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Hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Ziziphus oenoplia(L.)Mill roots against antitubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity in experimental models

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第4期5卷 283-288页

作者： Ch V Rao AKS Rawat Anil P singh arpita singh Neeraj Verma Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division National Botanical Research Institute(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)Rana Pratap MargP.O.Box No.436Lucknow 226001Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology Goel Institute of Pharmacy & SciencesFaizabad Road(Near Indira Canal) Lucknow 227105Uttar PradeshIndia

Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic(50%) extract of Ziziphus oenoplia(L.) Mill(***) root against isoniazid(INH) and rifampicin(RIF) induced liver damage in animal ***:Five groups of six rats each were selected for the *** extract at a dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg as well as silymarin(100 mg/kg) were administered orally once daily for 21 d in INH + RIF treated *** serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT),glutamate pyruvate transaminase(SGPT),alkaline phosphatase (SALP),and bilirubin were estimated along with activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase, glutathione S-transferase,glutathione peroxidase,and hepatic melondialdehyde formation. Histopathological analysis was carried out to assess injury to the ***:The considerably elevated serum enzymatic activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase,glutamate pyruvate transaminase,alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin due to INH + RIF treatment were restored towards norma) in a dose dependent manner after the treatment with ethanolic extract of *** ***,the decreased activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase were also restored towards normal dose *** addition,ethanolic extract also significantly prevented the elevation of hepatic melondialdehyde formation in the liver of INH + RIF intoxicated rats in a dose dependent manner. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver ***:The results of this study slrongly indicate that ethanolic extract of *** has a potent hepatoprotective action against INH + RIF induced hepatic damage in rats.

关键词： Ziziphus oenoplia(Rhamnaceae) Rifampicin Isoniazid Hepatotoxicity

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis is associated with cancer overall survival

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第39期28卷 5750-5763页

作者： Alexa R Weingarden John Gubatan Sundeep singh Tatiana Clorice Balabanis Akshar Patel arpita Sharma Aida Habtezion Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States

BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis(IMC)is a common adverse event following immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy for *** has been associated with improved overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS),but data are limited to a single site and predominantly for melanoma *** To determine the association of IMC with OS and PFS and identify clinical predictors of *** We performed a retrospective case-control study including 64 ICI users who developed IMC matched according to age,sex,ICI class,and malignancy to a cohort of ICI users without IMC,from May 2011 to May *** univariate and multivariate logistic regression,we determined association of presence of IMC on OS,PFS,and clinical predictors of ***-Meier curves were gen-erated to compare OS and PFS between ICI users with and without *** IMC was significantly associated with a higher OS(mean 24.3 mo vs 17.7 mo,P=0.05)but not PFS(mean 13.7 mo vs 11.9 mo,P=0.524).IMC was significantly associated with OS greater than 12 mo[Odds ratio(OR)2.81,95%confidence interval(CI)1.17-6.77].Vitamin D supplementation was significantly associated with increased risk of IMC(OR 2.48,95%CI 1.01-6.07).CONCLUSION IMC was significantly associated with OS greater than 12 *** contrast to prior work,we found that vitamin D use may be a risk factor for IMC.

关键词： Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis Immune-related adverse events

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Light signaling and UV-B-mediated plant growth regulation^FA

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第9期62卷 1270-1292页

作者： arpita Yadav Deeksha singh Maneesh Lingwan Premachandran Yadukrishnan Shyam Kumar Masakapalli Sourav Datta Department of Biological Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)BhopalBhopalMadhya Pradesh462066India School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)MandiKamandHimachal Pradesh175005India

Light plays an important role in plants' growth and development throughout their life cycle. Plants alter their morphological features in response to light cues of varying intensity and quality. Dedicated photoreceptors help plants to perceive light signals of different wave-lengths. Activated photoreceptors stimulate the down-stream signaling cascades that lead to extensive gene expression changes responsible for physiological and developmental responses. Proteins such as ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) and CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTO-MORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) act as important factors which modulate light-regulated gene expression, especially during seedling development. These factors function as central regulatory intermediates not only in red, far-red, and blue light pathways but also in the UV-B signaling pathway. UV-B radiation makes up only a minor fraction of sunlight, yet it imparts many positive and negative effects on plant growth. Studies on UV-B perception, signaling, and response in plants has considerably surged in recent times. Plants have developed different strat-egies to use UV-B as a developmental cue as well as to withstand high doses of UV-B radiation. Plants' re-sponses to UV-B are an integration of its cross-talks with both environmental factors and phytohormones. This review outlines the current developments in light sig-naling with a major focus on UV-B-mediated plant growth regulation.

关键词： plant Plants seedling

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The bacteriophage mu lysis system–A new mechanism of host lysis?

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BIOCELL 2021年第5期45卷 1175-1186页

作者： SAIKAT SAMANTA ASHISH RANJAN SHARMA ABINIT SAHA MANOJ KUMAR singh arpita DAS MANOJIT BHATTACHARYA RUDRA PRASAD SAHA SANG-SOO LEE CHIRANJIB CHAKRABORTY Department of Biotechnology School of Life Science&BiotechnologyAdamas UniversityKolkata700126India Institute for Skeletal Aging&Orthopedic Surgery Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart HospitalChuncheon-si24252Korea Department of Zoology Fakir Mohan UniversityBalasore56020India

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and can choose any one of the two alternative pathways for infection,i.e.,lysis or *** lysis is one of the conventional biological processes required to spread infection from one bacterium to *** analysis suggests that in the paradigm bacteriophage Mu,six proteins might be involved in host cell *** has a broad host range,and Mu-like phages were found in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive *** analysis of the genomes of Mu and Mu-like phages could be useful in elucidating the lysis mechanism in this group of phages.A detailed review of the various mechanisms of phage lysis and different proteins associated with the process will help researchers understand the phage biology and their life cycle in different *** recent increase in the number of multidrug-resistant(MDR)strains of bacteria and the usual long-term nature of new drug development has encouraged scientists to look for alternative strategies like phage therapy and the discovery of new lysis *** the lysis mechanism in the Mu-like phages could be exploited to develop alternative therapeutics to kill drug-resistant pathogenic *** this review article,we have analyzed the phage Mu-mediated host lysis system,which is unknown till now,and our analysis indicates a possibility of the existence of a new lysis mechanism operating in Mu.

关键词： Bacteriophage Mu Host cell lysis Endolysin Holin Spanin

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Epithelial ovarian cancer:An overview

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World Journal of Translational Medicine 2014年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： arpita Desai Jingyao Xu Kartik Aysola Yunlong Qin Chika Okoli Ravipati Hariprasad Ugorji Chinemerem Candace Gates Avinash Reddy Omar Danner Geary Franklin Anachebe Ngozi Guilherme Cantuaria Karan singh William Grizzle Charles Landen Edward E Partridge Valerie Montgomery Rice E Shyam P Reddy Veena N Rao Department of Internal Medicine University of Buffalo Erie County Medical Center Buffalo NY 14215 United States Department of OB/GYN Cancer Biology ProgramMorehouse School of Medicine Georgia Cancer Center for ExcellenceGrady Health SystemAtlantaGA 30303United States Department of Internal Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Grady Health System Atlanta GA 30303 United States Department of Surgery Morehouse School of Medicine Grady Health System Atlanta GA 30303 United States NCI Cancer Program Northside Hospital Atlanta GA 30342 United States University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center Birmingham AL 35294 United States

Ovarian cancer is the second most common gyneco-logical cancer and the leading cause of death in the United States. In this article we review the diagnosis and current management of epithelial ovarian cancer which accounts for over 95 percent of the ovarian malignancies. We will present various theories about the potential origin of ovarian malignancies. We will discuss the genetic anomalies and syndromes that may cause ovarian cancers with emphasis on Breast cancer type 1/2 mutations. The pathology and pathogenesis of ovarian carcinoma will also be presented. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive overview of treatment strategies and staging of ovarian cancer, conclusions and future directions.

关键词： Epithelial ovarian cancer Breast cancer type 1 Chemotherapy

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