates the outbreak of typhoid fever occurs through asymptomatic *** addition,this study also reveals the occurrence of considerable drug resistant among the *** isolates.

关键词： Asymptomatic typhoid carriers Antibiotics Phylogeny

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In situ formation of bimetallic FeNi nanoparticles on sand through green technology:Application for tetracycline removal

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 185-197页

作者： Ravikumar KVG Debayan Ghosh M rudula Pulimi chandrasekaran Natarajan Amitava Mukherjee Centre for Nanobiotechnology VITVelloreTamil NaduIndia

In this study,FeNi nanoparticles were green synthesized using Punica granatum(pomegranate)peel extract,and these nanoparticles were also formed in situ over quartz sand(GS-FeNi)for removal of tetracycline(TC).Under the optimized operating conditions,(GS-FeNi concentration:1.5%w/v;concentration of TC:20 mg/L;interaction period:180 min),99±0.2%TC removal was achieved in the batch reactor The removaT capacity was 181±1 mg/g.A detailed characterization of the sorbent and the solution before and after the interaction revealed that the removal mechanism(s)involved both the sorption and degradation of *** reusability of reactant was assessed for four cycles of operation,and 77±4%of TC removal was obtained in the *** judge the environmental sustainability of the process,residual toxicity assay of the interacted TC solution was performed with indicator bacteria(Bacillus and Pseudomonas)and algae(Chlorella sp.),which confirmed a substantial decrease in the *** continuous column studies were undertaken in the packed bed reactors using *** the optimized conditions,quite high removal efficiency(978±5 mg/g)was obtained in the *** application of GS-FeNi for antibiotic removal was further evaluated in lake water,tap water,and ground water spiked with TC,and the removal capacity achieved was found to be 781±5,712±5,and 687±3 mg/g,*** work can pave the way for treatment of antibiotics and other pollutants in the reactors using novel green composites prepared from fruit wastes.

关键词： GS-FeNi nanoparticles Tetracycline removal Re-usability Residual toxicity Column studies

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Optimization and modeling studies on the production of a new fibrinolytic protease using Streptomyces radiopugnans_VITSD8

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第1期13卷 70-77页

作者： Dhamodharan Duraikannu Subathra Devi chandrasekaran School of Biosciences and Technology VIT University Vellore Tamil Nadu lndia

BACKGROUND： The current study demonstrated the possibility of statistical design tools combination with computational tools for optimization of fermentation conditions for enhanced fibrinolytic protease production. METHODS： The effects of using different carbon and nitrogen sources for protease production by Streptomyces radiopugnans_VITSD8 were examined by a full factorial design method. The incubation time, temperature, pH of the medium, and RPM were assessed by the predictable one factor at a time （OFAT） method. Optimization was carried out using starch and oat meal as carbon source, nitrogen source as peptic and malt extract using Fractional Factorial Design （FFD）. The analysis was further continued for medium volume, temperature, initial medium pH, inoculum concentration, high determination co-efficient as （R＇-0.965）, and lower determination co-efficient of variation （CV-8.19%）, which defines a reliable and accurate experimental value. RESULTS： Analysis of variance by the fixed slope effect by temperature and starch; temperature and L-aspargine, temperature and oat meal, temperature and peptic extracts, temperature and pH, temperature and duration of incubation were more vital for protease production at an interactive level. Response surface plots revealed that temperature, starch, and peptic extracts affix critical concerning in temperature. Programming estimated a 28% increase in protease production. Incubation temperature and medium volume portrayed extreme impact among all factor. Starch, peptic and temperature play an important regulatory role in protease production. Optimium temperature for protease production was 33~C. The ratio of carbon and nitrogen sources and pH were the major regulatory factors in protease production by Streptomyces radiopugnans_VITSD8. It demonstrated a 4% noteworthy change in condition. CONCLUSION： Among all the selected parameters, temperature was the most intuitive factor, demonstrating a notable connection with the type of medi

关键词： Protease Streptomyces radiopugnans_VITSD8 Full Factorial design (FFD) fermentation optimization RSM

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Dynamic partner selection in Cloud Federation for ensuring the quality of service for cloud consumers

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2017年第3期8卷 261-284页

作者： Manoj V.Thomas K.chandrasekaran Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Surathkal Karnataka 575025India

Cloud Computing has become the popular paradigm for accessing the various scalable and on-demand computing services over the ***,individual Cloud Service Providers(CSPs)offering specialized services to the customers collaborate to form the Cloud Federation,in order to reap the real benefits of Cloud *** collaboration,the member CSPs of the federation achieve better resource utilization and Quality of Service(QoS),thereby increasing their business *** a CSP runs out of resources in the Cloud Federation,in order to offload the customer requests for resources to other CSP(s),identifying a suitable partner is a challenging task due to the lack of global coordination among *** this paper,we propose the design and implementation of an efficient partner selection mechanism in the Cloud Federation,using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)methods,and also considering the trust values of various CSPs in the *** AHP method is used to calculate the weights of the QoS parameters used in the TOPSIS method which is used to rank the various CSPs in the Cloud Federation according to the user *** results show the effectiveness of this approach in order to efficiently select the trustworthy partners in large scale federations to ensure the required QoS to the cloud consumers.

关键词： Analytic hierarchy process technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution CloudSim trust

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