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Engineering crop resistance by manipulating disease susceptibility genes

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Molecular Plant 2022年第10期15卷 1511-1513页

作者： Muhammad arslan Mahmood Rubab Zahra Naqvi shahid Mansoor Agricultural Biotechnology Division National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(NIBGE)College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Jhang RoadFaisalabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences University of SialkotSialkotPakistan

Wheat production is often affected by different types of rust diseases,in which stripe rust is triggered by a fungal pathogen,Puccinia striiformis ***(Pst),and remains the biggest challenge to plant breeders and the farming ***,pathogens exploit its effector proteins for altering the susceptibility(S)genes in the host plant,rendering host defense ***,altering the S genes by employing precise genome editing tools provides a great opportunity to develop broad-spectrum and durable,resistant ***,Wang et al.,2022 have demonstrated the TaPsIPK1 as an ideal S gene target to confer stripe rust resistance in wheat,providing an opportunity to deliver broad-spectrum,rust-resistant crop varieties.

关键词： Wheat susceptibility resistance

WeiTsing:A guard of the stele

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Molecular Plant 2023年第8期16卷 1237-1239页

作者： Muhammad arslan Mahmood Rubab Zahra Naqvi shahid Mansoor Plant Sciences Division Research School of BiologyThe Australian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(NIBGE)College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Science(PIEAS) FaisalabadPakistan international Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences(ICCBS) University ofKarachiKarachiPakistan

Soil-borne pathogens,e.g.,Plasmodiophora brassicae,causes devastating clubroot disease,and existing identified resistance(R)genes has been broken down with the co-evolution of pathogen,threatening the future of cruciferous ***,there is a dire need to identify new R genes for developing clubroot-resistant ***,Wang et al.,2023 have reported a new R gene,WeiTsing,that confers complete resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae,providing an opportunity to deliver broad-spectrum,durable clubroot-resistant crop varieties.

关键词： al. guard resistance

Application of maximum rank distance codes in designing of STBC-OFDM system for next-generation wireless communications

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第4期10卷 1048-1056页

作者： arslan Khalid Prapun Suksompong School of Information Computer and Communication TechnologySirindhorn International Institute of TechnologyThammasat UniversityPathumthani12000Thailand

Space-Time Block Coded(STBC)Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)satisfies higher data-rate requirements while maintaining signal quality in a multipath fading ***,conventional STBCs,including Orthogonal STBCs(OSTBCs),Non-Orthogonal(NOSTBCs),and Quasi-Orthogonal STBCs(QOSTBCs),do not provide both maximal diversity order and unity code rate simultaneously for more than two transmit *** paper targets this problem and applies Maximum Rank Distance(MRD)codes in designing STBCOFDM *** following the direct-matrix construction method,we can construct binary extended finite field MRD-STBCs for any number of transmitting *** uses MRD-STBCs built over Phase-Shift Keying(PSK)modulation to develop an MRD-based STBC-OFDM *** MRD-based STBC-OFDM system sacrifices minor error performance compared to traditional OSTBC-OFDM but shows improved results against NOSTBC and *** also provides 25%higher data-rates than OSTBC-OFDM in configurations that use more than two transmit *** tradeoffs are minor increases in computational complexity and processing delays.

关键词： Bit error rate(BER) Galois field Maximum rank distance(MRD)codes Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) Primitive polynomials Space-time block codes(STBC)

Photon attenuation parameters for some tissues from Geant4simulation, theoretical calculations and experimental data:a comparative study

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2019年第6期30卷 78-87页

作者： Halil arslan Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sakarya University of Applied Sciences

Mass attenuation coefficients, effective atomic numbers, effective electron densities and Kerma relative to air for adipose, muscle and bone tissues have been investigated in the photon energy region from 20 keV up to 50 MeV with Geant4 simulation package and theoretical calculations. Based on Geant4 results of the mass attenuation coefficients, the effective atomic numbers for the tissue models have been calculated. The calculation results have been compared with the values of the Auto-Zeff program and with other studies available in the literature. Moreover, Kerma of studied tissues relative to air has been determined and found to be dependent on the absorption edges of the tissue constituent elements.

关键词： Attenuation coefficient Effective atomic number Geant4 simulation Tissue model

Investigation of the parameters affecting the behavior of RC beams strengthened with FRP

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第6期16卷 729-743页

作者： Kadir SENGUN Guray arslan Department of Civil Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbul 34220Turkey

Three-point bending tests were carried out on nineteen Reinforced Concrete(RC)beams strengthened with FRP in the form of completely *** strip width to spacing ratios,FRP type,shear span to effective depth ratios,the number of FRP layers in shear,and the effect of stirrups spacing were the parameters investigated in the experimental *** FRP contribution to strength on beams having the same strip width to spacing ratios could be affected by the shear span to effective depth ratios and stirrups *** FRP contributions to strength were less on beams with stirrups in comparison to the tested beams without *** RC beams using FRP could change the failure modes of the beams compared to the reference *** addition to the experimental study,a number of equations used to predict the FRP contribution to the shear strength of the strengthened RC beams were assessed by using a limited number of beams available in the *** effective FRP strain is predicted by using test results,and this prediction is used to calculate the FRP contribution to shear strength in ACI 440.2R(2017)*** on the statistical values of the data,the proposed equation has the lowest coefficient of variation(COV)value than the other equations.

关键词： carbon glass strengthening shear strength reinforced concrete beam fiber reinforced polymer

A geochemical perspective on the genesis of Cenozoic basic volcanism in northeastern Turkey:an overview of metasomatism and heterogeneity of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle in a post-collisional setting

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 489-506页

作者： Mehmet arslan Irfan Temizel Department of Geological Engineering Karadeniz Technical University61080 TrabzonTurkey

The post-collisional Cenozoic basic volcanic rocks in NE Turkey show temporal variations in whole-rock lithophile element and highly siderophile element(HSE)systematics that are mainly associated with the nature of sub-continental lithospheric mantle(SCLM)sources and parental melt *** far,the traditional whole-rock lithophile geochemical data of these basic volcanic rocks have provided important constraints on the nature of SCLM *** lithophile element and HSE geochemical data of these basic volcanic rocks also reveal the heterogeneity of the SCLM source,which is principally related to variable metasomatism resulting from previous subduction(s)and post-collisional mantle-crust interactions in an extensional *** element geochemical features suggest that the parental magmas have derived from metasomatized spinel-to garnet-bearing SCLM sources for Eocene and Miocene basic volcanic rocks with subduction signatures whereas originated from spinel-to garnet-bearing SCLM sources for Mio-Pliocene and Plio-Quaternary basaltic volcanic rocks without the subduction *** element and HSE geo-chemistry also reveal that Eocene and Miocene basic vol-canic rocks were affected by more pronounced crustal contamination than the basaltic volcanic rocks of Mio-Pliocene and ***,the integrated lithophile element and HSE compositions of these basic volcanic rocks,together with the regional asymmetric lithospheric delamination model,reveal that the compositional variation(especially due to metasomatism)was significant temporally in the heterogeneity of the SCLM sources from which parental magmas formed during the Cenozoic era.

关键词： Basalt Lithospheric mantle Metasomatism Mantle heterogeneity Cenozoic volcanics NE Turkey

Gender disparities and woman-specific trends in Barrett’s esophagus in the United States:An 11-year nationwide populationbased study

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 60-71页

作者： Karina Fatakhova Faisal Inayat Hassam Ali Pratik Patel Attiq Ur Rehman arslan Afzal Muhammad Sarfraz Shiza Sarfraz Gul Nawaz Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Rubaid Dhillon Arthur Dilibe Benjamin Glazebnik Lindsey Jones Emily Glazer Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mather Hospital and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra UniversityPort JeffersonNY 11777United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes-BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionCleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Internal Medicine Mather Hospital and Hofstra University ZuckerSchool of MedicinePort JeffersonNY 11777United States

BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus(BE)is a known premalignant precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).The prevalence rates continue to rise in the United States,but many patients who are at risk of EAC are not *** practice guidelines include male gender as a predisposing factor for BE and *** population-based clinical evidence regarding female gender remains *** To study comparative trends of gender disparities in patients with BE in the United *** A nationwide retrospective study was conducted using the 2009-2019 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)*** with a primary or secondary diagnosis code of BE were *** major outcome of interest was determining the gender disparities in patients with *** analysis for respective outcomes for females was also reported to ascertain any time-based *** We identified 1204190 patients with BE for the study *** the included patients,717439(59.6%)were men and 486751(40.4%)were *** mean age was higher in women than in men(67.1±0.4 vs 66.6±0.3 years,P<0.001).The rate of BE per 100000 total NIS hospitalizations for males increased from 144.6 in 2009 to 213.4 in 2019(P<0.001).The rate for females increased from 96.8 in 2009 to 148.7 in 2019(P<0.001).There was a higher frequency of obesity among women compared to men(17.4%vs 12.6%,P<0.001).Obesity prevalence among females increased from 12.3%in 2009 to 21.9%in 2019(P<0.001).A lower prevalence of smoking was noted in women than in men(20.8%vs 35.7%,P<0.001).However,trend analysis showed an increasing prevalence of smoking among women,from 12.9%in 2009 to 30.7%in 2019(P<0.001).Additionally,there was a lower prevalence of alcohol abuse,Helicobacter pylori(***),and diabetes mellitus among females than males(P<0.001).Trend analysis showed an increasing prevalence of alcohol use disorder and a decreasing prevalence of *** and diabetes mellitus among women(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The prevalence of BE among

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Gender disparity Epidemiological trends Esophageal adenocarcinoma Screening endoscopy Female gender Risk factors

Obesity, fatty liver disease and intestinal microbiota

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16452-16463页

作者： Nur arslan Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Nutrition and Metabolism Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine Department of Molecular Medicine Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is a chronic liver disorder that is increasing in prevalence with the worldwide epidemic of obesity. NAFLD is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. The term NAFLD describes a spectrum of liver pathology ranges from simple steatosis to steatosis with inflammation nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and even cirrhosis. Metabolic syndrome and NAFLD also predict hepatocellular carcinoma. Many genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to contribute to the development of obesity and NAFLD, but the exact mechanisms are not known. Intestinal ecosystem contains trillions of microorganisms including bacteria, Archaea, yeasts and viruses. Several studies support the relationship between the intestinal microbial changes and obesity and also its complications, including insulin resistance and NAFLD. Given that the gut and liver are connected by the portal venous system, it makes the liver more vulnerable to translocation of bacteria, bacterial products, endotoxins or secreted cytokines. Altered intestinal microbiota(dysbiosis) may stimulate hepatic fat deposition through several mechanisms: regulation of gut permeability, increasing low-grade inflammation, modulation of dietary choline metabolism, regulation of bile acid metabolism and producing endogenous ethanol. Regulation of intestinal microbial ecosystem by diet modifications or by using probiotics and prebiotics as a treatment for obesity and its complications might be the issue of further investigations.

关键词： Intestinal microbiota Dysbiosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Obesity

A Novel Contour Tracing Algorithm for Object Shape Reconstruction Using Parametric Curves

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 331-350页

作者： Nihat arslan Kali Gurkahraman Defence Technology Programme Sivas University of Science and TechnologySivas58070Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivas58140Turkey

Parametric curves such as Bézier and B-splines, originally developedfor the design of automobile bodies, are now also used in image processing andcomputer vision. For example, reconstructing an object shape in an image,including different translations, scales, and orientations, can be performedusing these parametric curves. For this, Bézier and B-spline curves can be generatedusing a point set that belongs to the outer boundary of the object. Theresulting object shape can be used in computer vision fields, such as searchingand segmentation methods and training machine learning algorithms. Theprerequisite for reconstructing the shape with parametric curves is to obtainsequentially the points in the point set. In this study, a novel algorithm hasbeen developed that sequentially obtains the pixel locations constituting theouter boundary of the object. The proposed algorithm, unlike the methods inthe literature, is implemented using a filter containing weights and an outercircle surrounding the object. In a binary format image, the starting point ofthe tracing is determined using the outer circle, and the next tracing movementand the pixel to be labeled as the boundary point is found by the filter ***, control points that define the curve shape are selected by reducing thenumber of sequential points. Thus, the Bézier and B-spline curve equationsdescribing the shape are obtained using these points. In addition, differenttranslations, scales, and rotations of the object shape are easily provided bychanging the positions of the control points. It has also been shown that themissing part of the object can be completed thanks to the parametric curves.

关键词： Contour tracing algorithm bézier curve B-spline curve object shape reconstruction