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The 111-Years-Old Cosmic Ray Puzzle Has Been Solved?

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第1期15卷 125-131页

作者： Shlomo Dado arnon Dar Physics Department Technion Haifa Israel

We show that recently multi-messenger astronomy has provided compelling evidence that the bulk of high energy cosmic rays (CRs) are produced by highly relativistic narrow jets of plasmoids launched in core collapse of stripped-envelope massive stars to neutron stars and stellar mass black holes. Such events produce also a visible GRB if the jet happens to point in our direction. This has been long advocated by the cannon ball (CB) model of high energy CRs and GRBs, but the evidence has been provided only recently by what were widely believed to be unrelated discoveries. They include the very recent discovery of a knee around TeV in the energy spectrum of high energy CR electrons, the peak photon energy in the “brightest of all time” GRB221009A, and the failure of IceCube to detect high energy neutrinos from GRBs, including GRB221009A. They were all predicted by the cannonball (CB) model of high energy CRs and GRBs long before they were discovered in observations, despite a negligible probability to occur by chance.

关键词： Cosmic Rays Gamma Ray Bursts Neutrino Bursts

Comparative analysis of the predictive power of different endothelial progenitor cell phenotypes on cardiovascular outcome

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World Journal of Cardiology 2010年第9期2卷 299-304页

作者： Shmuel Schwartzenberg arnon afek Gideon Charach Ardon Rubinstein Yossi Ben-Shoshan Sarina Kissil Sofia Maisel-Auslender Gad Keren Jacob George Department of Cardiology Kaplan Medical Center affiliated to the Hebrew University Rehovot 76100 Israel Department of Cardiology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv 64239 Israel

AIM: To compare the predictive power of different endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) phenotypic markers for future cardiovascular events. METHODS: Peripheral blood was collected from 76 consecutive patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in our institute. The various EPC phenotypes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were CD34+CD133+, CD34+KDR+, and CD 133+KDR+. The outcome endpoint included cardiovascular mortality, recurrent ACS, and hospitalization for decompensated heart failure during a 24-mo follow-up ***: CD34+CD133+ cells (P = 0.034), but not CD34+KDR+ (P = 0.35) or CD 133+KDR+ cells (P = 0.19), were found to predict recurrent ACS. We found no correlation between EPCs measured by any of the three phenotypic combinations of accepted CD markers and the total combination of these separate outcomes. CONCLUSION: The EPC CD34+CD133+ phenotype, but not the CD34+KDR+ or the CD 133+KDR+ phenotypes, is predictive of future adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

关键词： Stem cells Endothelial progenitor cells Acute coronary syndrome Biomarkers

Eotaxin-2 blockade ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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World Journal of Immunology 2013年第1期3卷 7-14页

作者： Karin Mausner-Fainberg arnon Karni Jacob George Michal Entin-Meer arnon afek Department of Neurology The Neuroimmunology Laboratory64239 Tel Aviv Israel Sackler’s Medical School Tel Aviv University 64239 Tel Aviv Israel Department of Cardiology Kaplan Medical CenterRehovot 64239 Tel Aviv Israel Department of Cardiology TASMC 64239 Tel Aviv Israel Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer 52621 Ramat Gan Israel

AIM: To study the effect of blocking the eo-2 pathwayon the development and severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE). METHODS: We produced m Ab directed against eo-2,named D8. MOG35-55 induced-EAE mice were dailyintravenously injected with either 25 μg or 100 μg D8,or with vehicle control alone [phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)], starting from day 0 post immunization and weremonitored for EAE clinical score(n = 10 in each group).Mice were sacrificed on day 58 and their sera were assessed for the presence of anti-myelin oligodendrocyteglycoprotein(anti-MOG) antibodies autoantibodies, aswell as for the profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines andchemokines. Histological analysis of brain sections wasperformed by hematoxylin and eosin ***: Daily treatment of EAE induced mice with D8 significantly decreased the severity of EAE symptoms. Treatment with both concentrations of D8 ameliorated EAE symptoms compared to PBS treated mice, starting from day 42 post immunization(0.89 ± 0.35 in D8 25 μg and D8 100 μg treated groups vs 2.11 ± 0.38 in the PBS treated group, P = 0.03). A significant improvement in EAE clinical score compared to total Ig G treated mice was observed with the higher concentration of D8(0.81 ± 0.38 in D8 100 μg treated group vs 2.11 ± 0.31 in Ig G1 treated group, on day 56 post immunization, P = 0.04). D8 treated mice with EAE did not significantly exhibit lower sera levels of anti-MOG autoantibodies compared to Ig G-treated mice. However, they expressed lower sera levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines: tumor necrosis factor(7.8 ± 0.2 pg/m L in D8 100 μg treated mice vs 19.9 ± 3.4 pg/m L in Ig G treated mice, P = 0.005) and interferon-gamma(1.4 ± 0.6 pg/m L in D8 100 μg treated mice vs 3.6 ± 0.4 pg/m L in Ig G treated mice, P = 0.02), as well as reduced levels of the chemokine macrophage chemoattractant protein-1(27.2 ± 3.1 pg/m L in D8 100 μg treated mice vs 63.7 ± 12.3 pg/m L in Ig G treated mice, P = 0.03). These findings

关键词：免疫医学英文文摘

单倍型移植治疗重型再障:一项评估长期疗效及生活质量的研究

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Science Bulletin 2022年第17期67卷 1743-1744页

作者： arnon Nagler The Division of Hematology Bone Marrow Transplantation and the Hematooncology CenterChaim Sheba Medical CenterTel-Hashomer 52621Israel Tel-Aviv University and Sackler School of Medicine Tel-Aviv 52621Israel

Severe aplastic anemia(SAA)is a lethal disease that has been shown to be cured by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)dating back to the transplant’s early days[1].It is also the prototype of transplantation in its original means,as in HSCT for SAA the malfunctioning organ—the hematopoietic system in the bone marrow is replaced by a functional organ similarly to any other organ transplantation process.

关键词：重型再障长期疗效移植治疗

Delay Times and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Comparison of Periods before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Myocardial Infarction and the Pandemic

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 392-400页

作者： Clarice Teixeira Silva Araújo arnon Salviato Mameri Thúlio Carrera Guarçoni Venturini Marcus Tadeu Aguilar Constantino Matos Igor Morais Araujo Lopes Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro de Carvalho Murad Cleberson Duartes Ovani Guilherme Vassalo Morais Fernanda Venturini de Castro Danielle Lopes Rocha Lucas Crespo de Barros Rodolfo Costa Sylvestre Luiz Fernando Machado Barbosa Roberto Ramos Barbosa Internal Medicine Universidade Federal do Esprito Santo (UFES) Vitria Brazil Hospital Santa Casa de Misericrdia de Vitria Vitria Brazil Hospital Santa Rita de Cssia Vitria Brazil Hospital Estadual Dr. Jayme Santos Neves Serra Brazil Grupo Kora Sade Vitria Brazil Hospital Estadual Infantil e Maternidade Alzir Bernardino Alves (HIMABA) Vila Velha Brazil

Introduction: At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a drop in the number of patients treated for cardiac emergencies raised concern about cardiovascular mortality in that period. An increase in care delay for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) may have affected clinical outcomes. Objectives: To analyze delay times and clinical outcomes of patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Retrospective observational study that included patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI from December 2018 to July 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic cases were divided into two groups: pandemic I—from March to August 2020;and pandemic II—from September 2020 to July 2021. Patients were compared according to the period of hospitalization. Primary outcomes were delay times in assistance and clinical outcomes (acute kidney injury [AKI], post-procedural vascular complications and in-hospital mortality). Results: 108 patients were included, 39 (36.1%) in the pre-pandemic period, 13 (12.1%) in pandemic I and 56 (51.8%) in pandemic II. Time from onset of symptoms to arrival at the service and door-to-balloon time did not differ significantly among groups. Vascular complications were more frequent during the pandemic (I and II) than in the pre-pandemic period (2.5% pre-pandemic vs 15.4% pandemic vs 12.5% pandemic II;p = 0.03). AKI incidence was similar in all three periods. There was a non-significant increase in in-hospital mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: In patients with STEMI, there was an increase in vascular complications and a trend toward increased mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Delay times to admission and reperfusion did not differ significantly between before and during the pandemic.

关键词： Myocardial Infarction Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Coronary Reperfusion Pandemic COVID-19

Future non-invasive imaging to detect vascular plaque instability and subclinical non-obstructive atherosclerosis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2013年第2期10卷 178-185页

作者： arnon Blum Menachem Nahir Department of Medicine and Cardiology Baruch Padeh Poria Hospital Lower Galilee 15208 Israel

Atherosclerosis underlies the major causes of death in the Western World. Our main goal is to detect early changes of atherosclerosis and to identify subjects at highest cardiovascular risk thatmay aid in the development of prevention approaches and better management that will decrease cardiovascular morbidity andmortality. The new methods that are of interest include the advanced vascular ultrasound methods, the infra red and near infra red imaging techniques, the EndoPat device that reflects peripheral arterial tone, the electron beam computed tomography, the magnetic resonance imaging, and the molecular imaging techniques. In this review we will focus on the future of advanced imaging techniques that are being developed to detect early (pre-clinical) development of atherosclerosis.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular imaging Endothelial function Plaque

Evolved to adapt： A computational approach to animal innovation and creativity

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Current Zoology 2015年第2期61卷 350-367页

作者： Oren KOLODNY Shimon EDELMAN arnon LOTEM Department of Zoology Faculty of Life Sciences Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv 69978 Israel Department of Psychology Comell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA. Department of Biology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

The production of novel behavioral sequences that gives rise to animal innovation and creativity is one of the most intriguing aspects of behavioral evolution. Numerous studies have recently documented the abundance and diversity of innovative and creative behaviors between and within species, yet the ability to innovate or to act creatively has mainly been described and quantified as a measure of animals’ cognitiveabilitywithout explicit reference to cognitivemechanismsthat may account for these behaviors. Here we discuss the creative process from a computational point of view and suggest such a mechanistic framework. In light of recent research on human creativity, animal learning, and animal problem solving, we suggest that animal creativity is best understood as the production of context-appropriate novel behavioral sequences, which may be facilitated by the ability to learn the regularities in the environment and to represent them hierarchically, allowing for generalization. We present a cognitive framework that we recently developed, which employs domain-general mechanisms and has been used in the modeling of a range of sequential behaviors, from animal foraging to language acquisition, and apply it to behavioral innovation. In a series of simulations, we show how innovation and creative behavior can be produced by this learning mechanism, as it constructs a network representing the statistical regularities of the environment. We use the simulations to demonstrate the role of particular cognitive parameters in this process and to highlight the effects of the learning dynamics and individual experience on creativity.

关键词：品种创新创造力计算点动物进化行为序列认知能力学习规律

Air turbulence effects on performance of optical wireless communication with crosstalk in server backplane

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Chinese Optics Letters 2017年第2期15卷 20-24页

作者： D.Elmakias D.Bykhovsky S.arnon Electro-optical Engineering Unit Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva Israel Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department Shamoon College of Engineering Beer-Sheva Israel Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva Israel

Free space optical interconnections（FSOIs） are anticipated to become a prevalent technology for short-range high-speed communication. FSOIs use lasers in board-to-board and rack-to-rack communication to achieve improved performance in next generation servers and are expected to help meet the growing demand for massive amounts of inter-card data communication. An array of transmitters and receivers arranged to create an optical bus for inter-card and card-to-backplane communication could be the solution. However, both chip heating and cooling fans produce temperature gradients and hot air flow that results in air turbulence inside the server, which induces signal fading and, hence, influences the communication performance. In addition, the proximity between neighboring transmitters and receivers in the array leads to crosstalk in the received signal, which further contributes to signal degradation. In this Letter, the primary objective is to experimentally examine the off-axis crosstalk between links in the presence of turbulence inside a server chassis. The effects of geometrical and inter-chassis turbulence characteristics are investigated and first-and second-order statistics are derived.

关键词： Air turbulence effects on performance of optical wireless communication with crosstalk in server backplane

Motivation dimensions for running a marathon:A new model emerging from the Motivation of Marathon Scale(MOMS)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第3期6卷 302-310页

作者： Sima Zach Yan Xia Aviva Zeev Michal arnon Noa Choresh Gershon Tenenbaum Zinman College for Physical Education and Sport Sciences Wingate InstituteNetanya 42902Israel Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems College of EducationFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306-4453USA

Purpose:The aim of this study was to test and expand the Motivation of Marathoners Scale(MOMS) model(Masters et al.,1993).Methods:The MOMS questionnaire was distributed to 306 male and female marathon runners(age range:20–77 years) with experience in marathon running(range:1–44 runs).A confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) revealed that the original model failed to fit the ***,exploratory factor analysis(EFA) was performed to test the best factorial solution for the current data,and a subsequent CFA was performed on the revised factorial ***,a series of EFAs using maximum likelihood factor extraction method were ***:The best structure solution for model-data fit resulted in 11 factors:psychological coping—emotional-related coping,psychological coping—everyday-life management,life meaning,self-esteem,recognition,affiliation,weight concerns,general health orientation—reduced disease prevalence and longevity,general health orientation—keep fit,competition,and personal goal ***:This study provides a sound and solid framework for studying motivation for physically demanding tasks such as marathon runs,and needs to be similarly applied and tested in studies incorporating physical tasks which vary in mental demands.

关键词：行使坚持马拉松动机心理特征