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Endothelial dysfunction in the kidney transplant population:Current evidence and management strategies

World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 24-43页

作者： arun Prabhahar Akshey Batta Juniali Hatwal Vivek Kumar Raja Ramachandran Akash Batta Department of Telemedicine(Internal Medicine and Nephrology) Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Urology and Renal Transplant Neelam HospitalRajpura 140401PunjabIndia Department of Internal Medicine Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Nephrology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Cardiology Dayanand Medical College and HospitalLudhiana 141001PunjabIndia

The endothelium modulates vascular homeostasis owing to a variety of vasoconstrictors and *** dysfunction(ED),characterized by impaired vasodilation,inflammation,and thrombosis,triggers future cardiovascular(CV)*** kidney disease,a state of chronic inflammation caused by oxidative stress,metabolic abnormalities,infection,and uremic toxins damages the *** is also associated with a decline in estimated glomerular filtration *** kidney transplantation,endothelial functions undergo immediate but partial restoration,promising graft longevity and enhanced CV ***,the anticipated CV outcomes do not happen due to various transplant-related and unrelated risk factors for ED,culminating in poor CV health and graft *** in kidney transplant recipients is an underrecognized and poorly studied *** diseases are the leading cause of death among kidney transplant candidates with functioning *** contributes to the pathogenesis of many of the CV *** biomarkers and vasoreactivity tests are available to study endothelial *** an increasing number of transplants happening every year,and improved graft rejection rates due to the availability of effective immunosuppressants,the focus has now shifted to endothelial protection for the prevention,early recognition,and treatment of CV diseases.

关键词： Endothelial dysfunction Endothelium Cardiovascular disease Kidney transplantation Chronic kidney disease Nitric oxide Flow-mediated dilatation Nitro-glycerine-mediated dilatation Biomarkers

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Integrative and Comparative Genomic Analysis of HPV-Positive and HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Integrative and Comparative Genomic Analysis of HPV-Positive...

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中国生物工程学会第六次全国会员代表大会暨第九届学术年会

作者： Tanguy Y.Seiwert Zhixiang Zuo Michaela K.Keck arun khattri Chandra S.Pedamallu Thomas Stricker Christopher Brown Trevor J.Pugh Petar Stojanov Juok Cho Michael S.Lawrence Gad Getz Johannes Br?gelmann Rebecca DeBoer Ralph R.Weichselbaum Alexander Langerman Louis Portugal Elizabeth Blair Kerstin Stenson Mark W.Lingen Ezra E.W.Cohen Everett E.Vokes Kevin P.White Peter S.Hammerman Section of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineThe University of Chicago The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology University of Chicago Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Department of Medical Oncology Dana Farber Cancer Institute Department of Pathology Microbiologyand ImmunologyVanderbilt University Department of Genetics University of Pennsylvania Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Chicago Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery The University of Chicago Department of Pathology University of Chicago

Purpose:The genetic differences between human papilloma virus(HPV)–positive and –negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSCC) remain largely *** identify differential biology and novel therapeutic targets for both entities,we determined mutations and copy-number aberrations in a large cohort of locoregionally advanced *** Design:We performed massively parallel sequencing of 617 cancer-associated genes in 120 matched tumor/normal samples(42.5% HPV-positive).Mutations and copy-number aberrations were determined and results validated with a secondary ***:The overall mutational burden in HPV-negative and HPV-positive HNSCC was similar with an average of 15.2 versus14.4 somatic exonic mutations in the targeted cancer-associated ***-negative tumors showed a mutational spectrum concordant with published lung squamous cell carcinoma analyses with enrichment for mutations in TP53,CDKN2 A,MLL2,CUL3,NSD1,PIK3 CA,and NOTCH ***-positive tumors showed unique mutations in DDX3 X,FGFR2/3 and aberrations in PIK3 CA,KRAS,MLL2/3,and NOTCH1 were enriched in HPVpositive *** targetable genomic alterations were identified in FGFR1,DDR2,EGFR,FGFR2/3,EPHA2,and PIK3 ***,CCND1,and FGFR1 amplifications occurred in HPV-negative tumors,whereas 17.6% of HPV-positive tumors harbored mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor genes(FGFR2/3),including six recurrent FGFR3 S249 C ***-positive tumors showed a 5.8% incidence of KRAS mutations,and DNArepair gene aberrations,including 7.8% BRCA1/2 mutations,were ***:The mutational makeup of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC differs significantly,including targetable *** harbors multiple therapeutically important genetic aberrations,including frequent aberrations in the FGFR and PI3K pathway genes.

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Congenital anomalies of coronary artery misdiagnosed as coronary dilatations in Kawasaki disease:A clinical predicament

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 93-100页

作者： Rakesh Kumar Pilania Pallavi L Nadig Suprit Basu Reva Tyagi Abarna Thangaraj Ridhima Aggarwal Munish Arora arun Sharma Surjit Singh Manphool Singhal Pediatric Allergy Immunology Unit Department of PediatricsAdvanced Pediatrics CenterPost Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia

BACKGROUND 2D-echocardiography(2DE)has been the primary imaging modality in children with Kawasaki disease(KD)to assess coronary *** To report the presence and implications of incidental congenital coronary artery anomalies that had been misinterpreted as coronary artery abnormalities(CAAs)on *** Records of children diagnosed with KD,who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography(CTCA)at our center between 2013-2023 were *** identified 3 children with congenital coronary artery anomalies in this cohort on *** of CTCA and 2DE were compared in these 3 *** Of the 241 patients with KD who underwent CTCA,3(1.24%)had congenital coronary artery anomalies on CTCA detected *** all 3 patients,baseline 2DE had identified *** was then performed for detailed evaluation as per our unit ***(11-year-boy)amongst the 3 patients had complete KD,while the other two(3.3-year-boy;4-month-girl)had incomplete *** revealed separate origins of left anterior descending artery and left circumflex from left sinus[misinterpreted as dilated left main coronary artery(LCA)on 2DE],single coronary artery(interpreted as dilated LCA on 2DE)and dilated right coronary artery on 2DE in case of anomalous origin of LCA from the main pulmonary *** latter one was subsequently operated *** CTCA is essential for detailed assessment of coronary arteries in children with KD especially in cases where there is suspicion of congenital coronary artery *** solely on 2DE may not be sufficient in such cases,and findings from CTCA can significantly impact therapeutic decision-making.

关键词： Coronary artery abnormalities Congenital coronary artery anomalies Computed tomography coronary angiography Kawasaki disease 2-dimensional echocardiography

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Mechanical and Physical Properties of Pineapple Leaf and Sun Hemp Fibre Reinforced Hybrid Natural Composite Fabricated by Compression Moulding Method

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第1期19卷 257-267页

作者： A.arun Premnath Centre for Composite Science and Tribology Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa MahavidyalayaKanchipuramTamilnadu631561India

The implementation of natural fibres in polymer composites will result in biodegradable,low cost,recyclable materials for automobile and structural *** the process of making natural fibre composites viable in the global market,it is essential to understand its mechanical and physical *** the present investigation,mechanical and physical properties of pineapple Leaf(PALF)and Sun Hemp(SH)Fibre reinforced with epoxy matrix was studied in terms of weight(wt)%of fibre loading and chemical *** composites were fabricated by compression moulding technique with PALF fibre content varying from 10,15 and 20%of weight *** PALF and SHF were treated with NaOH solution for 1 h at room *** various mechanical properties such as tensile,compression,flexural and impact strength were measured as per ASTM *** density and water absorption were also measured to study the physical properties of the fabricated *** treated composites exhibit a rough surface because of the removal of the cellulose layer which results in better adhesion between the matrix/fibre interface than untreated *** NaOH treated fibres composites outperformed untreated fibre composites in terms of mechanical and physical properties except for impact *** morphological studies of the worn surfaces are examined using Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).

关键词： Pineapple leaf fibre Compression moulding Mechanical properties Physical properties Morphological studies

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Natural compounds in the regulation of proteostatic pathways: An invincible artillery against stress, ageing, and diseases

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第10期11卷 2995-3014页

作者： arun Upadhyay Department of Biochemistry Central University of Rajasthan 305817India

Cells have different sets of molecules for performing an array of physiological *** acids have stored and carried the information throughout evolution,whereas proteins have been attributed to performing most of the cellular *** perform these functions,proteins need to have a unique conformation and a definite *** attributes are achieved by a highly coordinated protein quality control(PQC)system comprising chaperones to fold the proteins in a proper threedimensional structure,ubiquitin-proteasome system for selective degradation of proteins,and autophagy for bulk clearance of cell *** kinds of stresses and perturbations may lead to the weakening of these protective cellular machinery,leading to the unfolding and aggregation of cellular proteins and the occurrence of numerous pathological ***,modulating the expression and functional efficiency of molecular chaperones,E3 ubiquitin ligases,and autophagic proteins may diminish cellular proteotoxic load and mitigate various pathological *** medicine and small molecule-based therapies have been well-documented for their effectiveness in modulating these pathways and reestablishing the lost proteostasis inside the cells to combat disease *** present article summarizes various similar reports and highlights the importance of the molecules obtained from natural sources in disease therapeutics.

关键词： Proteostasis Proteinopathies Chaperones Ubiquitin proteasome system Autophagy Cancer Neurodegeneration Ageing Natural molecules Drug discovery

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Evolution of the 2015/16 El Nio and historical perspective since 1979

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第9期60卷 1572-1588页

作者： Yan XUE arun KUMAR Climate Prediction Center National Centers for Environmental Prediction National Weather Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration College Park MD 20740 USA

The 2015/16 El Nio developed from weak warm conditions in late 2014 and NINO3.4 reached 3℃ in November 2015. We describe the characteristics of the evolution of the 2015/16 El Nio using various data sets including SST, surface winds,outgoing longwave radiation and subsurface temperature from an ensemble operational ocean reanalyses, and place this event in the context of historical ENSO events since 1979. One salient feature about the 2015/16 El Nio was a large number of westerly wind bursts and downwelling oceanic Kelvin waves(DWKVs). Four DWKVs were observed in April-November 2015 that initiated and enhanced the eastern-central Pacific warming. Eastward zonal current anomalies associated with DWKVs advected the warm pool water eastward in spring/summer. An upwelling Kelvin wave(UWKV) emerged in early November 2015 leading to a rapid decline of the event. Another outstanding feature was that NINO4 reached a historical high(1.7℃), which was 1℃(0.8℃) higher than that of the 1982/83(1997/98) El Nio . Although NINO3 was comparable to that of the 1982/83 and 1997/98 El Nio , NINO1+2 was much weaker. Consistently, enhanced convection was displaced 20 degree westward, and the maximum D20 anomaly was about 1/3.1/2 of that in 1997 and 1982 near the west coast of South America.

关键词： ENSO Sea surface temperature Westerly wind bursts Ocean Kelvin waves Thermocline variability Ocean reanalysis

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Comparative cytotoxicity of nanoparticles and ions to Escherichia coli in binary mixtures

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第5期29卷 11-19页

作者： Swati Srivastaua arun Kumar Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi 110016 India

The objective of this study was to understand toxicity of mixture of nanoparticles （NPs）（ZnO and TiO2） and their ions to Escherichia coll. Results indicated the decrease in percentage growth of E. coli with the increase in concentration of NPs both in single and mixture setups. Even a small concentration of I mg/L was observed to be significantly toxic to E. coli in binary mixture setup （exposure concentration： 1 mg/L ZnO and 1 mg/L TiO2; 21.15% decrease in plate count concentration with respect to control）. Exposure ofE. coli to mixture of NPs at 1000 mg/L （i.e., 1000 mg/L ZnO and 1000 mg/L TiO2） resulted in 99.63% decrease in plate count concentration with respect to control. Toxic effects of ions to E. coli were found to be lesser than their corresponding NPs. The percentage growth reduction was found to be 36% for binary mixture of zinc and titanium ions at the highest concentration （i.e., 803.0 mg/L Zn and 593.3 mg/L Ti where ion concentrations are equal to the Zn ions present in 1000 mg/L ZnO NP solution and Ti＋4 ions present in 1000 mg/L TiO2 NP solution）. Nature of mixture toxicity of the two NPs to E. coli was found to be antagonistic. The alkaline phosphatase （Alp） assay indicated that the maximum damage was observed when E. coli was exposed to 1000 mg/L of mixture of NPs. This study tries to fill the knowledge gap on information of toxicity of mixture of NPs to bacteria which has not been reported earlier.

关键词： E. coli Zinc oxide nanoparticles Titanium dioxide nanoparticles Mixture toxicity Alkaline phosphatase assay

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Relating Maxwell's demon and quantitative analysis of information leakage for practical imperative programs

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第10期26卷 122-131页

作者： Kushal Anjaria arun Mishra Department of Computer Science & Engineering DIAT

Shannon observed the relation between information entropy and Maxwell demon experiment to come up with information entropy formula. After that, Shannon＇s entropy formula is widely used to measure information leakage in imperative programs. But in the present work, our aim is to go in a reverse direction and try to find possible Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup for contemporary practical imperative programs in which variations of Shannon＇s entropy formula has been applied to measure the information leakage. To establish the relation between the second principle of thermodynamics and quantitative analysis of information leakage, present work models contemporary variations of imperative programs in terms of Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup. In the present work five contemporary variations of imperative program related to information quantification are identified. They are：（i） information leakage in imperative program, （ii） imperative multi- threaded program, （iii） point to point leakage in the imperative program, （iv） imperative program with infinite observation, and （v） imperative program in the SOA-based environment. For these variations, minimal work required by an attacker to gain the secret is also calculated using historical Maxwell＇s demon experiment. To model the experimental setup of Maxwell＇s demon, non-interference security policy is used. In the present work, imperative programs with one-bit secret information have been considered to avoid the complexity. The findings of the present work from the history of physics can be utilized in many areas related to information flow of physical computing, nano-computing, quantum computing, biological computing, energy dissipation in computing, and computing power analysis.

关键词： information Maxwell's demon second principle of thermodynamics information security reversible system

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Shock wave mitigation using zig-zag structures and cylindrical obstructions

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 1840-1851页

作者： arun Kumar R Vaibhav Pathak Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur(IITJ)JodhpurRajasthan342037India

The present study focuses on the mitigation of shock wave using novel geometric passages in the flow *** strategy is to produce multiple shock reflections and diffractions in the passage with minimum flow obstruction,which in turn is expected to reduce the shock wave strength at the target *** the present study the interaction of a plane shock front(generated from a shock tube)with various geometric designs such as,1)zig-zag geometric passage,2)staggered cylindrical obstructions and 3)zigzag passage with cylindrical obstructions have been investigated using computational *** is seen from the numerical simulation that,among the various designs,the maximum shock attenuation is produced by the zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions which is then followed by zig-zag passage and staggered cylindrical obstructions.A comprehensive investigation on the shock wave reflection and diffraction phenomena happening in the proposed complex passages have also been carried *** the new zig-zag design,the initial shock wave undergoes shock wave reflection and diffraction process which swaps alternatively as the shock front moves from one turn to the other *** cyclic shock reflection and diffraction process helps in diffusing the shock wave energy with practically no obstruction to the flow *** is found that by combining the shock attenuation ability of zig-zag passage(using shock reflection and diffraction)with the shock attenuation ability of cylindrical blocks(by flow obstruction),a drastic attenuation in shock strength can be achieved with moderate level of flow blocking.

关键词： Blast wave mitigation Blockage ratio Geometric obstructions Shock wave reflection and diffraction Zig-zag structure

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Cancer: An unknown territory;rethinking before going ahead

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第5期8卷 655-661页

作者： arun Upadhyay Department of Biochemistry Central University of RajasthanRajasthan305817India

Cancer is a disease of altered signaling and metabolism,causing uncontrolled divi-sion and survival of transformed cells.A host of molecules,factors,and conditions have been designated as underlying causes for the inception and progression of the *** enormous amount of data is available,system-wide interaction networks of the genes and proteins are generated over the years and have now reached up to a level of saturation,where we need to shift our focus to the more advanced and comprehensive methods and approaches of data analysis and *** with the availability of enormous literature on this one of the most pressing pathological conditions,a successful cure of the disease seems to be *** treatment plans,like immunotherapy and precision medicine,are being employed for different ***,their actual benefits to the patients would be known only after the evaluation of clinical data over the next few ***,we need to look at few fundamental challenges that should be addressed in more depth before we could devise bet-ter,rigorous,and comprehensive treatment plans and may successfully reach a possible cure of the *** article aims at bringing attention towards some fundamental gaps in our approach towards the disease that leads to failure in devising successful therapeutics.

关键词： Bottom-up approach Evolution of cancer Genetic diversity Immunotherapy Multimodal treatment

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