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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第4期6卷 69-75页

作者： Ermira Muco Arta Kushi Neada Hoxha Anila Monka Ali Tonuzi Majlinda Kota artan bego Dhimiter Kraja Department of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Center “Mother Tereza” Tirana Albania Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Center “Mother Tereza” Tirana Albania Institute of Public Health Tirana Albania

We describe a case of Mediterranean spotted fever complicated with thrombosis of the left central retinal vein. A 41-year-old woman patient living in the city Scodra was referred to our hospital in October 2017 for high fever 40°C, muscular and articular pains, severe headache, maculopapular rash, chills, photophobia and visual loss in his left eye. Ocular examination showed vision acuity: OD 8/10, OS 2/10. Funduscopic examination complemented with fluorescein angiography showed: optic nerve papilla with clear contours, diffuse hemorrhages in the contest off retinal vein thrombosis, white retinal lesions, vascular sheathing and macular cystoids edema. R. conorii antibodies were identified by ELISA anti Rickettsia conorii IgM, IgG and Weil-Felix Ox-19 test. Investigation of other infective agents and the immunological panel were negative. After treatment with doxycycline 200 mg/day for 10 days vision acuity was OD: 8/10 OS: 6/10;FO: There are less hemorrhages in fluorescein angiograph and OCT showed a reduced macular cystoids edema. Mediterranean spotted fever should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient who presents with an acute febrile disease accompanied by maculopapular rash especially in the seasons of spring, summer or autumn.

关键词： Mediterranean Spotted Fever Rickettsia conorii Thrombosis Central Retinal Vein

Acute ethanol-related nervous system injuries

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Journal of Acute Disease 2019年第1期8卷 12-15页

作者： Gentian Vyshka Tefta Shaqiri Bujar Cakani artan Distafa Faculty of Medicine University of Medicine in TiranaAlbania Laboratory Department German HospitalTiranaAlbania Department of Internal Diseases Elbasan District HospitalAlbania Service of Orthopedics University Trauma CenterTiranaAlbania

Acute ethanol intoxication has a diversity of clinical pictures that extend from mere euphoria to severe neurological impairment culminating in coma. Although the majority of cases have a reversible and benign course, the situation needs a careful medical monitoring. Authors describe pharmacological aspects of the acute ethanol intoxication, with organs and systems affected during the consumption of exaggerated quantities. Correlations between blood alcohol concentration and neurological symptomatology are given, and a brief discussion of the criteria for the acute intoxication is made. The fact that this occurrence has been of little attention is due not only to the reversibility of the majority of symptoms, but also because that medical research has been ever since focused more on chronic diseases related to alcohol abuse, withdrawal syndrome and recently with hangover as an independent situation. With no specific antidote actually at hand, treatment is symptom-oriented and the pharmacological armamentarium is richer when it comes to dealing with withdrawal, abstinence and other chronic complications of ethanol abuse.

关键词： Ethanol Alcohol intoxication Binge Alcohol hangover Nervous system

Investigation of DNAmethylation of TWIST Gene in Breast Cancer and Its Relationship to Histopathological Features

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2019年第1期8卷 45-59页

作者： Onur Eroglu Oguz Cilingir Sevilhan artan Beyhan Durak Aras Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Science and Letters Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Bilecik Turkey Biotechnology Research and Application Center Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Bilecik Turkey Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey

BACKGROUND: Promoter hypermethylation and global hypomethylation in the human genome are hallmarks of most cancers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the methylation profile patterns of TWIST gene and to investigate the relationship of methylation with pathological features. METHODS: Romoter CpGisland methylation of TWIST which can be related in breast cancer was performed by methylation-sensitive high resolution melting (MS-HRM) analysis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of 80 patients with a diagnosis of primary breast cancer from Eskisehir Osmangazi University medical faculty of Oncology Clinic were included. RESULTS: In our study, the promoter hypermethylation frequency of TWIST gene was 25.0%. With these results, when the prognostic factors of the patients were analyzed, tumor stage and age were found to be meaningless with the hypermethylation of TWIST gene, but found to be significant with lymph node positivity, ER positivity, PR negativity, and HER2/NEU negativity. CONCLUSION: Our study is important as being the first study that analyzes association between histopathologic type and TWIST gene promotor methylation status in Turkish population.

关键词： Breast Cancer Methylation MS-HRM TWIST

Detection of Promoter Hypermethylation of GSTP1 and CDH1 Genes and the Relationship of Histopathological Parameters of the Breast

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2018年第2期7卷 91-106页

作者： Onur Eroglu Mine Erci Baysak Beyhan Durak Aras Oguz Cilingir Sevilhan artan Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Art and Science Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Bilecik Turkey Biotechnology Research and Application Center Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Bilecik Turkey Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Histopathology plays an important part in determining the treatment strategy for women with breast cancer. GSTP1 plays an important role in protecting cells from cytotoxic and carcinogenic agents and it is expressed in normal tissues at variable levels in different cell types. CDH1 plays a critical role for establishment and maintenance of polarity and differentiation of epithelium during the development period. Also, it plays an important role in signal transduction, differentiation, gene expression, cellmotility and inflammations. Methods: In this study the promoter methylation levels of GSTP1 and CDH1 gene which are associated with breast cancer were investigated by technique of Methylation Sensitive High Resolution Melting Analysis (MS-HRM). We analysed primary tumor core biopsies from 80 high-risk primary breast cancer patients (tumors ≥ 2 cm and/or lymphatic metastase and/or distant metastases and/or under 40 years). Also the patients’ histopathologic types were associated with the methylation levels. Results: In our study the promoter hypermethylation status was observed at different rates;GSTP1 and CDH1 hypermethylation frequencies were 82% and 95% respectively. The promoter hypermethylation levels of the genes were found to be significant with lymph node positivity, ER positivity and HER2/neu negativity. Conclusion: Our study is important as being the first study that analyzes association between histopathologic type and GSTP1 and CDH1 gene promotor methylation status in Turkish population.

关键词： Breast Cancer Methylation GSTP1 CDH1 Histopathological Types

Magnitudes of Climate Variability and Changes over the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands of Kenya between 1961 and 2013 Period

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American Journal of Climate Change 2018年第1期7卷 27-39页

作者： Jully O. Ouma Luke O. Olang Gilbert O. Ouma Christopher Oludhe Laban Ogallo Guleid artan Department of Meteorology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Centre (ICPAC) Nairobi Kenya Department of Biosystem and Environmental Engineering Technical University of Kenya Nairobi Kenya

The magnitude and trend of temperature and rainfall extremes as indicators of climate variability and change were investigated in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) of Kenya using in-situ measurements and gridded climate proxy datasets, and analysed using the Gaussian-Kernel analysis and the Mann-Kendall statistics. The results show that the maximum and minimum temperatures have been increasing, with warmer temperatures being experienced mostly at night time. The average change in the mean maximum and minimum seasonal surface air temperature for the region were 0.74°C and 0.60°C, respectively between the 1961-1990 and 1991-2013 periods. Decreasing but statistically insignificant trends in the seasonal rainfall were noted in the area, but with mixed patterns in variability. The March-April-May rainfall season indicated the highest decrease in the seasonal rainfall amounts. The southern parts of the region had a decreasing trend in rainfall that was greater than that of the northern areas. The results of this study are expected to support sustainable pastoralism system prevalent with the local communities in the ASALs.

关键词： Arid and Semi-Arid Lands Climate Variability and Change Northern Kenya

Forage Monitoring and Prediction Model for Early Warning Application over the East of Africa Region

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2022年第4期5卷 1-9页

作者： Jully Ouma Dereje Wakjira Ahmed Amdihun Eva Nyaga Franklin Opijah John Muthama Viola Otieno Eugene Kayijamahe Solomon Munywa Guleid artan Department of Meteorology University of Nairobi30197-00100NairobiKenya IGAD Centre for Pastoral Areas and Livestock Development(ICPALD) 47824-00100NairobiKenya IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Centre(ICPAC) 10304-00100NairobiKenya

Rangelands dominate arid and semi-arid lands of the Greater Horn of Africa(GHA)region,whereby pastoralism being the primary source of *** pastoral livelihood is affected by the seasonal variability of pasture and water *** research sought to design a grid-based forage monitoring and prediction model for the cross-border areas of the GHA region.A technique known as Geographically Weighted Regression was used in developing the model with monthly rainfall,temperature,soil moisture,and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI).Rainfall and soil moisture had a high correlation with NDVI,and thus formed the model development *** model performed well in predicting the available forage biomass at each grid-cell with March-May and October-December seasons depicting a similar pattern but with a different magnitude in ton/*** output is critical for actionable early warning over the GHA region’s rangeland *** is expected that this mode can be used operationally for forage monitoring and prediction over the eastern Africa region and further guide the regional,national,sub-national actors and policymakers on issuing advisories before the season.

关键词： Prediction Forage biomass Rangelands Pastoralism Early warning East Africa

Gall Bladder Stone in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Mogadishu-Three Year Retrospective Study

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Surgical Science 2022年第9期13卷 435-442页

作者： Abdirahman Ahmed Mohamud Nasteho Mohamad Sheikh Omar Nur Adam Mohamed Lıban Muse Mohamed Abdıhakım artan Abdı Fuduma Nur Adan Salim İdris Keleşoğlu Jafar Abdulahi Omar Department of General Surgey Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somali Department of Emergency Medicine Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somali Department of Psychiatric Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somali Department of Public Health Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somali Department of ENT Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somali Department of Infectious Disease Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somali Aden Adde International University Mogadishu Somalia

Introduction: Gallstone disease, also known as gallbladder stones or GBS, is almost always asymptomatic but can result in a number of problems, including ascending cholangitis and obstructive jaundice. The frequency of gallbladder stones among patients who were sent for abdominal ultrasound at Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia, during the period between January 2018 and June 2022 was assessed in this study. Methods: This is a record-based study that was carried out at the radiology department of Mogadishu Somali Turkey Training and Research Hospital on patients who were chosen for abdominal ultrasounds during the months of January 2018 and January 2022. The study focused on cases that occurred within those periods. Reports of abdominal ultrasounds served as the source of the collected data. Results: Records from 2352 patients are included in this study. They were divided into 451 (19.1%) males and 1901 (80.8%) females. Patients with GBS were present in 76.4 percent of cases. 73.2 percent of patients had big stones larger than 5 mm, while 53.4 percent of patients had several stones. GBS 1474 (77.5%) was substantially more common in females than in males (71.6%: 323/451) (P 0.008). The presence of small stones (less than 5 mm) was also shown to be significantly different between males and females (P = 0.015). Furthermore, compared with men, females had a considerably higher frequency of big GBS (5 mm) (P 0.015). Conclusion: In this study, it was discovered that females were significantly more likely than males to have GBS. Small stones were found much more frequently in the males. When compared to men, females had a considerably higher frequency of large GBS.

关键词： Gall Stone Abdominal Ultrasound Gall Bladder Cholangitis Gall Bladder Stone (GBS)

Vulnerability of Kenya’s Water Towers to Future Climate Change: An Assessment to Inform Decision Making in Watershed Management

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American Journal of Climate Change 2020年第3期9卷 317-353页

作者： Kenneth Kemucie Mwangi Anthony M. Musili Viola A. Otieno Hussen S. Endris Geoffrey Sabiiti Mohammed A. Hassan Abebe Tadege Tsehayu artan Guleid Zachary Atheru Alphonce C. Guzha Thomas De Meo Nikola Smith Dickson Lubanga Makanji John Kerkering Brehan Doud Enock Kanyanya IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Centre Nairobi Kenya USDA Forest Service International Programs c/o African Wildlife Foundation (AWF) Karen Kenya USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region Portland OR USA Egerton University Njoro Kenya USDA Forest Service International Programs Washington DC USA USDA Forest Service International Programs Seattle USA USAID Kenya and East Africa Nairobi Kenya

Recent trends show that in the coming decades, Kenya’s natural resources will continue to face significant pressure due to both anthropogenic and natural stressors, and this will have greater negative impacts on socio-economic development including food security and livelihoods. Understanding the impacts of these stressors is an important step to developing coping and adaptation strategies at every level. The Water Towers of Kenya play a critical role in supplying ecosystems services such as water supply, timber and non-timber forest products and regulating services such as climate and water quantity and quality. To assess the vulnerability of the Water Towers to climate change, the study adopted the IPCC AR4 framework that defines vulnerability as a function of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The historical trends in rainfall indicate that the three Water Towers show a declining rainfall trend during the March-April-May (MAM) main rainy season, while the October-November-December (OND) short rainy season shows an increase. The temperature patterns are consistent with the domain having a common rising trend with a rate in the range of 0.3°C to 0.5°C per decade. Projection analysis considered three emissions scenarios: low-emission (mitigation) scenario (RCP2.6), a medium-level emission scenario (RCP4.5), and a high-emission (business as usual) scenario (RCP8.5). The results of the high-emission scenario show that the annual temperature over the Water Towers could rise by 3.0°C to 3.5

Vulnerability of Kenya’s Water Towers to Future Climate Change: An Assessment to Inform Decision Making in Watershed Management

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