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Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： arpit Kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TSPO knockout models,which suggest that TSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

Deep Learning-Based Mask Identification System Using ResNet Transfer Learning Architecture

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 341-362页

作者： arpit Jain Nageswara Rao Moparthi A.Swathi Yogesh Kumar Sharma Nitin Mittal Ahmed Alhussen Zamil S.Alzamil MohdAnul Haq Department of Computer Science and Engineering KoneruLakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaram522302India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sreyas Institute of Engineering and TechnologyHyderabad500068India University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Recently,the coronavirus disease 2019 has shown excellent attention in the global community regarding health and the *** Health Organization(WHO)and many others advised controlling Corona Virus Disease in *** limited treatment resources,medical resources,and unawareness of immunity is an essential horizon to *** all resources,wearing a mask is the primary non-pharmaceutical intervention to stop the spreading of the virus caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** countries made masks mandatory to prevent *** such enforcement,automatic and effective face detection systems are *** study presents a face mask identification approach for static photos and real-time movies that distinguishes between images with and without *** contribute to society,we worked on mask detection of an individual to adhere to the rule and provide awareness to the public or *** paper aims to get detection accuracy using transfer learning from Residual Neural Network 50(ResNet-50)architecture and works on detection *** experiment is tested with other popular pre-trained models such as Deep Convolutional Neural Networks(AlexNet),Residual Neural Networks(ResNet),and Visual Geometry Group Networks(VGG-Net)advanced *** proposed system generates an accuracy of 98.4%when modeled using Residual Neural Network 50(ResNet-50).Also,the precision and recall values are proved as better when compared to the existing *** outstanding work also can be used in video surveillance applications.

关键词： Transfer learning depth analysis convolutional neural networks(CNN) COVID-19

Liquefaction proneness of stratified sand-silt layers based on cyclic triaxial tests

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第7期15卷 1826-1845页

作者： arpit Jain Satyendra Mittal Sanjay Kumar Shukla Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkeeUttarakhandIndia School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupPerthAustralia Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiIndia Department of Civil Engineering BIT SindriIndia

Most studies on liquefaction have addressed homogeneous soil strata using sand or sand with fine content without considering soil *** this study,cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on the stratified sand specimens embedded with the silt layers to investigate the liquefaction failures and void-redistribution at confining stress of 100 kPa under stress-controlled *** loosening of underlying sand mass and hindrance to pore-water flow caused localized bulging at the sand-silt *** is observed that at a silt thickness of 0.2H(H is the height of the specimen),nearly 187 load cycles were required to attain liquefaction,which was the highest among all the silt thicknesses with a single silt ***,0.2H is assumed as the optimum silt thickness(t_(opt)).The silt was placed at the top,middle and bottom of the specimen to understand the effect of silt layer *** to the increase in depth of the silt layer from the top position(capped soil state)to the bottom,the cycles to reach liquefaction(N_(cyc,L))increased 2.18 ***,when the number of silt layers increased from single to triple,there was an increase of about 880%in N_(cyc,L).The micro-characterization analysis of the soil specimens indicated silty materials transported in upper sections of the specimen due to the dissipated pore *** main parameters,including thickness(t),location(z),cyclic stress ratio(CSR),number of silt layers(n)and modified relative density(D_(r,m)),performed significantly in governing the lique-faction *** this,a multilinear regression model is developed based on critical parameters for prediction of N_(cyc,L).Furthermore,the developed constitutive model has been validated using the data from the present study and earlier findings.

关键词： Cyclic triaxial tests Soil stratification Soil liquefaction Regression model

Emerging trends in self-healable nanomaterials for triboelectric nanogenerators:A comprehensive review and roadmap

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第6期17卷 727-750页

作者： Prabhakar YADAV Kuldeep SAHAY Malvika SRIVASTAVA arpit VERMA Bal Chandra YADAV Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Engineering and TechnologyA P J Kalam Technical UniversityLucknow 226031India Nanomaterials and Sensors Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsBabasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow 226025India

A thorough analysis of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that make use of self-healable nanomaterials is presented in this review. These TENGs have shown promise as independent energy sources that do not require an external power source to function. TENGs are developing into a viable choice for powering numerous applications as low-power electronics technology advances. Despite having less power than conventional energy sources, TENGs do not directly compete with these. TENGs, on the other hand, provide unique opportunities for future self-powered systems and might encourage advancements in energy and sensor technologies. Examining the many approaches used to improve nanogenerators by employing materials with shape memory and self-healable characteristics is the main goal of this review. The findings of this comprehensive review provide valuable information on the advancements and possibilities of TENGs, which opens the way for further research and advancement in this field. The discussion of life cycle evaluations of TENGs provides details on how well they perform in terms of the environment and identifies potential improvement areas. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness, social acceptability, and regulatory implications of self-healing TENGs are examined, as well as their economic and societal ramifications.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) self-healable nanomaterials self-powered devices energy

DroidEnemy: Battling adversarial example attacks for Android malware detection

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第6期8卷 1040-1047页

作者： Neha Bala Aemun Ahmar Wenjia Li Fernanda Tovar arpit Battu Prachi Bambarkar Department of Computer Science New York Institute of TechnologyNew YorkNY10023USA

In recent years,we have witnessed a surge in mobile devices such as smartphones,tablets,smart watches,etc.,most of which are based on the Android operating ***,because these Android-based mobile devices are becoming increasingly popular,they are now the primary target of mobile malware,which could lead to both privacy leakage and property *** address the rapidly deteriorating security issues caused by mobile malware,various research efforts have been made to develop novel and effective detection mechanisms to identify and combat ***,in order to avoid being caught by these malware detection mechanisms,malware authors are inclined to initiate adversarial example attacks by tampering with mobile *** this paper,several types of adversarial example attacks are investigated and a feasible approach is proposed to fight against ***,we look at adversarial example attacks on the Android system and prior solutions that have been proposed to address these ***,we specifically focus on the data poisoning attack and evasion attack models,which may mutate various application features,such as API calls,permissions and the class label,to produce adversarial ***,we propose and design a malware detection approach that is resistant to adversarial *** observe and investigate how the malware detection system is influenced by the adversarial example attacks,we conduct experiments on some real Android application datasets which are composed of both malware and benign *** results clearly indicate that the performance of Android malware detection is severely degraded when facing adversarial example attacks.

关键词： Security Malware detection Adversarial example attack Data poisoning attack Evasi on attack Machine learning Android

Performance Analysis of AODV Routing forWireless Sensor Network in FPGA Hardware

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第3期40卷 1073-1084页

作者： Namit Gupta Kunwar Singh Vaisla arpit Jain Adesh Kumar Rajeev Kumar Department of Computer Science&Engineering Uttarakhand Technical UniversityDehradun248007India Department of Computer Science B T Kumaon Institute of Technology DwarahatIndia Faculty of Engineering&CS Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityMoradabadIndia Department of Electrical&Electronics Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun248007India

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is a group of interconnected sensor nodes that work wirelessly to capture the information of *** routing of the network is a challenging *** routing of WSN is classified as proactive,reactive,and *** on-demand distance vector(AODV)routing is an example of reactive routing based on the demand route formations among different nodes in the *** research article emphasizes the design and simulation of the AODV routing hardware chip using very-high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language(VHDL)programming in Xilinx integrated synthesis environment(ISE)14.7 *** performance of the chip is studied based on the field-programmable gate array(FPGA)hardware parameters such as slices,lookup table(LUTs),input/output block(IOB),flipflops,and memory for the different configurations of the network(N=10,20….100).The delay and frequency are also estimated on the Virtex-5 *** performance of the WSN with AODV routing is also analyzed based on the packet delivery ratio,throughput,delay,and control *** simulation test cases verified the 8-bit,64-bit,and 128-bit data communication within the nodes.

关键词： Wireless sensor network FPGA synthesis AODVrouting simulation and synthesis VHDL simulation

Design and Simulation of Ring Network-on-Chip for Different Configured Nodes

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 4085-4100页

作者： arpit Jain Rakesh Kumar Dwivedi Hammam Alshazly Adesh Kumar Sami Bourouis Manjit Kaur Faculty of Engineering&Computer Sciences Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityMoradabadUttar Pradesh244001India Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun248007India Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India

The network-on-chip(NoC)technology is frequently referred to as a front-end solution to a back-end *** physical substructure that transfers data on the chip and ensures the quality of service begins to collapse when the size of semiconductor transistor dimensions shrinks and growing numbers of intellectual property(IP)blocks working together are integrated into a *** system on chip(SoC)architecture of today is so complex that not utilizing the crossbar and traditional hierarchical bus *** connectivity reduces the amount of hardware required for routing and functions,allowing SoCs with NoC interconnect fabrics to operate at higher ***(Octagons)is a direct NoC that is specifically used to solve the scalability problem by expanding each node in the shape of an *** paper discusses the ring NoC design concept and its simulation in Xilinx ISE 14.7,as well as the communication of functional *** the field-programmable gate array(FPGA)synthesis,the performance of NoC is evaluated in terms of hardware and timing *** design allows 64 to 256 node communication in a single chip with‘N’bit data transfer in the ring *** performance of the NoC is evaluated with variable nodes from 2 to 256 in Digilent manufactured Virtex-5 FPGA hardware.

关键词： Ring NoC FPGA synthesis nodes communication SoC design integrated synthesis environment

Liver or kidney:Who has the oar in the gluconeogenesis boat and when?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第7期14卷 1049-1056页

作者： Biswajit Sahoo Medha Srivastava arpit Katiyar Carolyn Ecelbarger Swasti Tiwari Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014India Department of Medicine Georgetown UniversityWashingtonDC 20057United States

Gluconeogenesis is an endogenous process of glucose production from noncarbohydrate carbon *** the liver and kidneys express the key enzymes necessary for endogenous glucose production and its export into *** would be remiss to add that more recently gluconeogenesis has been described in the small intestine,especially under high-protein,lowcarbohydrate *** contribution of the liver glucose release,the net glucose flux,towards systemic glucose is already well *** liver is,in most instances,the primary bulk contributor due to the sheer size of the organ(on average,over 1 kg).The contribution of the kidney(at just over 100 g each)to endogenous glucose production is often under-appreciated,especially on a weight *** is released from the liver through the process of glycogenolysis and *** glucose release is almost exclusively due to gluconeogenesis,which occurs in only a fraction of the cells in that organ(proximal tubule cells).Thus,the efficiency of glucose production from other carbon sources may be superior in the kidney relative to the liver or at least on the *** both these tissues,gluconeogenesis regulation is under tight hormonal control and depends on the availability of *** and renal gluconeogenesis are differentially regulated under various pathological *** impact of one source vs the other changes,based on post-prandial state,acid-base balance,hormonal status,and other less understood *** organ has the oar(is more influential)in driving systemic glucose homeostasis is still inconclusive and likely changes with the daily rhythms of *** reviewed the literature on the differences in gluconeogenesis regulation between the kidneys and the liver to gain an insight into who drives the systemic glucose levels under various physiological and pathological conditions.

关键词： Gluconeogenesis in the kidney and liver Diabetes Hormonal regulation Metabolic acidosis Insulin resistance Net glucose metabolism

Image smog restoration using oblique gradient profile prior and energy minimization

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第6期15卷 147-153页

作者： Ashok KUMAR arpit JAIN College of Computing Science and Information Technogy TeerthankerMahaveer UniversityMoradabad 244001India

Removing the smog from digital images is a challenging pre-processing tool in various imaging ***,many smog removal(i.e.,desmogging)models are proposed so far to remove the effect of smog from *** desmogging models are based upon a physical model,it means it requires efficient estimation of transmission map and atmospheric veil from a single smoggy ***,many prior based restoration models are proposed in the literature to estimate the transmission map and an atmospheric ***,these models utilized computationally extensive minimization of an energy ***,the existing restoration models suffer from various issues such as distortion of texture,edges,and ***,in this paper,a convolutional neural network(CNN)is used to estimate the physical attributes of smoggy *** gradient channel prior(OGCP)is utilized to restore the smoggy ***,a dataset of smoggy and sunny images are ***,we have trained CNN to estimate the smog gradient from smoggy ***,based upon the computed smog gradient,OGCP is utilized to restore the still smoggy *** analyses reveal that the proposed CNN-OGCP based desmogging model outperforms the existing desmogging models in terms of various performance metrics.

关键词： convolutional neural networks desmogging smog oblique gradient channel prior