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Impact of Fin Arrangement on Heat Transfer and Melting Characteristics of Phase Change Material

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 435-456页

作者： arun UNIYAL Yogesh K.PRAJAPATI Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology UttarakhandSrinagar(Garhwal)246174India Department of Mechanical Engineering BIT SindriDhanbadJharkhand828123India

Present work investigates the heat transfer and melting behaviour of phase change material(PCM) in six enclosures(enclosure-1 to 6) filled with paraffin wax.Proposed enclosures are equipped with distinct arrangements of the fins while keeping the fin's surface area equal in each case.Comparative analysis has been presented to recognize the suitable fin arrangements that facilitate improved heat transfer and melting rate of the PCM.Left wall of the enclosure is maintained isothermal for the temperature values 335 K,350 K and 365 K.Dimensionless length of the enclosure including fins is ranging between 0 and 1.Results have been illustrated through the estimation of important performance parameters such as energy absorbing capacity,melting rate,enhancement ratio,and Nusselt number.It has been found that melting time(to melt 100% of the PCM) is 60.5%less in enclosure-2(with two fins of equal length) as compared to the enclosure-1,having no fins.Keeping the fin surface area equal,if the longer fin is placed below the shorter fin(enclosure-3),melting time is further decreased by 14.1% as compared to enclosure-2.However,among all the configurations,enclosure-6 with wire-mesh fin structure exhibits minimum melting time which is 68.4% less as compared to the enclosure-1.Based on the findings,it may be concluded that fins are the main driving agent in the enclosure to transfer the heat from heated wall to the PCM.Proper design and positioning of the fins improve the heat transfer rate followed by melting of the PCM in the entire area of the enclosure.Evolution of the favourable vortices and natural convection current in the enclosure accelerate the melting phenomenon and help to reduce charging time.

关键词： phase change material enclosure fin melting fraction energy storage heat transfer

Optimal timing for plastic surgical procedures for common congenital anomalies:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 38-61页

作者： Aakanksha Goel arun Goel Divine Aesthetic Surgery New Delhi 110048India Department of Plastic Surgery Lok Nayak Hospital and Associated Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110002India

Apart from listening to the cry of a healthy newborn,it is the declaration by the attending paediatrician in the labour room that the child is normal which brings utmost joy to parents.The global incidence of children born with congenital anomalies has been reported to be 3%-6%with more than 90%of these occurring in low-and middle-income group countries.The exact percentages/total numbers of children requiring surgical treatment cannot be estimated for several reasons.These children are operated under several surgical disciplines,viz,paediatric-,plastic reconstructive,neuro-,cardiothoracic-,orthopaedic surgery etc.These conditions may be life-threatening,e.g.,trachea-oesophageal fistula,critical pulmonary stenosis,etc.and require immediate surgical intervention.Some,e.g.,hydrocephalus,may need intervention as soon as the patient is fit for surgery.Some,e.g.,patent ductus arteriosus need‘wait and watch’policy up to a certain age in the hope of spontaneous recovery.Another extremely important category is that of patients where the operative intervention is done based on their age.Almost all the congenital anomalies coming under care of a plastic surgeon are operated as elective surgery(many as multiple stages of correction)at appropriate ages.There are advantages and disadvantages of intervention at different ages.In this article,we present a review of optimal timings,along with reasoning,for surgery of many of the common congenital anomalies which are treated by plastic surgeons.Obstetricians,paediatricians and general practitioners/family physicians,who most often are the first ones to come across such children,must know to guide the parents appropriately and convincingly impress upon the them as to why their child should not be operated immediately and also the consequences of too soon or too late.

关键词： Plastic surgery Congenital anomalies Pediatric plastic surgery Facial cleft Microtia Vascular anomalies Syndactyly Hypospadias Optimal timing Pediatric surgery

Machine learning for predicting the outcome of terminal ballistics events

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 14-26页

作者： Shannon Ryan Neeraj Mohan Sushma arun Kumar AV Julian Berk Tahrima Hashem Santu Rana Svetha Venkatesh Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute(A2I2) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC3216Australia

Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal ballistics.We evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite thickness.To achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release sources.We demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this range.Although extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is required.To circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss function.The physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when not.The resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical approach.Compared with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude faster.We provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballistics problems.

关键词： Machine learning Artificial intelligence Physics-informed machine learning Terminal ballistics Armour

Pharmacological potential of Manilkara zapota(L.)P.Royen(Sapodilla):a narrative review

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期44卷 403-407页

作者： Priyanka Sharma Aakash Deep Harish Kumar Nitin Bansal Sanjiv Kumar arun Davinder Kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chaudhary Bansi Lal UniversityBhiwani 127021India Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharishi Dayanand UniversityRohtak 124001India

Herbal medicine is safe and effective in treating various diseases.Traditional herbal medicine plays a tremendous role in treatment of various diseases and accompanying complications,hence herbal medicine requires remarkable attention in further research for the development of numerous active formulations for treatment of health troubles.The plant needs special consideration for development and research of unidentified compound and characterization of novel active molecules that overcome multiple pathological abnormalities.The genus Manilkara contains 135 plants around the world.This overview discusses all the virtues of most important and commonly used plant Manilkara zapota(L.)P.Royen(M.zapota),also known as Sapodilla.M.zapota has various traditional beneficial effects in treatment of various diseases and disorders dating back to prehistoric times and used in ancient traditional system of herbal medicine.

关键词： herbal medicine Manilkara zapota phytoconstituents pharmacological activity review

Secure and resilient improved image steganography using hybrid fuzzy neural network with fuzzy logic

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 91-101页

作者： Sachin Dhawan Hemanta Kumar Bhuyan Subhendu Kumar Pani Vinayakumar Ravi Rashmi Gupta arun Rana Alanoud Al Mazroa Dorset College King George BlvdSurreyBritish ColumbiaCanada Department of Information Technology Vignan’s Foundation for ScienceTechnology and Research(Deemed to be University)Andhra PradeshIndia Krupajal Computer Academy Biju Patnaik University of Technology(BPUT)Rourkela 751002India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia NSUT East Campus(Formerly AIACTRDelhi 110031India(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Inderaprastha University))Dwarka 110078India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology Greater Noida 201310Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)P.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

The exponential growth in communication networks,data technology,advanced libraries,and mainly World Wide Web services has played a pivotal role in facilitating the retrieval of various types of information as needed.However,this progress has also led to security concerns related to the transmission of confidential data.Nevertheless,safeguarding these data during communication through insecure channels is crucial for obvious reasons.The emergence of steganography offers a robust approach to concealing confidential information,such as images,audio tracks,text files,and video files,in suitable media carriers.A novel technique is envisioned based on back-propagation learning.According to the proposed method,a hybrid fuzzy neural network(HFNN)is applied to the output obtained from the least significant bit substitution of secret data using pixel value dif-ferences and exploiting the modification direction.Through simulation and test results,it has been observed that the proposed methodology achieves secure steganography and superior visual quality.During the experiments,we observed that for the secret image of the cameraman,the PSNR&MSE values of the proposed technique are 61.963895 and 0.041361,respectively.

关键词： Image enhancement Image processing Steganography Deep learning Fuzzy neural combination

Scheme Based on Multi-Level Patch Attention and Lesion Localization for Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 409-430页

作者： Zhuoqun Xia Hangyu Hu Wenjing Li Qisheng Jiang Lan Pu Yicong Shu arun Kumar Sangaiah School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangshaChina Hunan Province People’s Hospital(The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) ChangshaChina The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University NanningChina International Graduate Institute of AI National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlinChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityBayrutLebanon

Early screening of diabetes retinopathy(DR)plays an important role in preventing irreversible blindness.Existing research has failed to fully explore effective DR lesion information in fundus maps.Besides,traditional attention schemes have not considered the impact of lesion type differences on grading,resulting in unreasonable extraction of important lesion features.Therefore,this paper proposes a DR diagnosis scheme that integrates a multi-level patch attention generator(MPAG)and a lesion localization module(LLM).Firstly,MPAGis used to predict patches of different sizes and generate a weighted attention map based on the prediction score and the types of lesions contained in the patches,fully considering the impact of lesion type differences on grading,solving the problem that the attention maps of lesions cannot be further refined and then adapted to the final DR diagnosis task.Secondly,the LLM generates a global attention map based on localization.Finally,the weighted attention map and global attention map are weighted with the fundus map to fully explore effective DR lesion information and increase the attention of the classification network to lesion details.This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method through extensive experiments on the public DDR dataset,obtaining an accuracy of 0.8064.

关键词： DDR dataset diabetic retinopathy lesion localization multi-level patch attention mechanism

Mechanism of microbial spore inactivation through electromagnetic radiations:a review

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第4期4卷 324-334页

作者： Piyush Sharma arun Prasath Venugopal Parag Prakash Sutar Hong-wei Xiao Qi Zhang Deparment of Food Process Engineering.National Institute of Techmology Rourkela Odisha 769008India College of Engineering China Agriculural UniversityBejing 100083China School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UTniversiny Yangzhou 225002China

Spores are the biological structures formed out of sporulation from vegetative cells in adverse conditions.Being tolerant to many extreme environment and conditions,they escape and survives critical processing steps in the food industry that poses food and health safety problems,as is evident from the increase in reports of food-bome outbreaks due to spore-fomers.Electromagnetic radiation(EM)is used for rapid decontamination and sterilization purposes in the food industry.Many studies have reported a greater reduction in spore population upon irradiation with EM rays due to its impact on genomic material and other components of spores that destabilises overall structue and brings clonogenic death However,there is scattered literature regarding the mechanism of its inactivation and resistance against such damage.This review attempts to concisely evaluate the potential of electromagnetic radiations in spore inactivation and details its mechanism through a collective study of scientific results and repouts.It also briefs about the process of sporulation,the structure of spores and the role of its components in the resistance of spores to damage.Many studies,which demonstrated that combining various EM treatments might be an effective way for inactivation of spores,were discussed in detail.

关键词： Spore structure Electromagnetic radiations Mechanism of inactivation Damage resistance

Is primary transcatheter aortic valve implantation the new normal?

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 458-461页

作者： R.Anantharaman C.Sundar Kamal Kant Jena K.arun Department of Cardiology Kauvery HospitalChennaiIndia

Degenerative calcific aortic valve stenosis(AS)is the most common valvular heart disease in elderly.^[1] It is well documented that symptomatic severe AS follows a malignant course leading to cardiogenic shock(CS).

关键词： aortic stenosis implantation

Advancements in nanotechnology for the delivery of phytochemicals

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 385-398页

作者： Divya Chauhan Pavan K.Yadav Nazneen Sultana arun Agarwal Saurabh Verma Manish K.Chourasia Jiaur R.Gayen Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Central Drug Research Institute Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research

Phytosomes(phytophospholipid complex) are dosage forms that have recently been introduced to increase the stability and therapeutic effect of herbal medicine. Currently, bioactive herbs and the phytochemicals they contain are considered to be the best remedies for chronic diseases. One promising approach to increase the efficacy of plant-based therapies is to improve the stability and bioavailability of their bio-active ingredients. Phytosomes employ phospholipids as their active ingredients, and use their amphiphilic properties to solubilize and protect herbal extracts. The unique properties of phospholipids in drug delivery and their use in herbal medicines to improve bioavailability results in significantly enhanced health benefits. The introduction of phytosome nanotechnology can alter and revolutionize the current state of drug delivery. The goal of this review is to explain the application of phytosomes, their future prospects in drug delivery, and their advantages over conventional formulations.

关键词： Bioavailability Drug delivery system Phytochemical Phytosome Plant extracts