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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第3期11卷 257-262页

作者： Waqas ALI arshad javid Saddam HUSSAIN Ali HUSSAIN Syed Mohsin BUKHARI Department of Wildlife and Ecology University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahorePakistan

This study was conducted in selected sites of District Bahawalnagar namely,Shaheed Chowk,Chak40/F,Chak 163/7 R and Fareedkot Tiba between March 2019 and August *** techniques included recording of burrows,flooding,burrow exaction,noose traps and pit fall traps were used to capture Uromast yx *** this survey150 individuals were captured from study area for morphological measurement and population *** average snout to vent length(SVL)of male,female and juveniles were(172.50±19.71)mm,(155.50±18.72)mm and(86.25±11.72)mm *** average weight of male,female and juvenile was(93.06±8.56)g,(88.16±7.95)g and(40.16±4.30)g *** relative abundance(Pi)of males,females and juveniles were 0.53,0.33 and *** spiny tailed lizard(***)has been listed in the IUCN Red list and *** threats to the species in the study area are increase in urbanization,habitat fragmentation,illegal hunting for meat and *** this regard strict implementation of the Wildlife act is needed to protect the wildlife of ***,comprehensive surveys are required in throughout Punjab to declare conservation status of ***.

关键词： habitat morphological characters population Uromastyx hardwickii

The electronic and magnetic properties of wurtzite Mn：CdS, Cr：CdS and Mn：Cr：CdS： first principles calculations

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Journal of Semiconductors 2017年第7期38卷 36-43页

作者： Azeem Nabi Zarmeena Akhtar Tahir Iqbal Atif Ali Muhammad arshad javid Department of Physics University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences (Physics) University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Pakistan

In this article, density functional theory（DFT） based on generalized gradient approximation（GGA）and GGACU, U is Hubbard term, is used to study the electronic properties of CdS doped with different dopants（Cr, Mn）. The calculations are carried out for Mn-doped CdS, Cr-doped CdS, and co-doping of Mn/Cr in CdS simultaneously. It is found that hopping of electrons is possible with Cr：CdS and Mn：Cr：CdS while Mn：CdS does not allow the hopping of electrons. Moreover, double exchange interactions are observed in Cr：CdS and d-d superexchange interactions are observed in Mn：CdS. Now the problem becomes interesting when one magnetic ion（Cr） supporting double exchange interactions and another ion（Mn） supporting d-d super-exchange interactions are doped simultaneously in the same system（CdS）. The co-doped CdS is more stable even at high Curie temperature due to p-d double exchange interactions and d-d super exchange interactions. Furthermore, the Cr-3d and Mn-3d states present in-between the band gap are responsible for inner shell transitions and hence for optical ***, the co-doped system is taken into account to enhance its applications in the field of spintronic and magneto-optical devices.

关键词： wurtzite first principles density functional theory

Molecular dynamics simulation of nanoscale surface diffusion of heterogeneous adatoms clusters

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第7期25卷 341-348页

作者： Muhammad Imran Fayyaz Hussain Muhammad Rashid Muhammad Ismail Hafeez Ullah Yongqing Cai M arshad javid Ejaz Ahmad S A Ahmad Material Simulation Research Laboratory(MSRL) Department of PhysicsBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology44000 IslamabadPakistan Department of Physics Govt.College University FaisalabadLayyah CampusLayyah 31200Pakistan Institute of High Performance Computing A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Department of Basic Sciences(Physics) UETTaxila Department of Physics Simulation Laboratorythe Islamia University of Bahawalpur63100Pakistan

Molecular dynamics simulation employing the embedded atom method potential is utilized to investigate nanoscale surface diffusion mechanisms of binary heterogeneous adatoms clusters at 300 K, 500 K, and 700 K. Surface diffusion of heterogeneous adatoms clusters can be vital for the binary island growth on the surface and can be useful for the formation of alloy-based thin film surface through atomic exchange process. The results of the diffusion process show that at 300 K, the diffusion of small adatoms clusters shows hopping, sliding, and shear motion; whereas for large adatoms clusters（hexamer and above）, the diffusion is negligible. At 500 K, small adatoms clusters, i.e., dimer, show almost all possible diffusion mechanisms including the atomic exchange process; however no such exchange is observed for adatoms clusters greater than dimer. At 700 K, the exchange mechanism dominates for all types of clusters, where Zr adatoms show maximum tendency and Ag adatoms show minimum or no tendency toward the exchange process. Separation and recombination of one or more adatoms are also observed at 500 K and 700 K. The Ag adatoms also occupy pop-up positions over the adatoms clusters for short intervals. At 700 K, the vacancies are also generated in the vicinity of the adatoms cluster,vacancy formation, filling, and shifting can be observed from the results.

关键词： molecular dynamics surface diffusion adatoms atomic exchange

Vagus nerve stimulation in intracerebral hemorrhage:the need for further research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3213-3214页

作者： Sheharyar S.Baig Ali N.Ali arshad Majid Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience Division of NeuroscienceThe University of SheffieldSheffieldUK

Vagus nerve stimulation(VNS)and stroke:Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide(Baig et al.,2023).There have been significant paradigm shifts in the management of acute ischemic stroke through mechanical *** chronic ischemic stroke,invasive VNS paired with rehabilitation is associated with a significant increase in upper limb motor recovery and is FDA-approved(Baig et al.,2023).There are no treatments of similar efficacy in acute intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)where several promising trials,e.g.,TICH-2,STOP-AUST,and TRAIGE did not show improvements in functional outcomes(Puy et al.,2023).

关键词： stimulation acute

Seroprevalence of HDV among non-hospitalized HBs Ag positive patients from KPK-region of Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第7期6卷 609-613页

作者： Ismail Jalil Muhammad arshad Zara Rafaque Fazle Raziq Robina Wazir Sajid Malik javid Iqbal Dasti Department of Microbiology Qauid-i-Azam University Islamabad Department of Pathology Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Department of Pathology Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar Department of Animal Sciences Qauid-i-Azam University Islamabad

Objective: To study the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis delta virus(HDV) infections in patients visiting outpatient department of a major tertiary care hospital in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region of ***: Blood samples were collected from non-hospitalized patients. Serological analysis was done by ELISA and viral DNA was amplified by PCR. The amplified DNA was analyzed by agarose gel ***: Altogether, 946 blood samples were screened, overall percentage of HBs Agpositive patients remained 22.41%(prevalence: 224.10/1 000; CI: 0.197 5 ± 0.250 7) with the highest incidence rates among relatively younger age groups(20–29 years). The prevalence of HBV–HDV co-infection was found to be 46.75/1 000; CI: 0.031 8 ± 0.061 *** HBs Ag-positive patients, anti-HBc-total was detected in 86.79% while 25.00% were positive for anti-HBc-immunoglobulin M. Similarly, among these patients, HBV DNA was detected in 64.13% and 10.85% were co-infected with HDV. Different symptoms were associated with the prevailing infection, including malaise(62%), anorexia(66%) and fatigue(73%). The most commonly associated symptom was abdominal discomfort. Among these patients, certain risk factors, including surgery, visit to dentist and intravenus infusions were frequently associated with the infection(x^2= 95.23; df = 11; P < 0.000 1).Conclusions: Overall, this study confirmed higher prevalence of active HBV/HDV infection, among young patients from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region having no prior history of viral hepatitis.

关键词： HBV HCV HDV Risk factors Co-infection

Numerical and experimental study of wave shaper effects on detonation wave front

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第1期14卷 45-50页

作者： Khalid Naeem arshad Hussain SCME (NUST) Islamabad Simulation Lab.Room 113 SCME NUST H-12 Campus SCME (NUST) H-12 Campus

In the current study, streak camera was used to find concentricity of the assembly during detonation,investigate and compare shock front within the high explosive and behavior of the shock front on the surface of the liner, one containing wave shaper and the other without wave shaper. Streaks revealed that the whole assembly was concentric till the formation of the jet. Observed streaks vindicate the uniform propagation of shock front in both the cases. Results obtained for shock front velocities are in agreement with those obtained from simulations. In the presence of wave shaper higher shock front velocity was observed both in simulation and experiment. Simulation without wave-shaper showed that shock front struck the copper cone at grazing angle while in the presence of wave-shaper it struck at an angle of 125.

关键词： Shock front Streak camera Simulation Wave shaper

Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) Modeling of Heat Transfer in a Polymeric Membrane using Finite Volume Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第6期25卷 564-570页

作者： Muhammad Ahsan arshad Hussain School of Chemical and Materials Engineering(SCME) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)

The efficiency,robustness and reliability of recent numerical methods for finding solutions to flow problems have given rise to the implementation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD) as a broadly used analysis method for engineering problems like membrane separation *** CFD modeling in this study observes steady and unsteady(transient) heat flux and temperature profiles in a polymeric(cellulose acetate) *** study is novel due to the implementation of user defined scalar(UDS) diffusion equation by using user-defined functions(UDFs) infinite volume method(FVM).Some details of the FVM used by the solver are carefully discussed when implementing terms in the governing equation and boundary conditions(BC).The contours of temperature due to high-temperature gradient are reported for steady and unsteady problems.

关键词： unsteady solver scalar polymeric Membrane robustness governing carefully details discretization

Evaluation of soil loss severity and ecological restoration approach for sustainable agriculture in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1509-1521页

作者： arshad ASHRAF Imran AHMAD Climate Energy and Water Research InstituteNational Agricultural Research Centre(NARC)Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Soil erosion has resulted in removal of the topsoils containing fine soil particles and plant nutrients, causing decrease in soil fertility in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya(HKH) region. The existing production of cereal crop grains has been reduced to one third of the potential crop grains production owing to land degradation and poor farming practices. It is necessary to assess risk of soil loss and identify appropriate controlling measures to address issues of low agriculture productivity and water insecurity in the region. In the present study, severity of soil loss was predicted using Revised Universal Loss Equation(RUSLE) and ecological measures were identified for sustainable mountain agriculture in the HKH region of Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan. Overall 62.6% area was found to have very low risk of soil loss, i.e., 100 t/(ha·yr) in about 6.8% and 7.4% areas respectively. The mean rate of soil loss was about 41.9 t/(ha·yr) in the Hindu Kush, 31.1 t/(ha·yr) in the Himalayas, 18.8 t/(ha·yr) in the Karakoram and overall 29.7 t/(ha·yr) in the three HKH ranges. As such no considerable measures have been adopted by the communities for restoration of the degraded areas except raising fruit/farm trees and supporting limited social forestry for their livelihoods. The slopes cleared for cultivation and susceptible to erosion may be stabilized through sowing/planting of multi-purpose plant species and formation of proper bench terraces. The conservation of forest ecosystem and pastures at higher elevations would help in reducing overland water flow, risk of flash flood hazard and minimizing sediment loads in the downstream. It is essential to adopt site-specific resource conservation techniques and restore possible ecosystem health for sustainable agriculture and economic developm

关键词： Climate change Erodibility Indus basin Land degradation Slope stabilization

Evaluation of glacial resource potential for sustaining kuhl irrigation system under changing climate in the Himalayan region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第5期16卷 1150-1159页

作者： arshad ASHRAF Adeela BATOOL Climate Energy and Water Research Institute National Agricultural Research Center (NARC)

A large numbers of mountain communities in the Himalayan region depend on glacier-fed kuhl system – gravity flow irrigation, for their sustenance. The depletion and retreat of glaciers often result in disruption of melt flows to kuhl system, which ultimately impacts the agriculture as well as livelihood of the local communities. Sustainability of glacial resource was assessed for establishing kuhl irrigation system based on indices of glacier decrease by number(GDN) and glacier depletion by volume(GDV) during the 2001-2013 period. The selected factors are important in terms of understanding point source and reserve potential of glaciers for sustaining glacier-fed kuhl irrigation in this region. The sustainability of glaciers was found good(i.e. a least decrease or rather increase in glacier number and volume) in about 23.6% glaciers(ice reserves about 705.9 km^3) under >10 km^2 area class of glaciers mainly in Gilgit and Shigar river basins of the Karakoram range. In the 5–10 km^2 class of glaciers, sustainability was good in 49 glaciers(ice reserve 26.59 km^3) and under 1–5 km^2 class, in 558 glaciers(ice reserve 60.189 km^3). Overall sustainability of glaciers appears to prevail in the Karakoram basins. The lesser sustainability of glaciers in the Himalaya basins like Astore and Jhelum would apparently be compensated by monsoon and change in rainfall pattern. A regular monitoring of the glacier resource and utilizing advance water conservation techniques would help in coping with negative impacts of downwasting of glaciers and provide long-term support to kuhl irrigation system in the Himalayan region in future.

关键词： Kuhl irrigation Glacial resource Karakoram Himalaya Hindu Kush

Novel traveling wave solutions and stability analysis of perturbed Kaup-Newell Schrodinger dynamical model and its applications

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第2期30卷 154-163页

作者： Xiaoyong Qian Dianchen Lu Muhammad arshad Khurrem Shehzad Faculty of Science Jiangsu UriversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Agriculture FaisalabadPakistan

We study the traveling wave and other solutions of the perturbed Kaup-Newell Schrodinger dynamical equation that signifies long waves parallel to the magnetic *** wave solutions such as bright-dark(solitons),solitary waves,periodic and other wave solutions of the perturbed Kaup-Newell Schrodinger equation in mathematical physics are achieved by utilizing two mathematical techniques,namely,the extended F-expansion technique and the proposed exp(-φ(ξ))-expansion *** dynamical model describes propagation of pluses in optical fibers and can be observed as a special case of the generalized higher order nonlinear Schrodinger *** engineering and applied physics,these wave results have key ***,the structures of some solutions are presented by giving specific values to *** using modulation instability analysis,the stability of the model is tested,which shows that the model is stable and the solutions are *** techniques can be fruitfully employed to further sculpt models that arise in mathematical physics.

关键词： extended F-expansion method generalized exp(-φ(ξ))-expansion technique perturbed Kaup-Newell Schr?dinger equation traveling wave solutions