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Linear and nonlinear propagation characteristics of multi-Gaussian laser beams

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第11期29卷 370-379页

作者： Naveen gupta Sandeep kumar Lovely Professional University PhagwaraIndia

Theoretical investigation on the propagation characteristics of a new class of laser beams known as multi Gaussian(M.G)laser beams has been *** investigate the linear characteristics,propagation of the laser beam in vacuum has been ***,the nonlinear characteristics have been investigated in *** nonlinearity of the plasma has been modeled by relativistic mass nonlinearity of the plasma electrons in the field of laser *** is based on finding the semi analytical solution of the wave equation for the slowly varying envelope of the laser ***,the dynamical evolutions of the beam width and longitudinal phase of the laser beam have been investigated in detail.

关键词： self-focusing multi Gaussian self phase modulation self-channeling

Insights from a Brief Study of Renal Calculi:Recent Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches

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Journal of Bio-X Research 2024年第1期7卷 8-19页

作者： Aashish kumar Rajat Goyal Kajal Garg Sumeet gupta Kashish Wilson Hitesh Chopra MM College of Pharmacy Maharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Mullana-AmbalaHaryana 133207India Lal Chand Mal College of Education JhansaKurukshetraHaryana 136130India Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennaiTamil Nadu 602105India

Background:Renal calculi,commonly known as kidney stones,is a prevalent urological condition that affects a substantial portion of the population *** formation of kidney stones is a complex process influenced by various factors,including diet,fluid intake,genetics,and metabolic *** pathogenesis of renal calculi involves a complex interplay of multiple factors,including supersaturation of urine with stone-forming constituents,urinary supersaturation,crystallization,and ***:This review aims to provide an overview of the present understanding of renal calculi,their pathophysiology,diagnostic approaches,and available treatment ***:This review discusses the different types of kidney stones,such as calcium oxalate,calcium phosphate,uric acid,and struvite stones,and explores their formation mechanisms and associated risk *** management of renal calculi relies on stone characteristics,patient symptoms,stone size,and ***,counseling and education regarding lifestyle modifications and risk factor management are essential for long-term ***:Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management based on stone characteristics and patient symptoms are essential for successful *** strategies to reduce stone recurrence are vital for long-term management and patient ***,further research is needed to refine diagnostic techniques,improve treatment options,and enhance the understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of renal calculi.

关键词： diagnosis urine treatment

Systematic review with expert consensus on use of extracorporeal hemoadsorption in septic shock:An Indian perspective

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 65-75页

作者： Yatin Mehta Abdul Samad Ansari Amit kumar Mandal Dipanjan Chatterjee Gauri Shankar Sharma Prachee Sathe Purvesh V Umraniya Rajib Paul Sachin gupta Vinod Singh Yogendra Pal Singh Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology Medanta The MedicityGurgaon 122001HaryanaIndia Department of Critical Care Nanavati Max Super Specialty HospitalMumbai 400065India Department of Pulmonology Sleep and Critical CareFortis HospitalMohaliPunjabMohali 160062PunjabIndia Department of Cardio-Puimonary Critical Care Medica Superspecialty HospitalKolkata 700099India Department of Critical Care Medicine Fortis HospitalNew Delhi 110070India Department of Critical Care Medicine D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeSant Tukaram NagarPimpri ColonyPimpri-ChinchwadPune 411018India Department of Critical Care Medicine Bhailal Amin General HospitalVadodara 390003GujaratIndia Department of Internal Medicine Apollo HospitalsJubilee HillsHyderabad 500033India Department of Anaesthesiology Narayana Superspeciality HospitalGurugram 122002India Department of Critical Care Medicine Institute of Critical Care MedicineHospital Name-Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110001India Department of Critical Care Medicine Max Super Speciality HospitalDelhi 110092India

BACKGROUND Septic shock is a severe form of sepsis characterised by deterioration in circulatory and cellular-metabolic *** standard therapy,the outcomes are *** adjuvant therapy,such as CytoSorb®extracorporeal haemoadsorption device,has been investigated and shown promising ***,there is a lack of some guidance to make clinical decisions on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption as an adjuvant therapy in septic shock in Indian ***,this expert consensus was *** To formulate/establish specific consensus statements on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption treatment based on the best available evidence and contextualised to the Indian *** We performed a comprehensive literature on CytoSorb®haemoadsorption in sepsis,septic shock in PubMed selecting papers published between January 2011 and March 20232021 in English *** statements for a consensus document were developed based on the summarised literature analysis and identification of knowledge *** a modified Delphi approach combining evidence appraisal and expert opinion,the following topics related to CytoSorb®in septic shock were addressed:need for adjuvant therapy,initiation timeline,need for Interleukin-6 levels,duration of therapy,change of adsorbers,safety,prerequisite condition,efficacy endpoints and management *** expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** Eleven expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** 11 experts in the consensus group(100%)participated in the first,second and third round of *** three iterative voting rounds and adapting two statements,consensus was achieved on nine statements out of nine *** consensus expert panel also recognised the necessity to form an associatio

关键词： Consensus CytoSorb Cytokine Hemoadsorption Refractory Sepsis Septic shock

A Parallel Interval Computation Model for Global Optimization with Automatic Load Balancing

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第4期27卷 744-753页

作者：吴勇 arun kumar Department of International Business and Asian Studies Griffith University School of Aerospace Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringRMIT University

In this paper, we propose a decentralized parallel computation model for global optimization using interval analysis. The model is adaptive to any number of processors and the workload is automatically and evenly distributed among all processors by alternative message passing. The problems received by each processor are processed based on their local dominance properties, which avoids unnecessary interval evaluations. Further, the problem is treated as a whole at the beginning of computation so that no initial decomposition scheme is required. Numerical experiments indicate that the model works well and is stable with different number of parallel processors, distributes the load evenly among the processors, and provides an impressive speedup, especially when the problem is time-consuming to solve.

关键词： parallel processing automatic load balancing computation model interval analysis global optimization

Determining the relationship between chemical composition and size, shape and effective density of airborne fine particles through concurrent use of inertial and optical based measurements

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Particuology 2016年第5期14卷 93-101页

作者： Anand kumar Tarun gupta Environmental Engineering and Management Program Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Zurich 8092 Switzerland Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India

This study presents the development of a medium flow, multiple slit based PM2.5 （particle aerodynamic diameter 〈2.5 μm） inertial impactor. Its performance was compared with that of a light scattering based optical particle sizer in a field study and in controlled lab based experiments using polydisperse dolomite powder as test aerosol. The impactor＇s optimum nozzle configuration had a cutoff size of 2.51 μm （aero- dynamic diameter） at an operating flow rate of 215 L/rain with a pressure drop of 0.35 kPa across the impactor stage. Because the apparent particle density of an ambient aerosol depends on the physical properties and the chemical composition of the particles, the PM2.5 mass concentration was measured with an optical particle sizer and an inertial impactor over a weekday and a weekend day in a field study during which the effective particle shape factor and density were in tandem modified in order to com- pare the results from the two sampling techniques. The correlation of the two instrument results tended towards 1：1 with increasing values of shape factor （irregular shaped） and effective particle density. This observation was supported through chemical investigations of the collected mass, which showed a higher percentage contribution from elements which are mostly of crustal nature （namely, Ca, Fe, and Mg）.

关键词： lmpactor PM2.5 Optical particle counter Effective particle density Shape factor

Uniqueness,reciprocity theorem,and plane waves in thermoelastic diffusion with a fractional order derivative

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第7期22卷 286-297页

作者： Rajneesh kumar Vandana gupta Department of Mathematics Kurukshetra University

In this work, a theory of thermoelasticity with diffusion is taken into consideration by using the methodology of fractional calculus. The governing equations for particle motion in a homogeneous anisotropic fractional order generalized thermoelastic diffusive medium are presented. Uniqueness and reciprocity theorems are proved. The plane wave propagation in the homogeneous transversely isotropic thermoelastic diffusive medium with fractional order derivative is studied. For the two-dimensional problem, there exist a quasi-longitudinal wave, a quasi-transverse wave, a quasi-mass diffusion wave, and a quasi-thermal wave. From the obtained results, the different characteristics of waves, like phase velocity, attenuation coefficient, specific loss, and penetration depth, are computed numerically and presented graphically. Some special cases are also discussed.

关键词： thermoelastic diffusion fractional calculus uniqueness theorem reciprocity theorem

Expression analysis of reactive oxygen species detoxifying enzyme genes in Anopheles stephensi during Plasmodium berghei midgut invasion

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第9期7卷 680-684页

作者： RK Chaitanya P Sridevi K Surendra kumar Babu S Mastan K arun kumar A Dutta-gupta School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad

Objective:To investigate the involvement of reactive oxygen species detoxification system in Anopheles stephensi during Plasmodium berghei midgut ***:Eight key reactive oxygen species metabolizing enzymes were cloned and characterized,and their expression was monitored in parasite-infected ***:Superoxide anion detoxifying superoxide dismutases(Fe/Mn SOD,Cu/Zn SOD 2,Cu/Zn SOD 3A,and Cu/Zn SOD 3B)depicted varied expression ***/Mn SOD expression declined,whereas Cu/Zn SOD expression was elevated in the infected ***,catalase and glutathione peroxidase showed lack of induction in expression during the Plasmodium berghei ***,expression of thioredoxin reductase increased in the infected mosquitoes,whereas gluthathione S-transferase levels decreased ***:Detoxification enzymes may play a role in modulating host immunity and parasite transmission.

关键词： Anophelesstephensi Detoxificationenzymes Geneexpression Malaria Oxidativestress Plasmodiumberghei Reactiveoxygenspecies

A state-of-the-art review of solar passive building system for heating or cooling purpose

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Frontiers in Energy 2016年第3期10卷 347-354页

作者： arun kumar NANDA C K PANIGRAHI Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchiranchi 835215 India School of Electrical Engineering Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Bhubaneswar 751024 India

The major portion of energy in a building is consumed by heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning （HVAC）. The traditional heating and cooling systems contribute greatly to the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. Four different ways, i.e., Trombe wall, solar chimney, unglazed transpired solar facade, and solar roof, are adopted for solar heating. Similarly, two major ways, i.e., evaporative cooling and building integrated evaporative cooling are adopted for cooling of the building. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this paper to compile the developments of solar heating and cooling technologies in a building.

关键词： HVAC heating cooling solar heating carbondioxide (CO2) emissions

Determination of the particle load based on detailed suspended sediment measurements at a hydropower plant

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第5期34卷 409-421页

作者： Anant kumar Rai arun kumar Alternate Hydro Energy Centre

Suspended sediment particles contained in inflows of water systems of hydropower plants(HPPs) cause hydro-abrasive erosion of the hydraulic turbines and structures leading to significant maintenance costs,efficiency reductions, and downtime. Relevant parameters such as suspended sediment concentration(SSC), particle size distribution(PSD), shape, and mineralogical composition were measured with an online multi-frequency acoustic instrument and based on manually taken samples from the end of the sand trap of the Toss HPP in the Himalayan region, India. In the laboratory, the samples were analyzed using the gravimetric method, laser diffraction, turbidity, dynamic digital image processing, scanning electron microscope, petrography analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray *** online instrument and the samples provided measurement results at a single point. To investigate vertical gradients in concentration and particle sizes, additional samples were collected 9 times at 7 relative water depths. The SSC, most particle sizes, and particle shape were found to be evenly distributed over depth except d90, i.e. the diameter which is not exceeded by 90% of the particle mass. d90 measured at 76% of the water depth was in the range of fine sand and was multiplied by 1.05 to obtain an average value representative for the entire depth. Improved methodologies to quantify both particle shape and size in an analytical model for hydro-abrasive erosion are proposed. Also, the PSD measuring performance of laser diffraction and dynamic imaging was studied and similar values of the median particle sizes were obtained from both instruments. Further, multi-frequency acoustic, turbidity and laser diffraction techniques were found suitable for SSC measurement at the test case HPP.

关键词： Suspended sediment concentration Hydro-abrasive erosion Hydropower Particle size distribution Particle shape Mineralogical composition