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Carbon stock measurements of a degraded tropical logged-over secondary forest in Manokwari Regency,West Papua,Indonesia

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Forestry Studies in China 2012年第1期14卷 8-19页

作者： Hendri Takao YAMASHITA arno Adi KUNTORO Han SOO LEE Department of Development Technology Graduate School for International Development and CooperationHiroshima University1-5-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8529Japan Faculty of Forestry State University of PapuaManokwari 98314Indonesia Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institute of Technology BandungBandung 40132Indonesia

Several studies have been conducted in the past on carbon stock measurements in the tropical forests of Indonesia. This study is the first related research conducted in the New Guinea Island. In a degraded logged-over secondary forest in Manokwari Regency （West Papua, Indonesia）, carbon stocks were measured for seven parts, i.e., above-ground biomass （AGB）, below-ground biomass （BGB）, under-storey biomass （B）, necromass of dead leaves （N~）, necromass of dead trees （Art）, litter （L） and soil （S） using appropriate equations and laboratory analysis. Total carbon stocks were measured at 642.8 tC.h~~ in the low disturbance area, 536.9 tC＇ha-~ in the moderate disturbance area and 490.4 tC＇ha ~ in the high disturbance area. Bu, N1 and N were not significant in the carbon stock and were collectively categorized as a total biomass complex. The carbon stock of litter was nearly equal to that of the total biomass complex, while the total carbon stock in the soil was eight times larger than the total biomass complex or the carbon stock of the litter. We confirmed that the average ratio of AGB and BGB to the total biomass （TB） was about 84.7% and 15.3%, respectively. Improvements were made to the equations in the low disturbance logged-over secondary forest area, applying corrections to the amounts ofbiomass of sample trees, based on representative commercial trees of category one. TB stocks before and after correction were estimated to be 84.4 and 106.7 ***-~, indicating that these corrections added significant amounts of tree biomass （26.4%） dur- ing the sampling procedure. In conclusion, the equations for tree biomass developed in this study, will be useful for evaluating total carbon stocks, especially TB stocks in logged-over secondary forests throughout the Papua region.

关键词： West Papua equation carbon stock biomass necromass litter soil

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大跨度冰壳结构设计建造一体化关键技术研究与应用

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建筑结构学报 2020年第S2期41卷 323-329页

作者：武岳刘秀明罗鹏 PRONK arno 哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室黑龙江哈尔滨150090 哈尔滨工业大学土木工程智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室黑龙江哈尔滨150090 哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院黑龙江哈尔滨150090 埃因霍温理工大学建筑与城市规划学院荷兰埃因霍芬5600MB

冰壳结构是一种以冰、雪为主要施工材料建造的空间薄壳建筑,具有材料易获取,造型丰富美观的特点,在冰雪产业和极地开发领域具有较大的应用前景。为促进冰雪建筑结构在我国的推广和创新,提出了大跨度冰壳结构的设计建造一体化技术,主要... 详细信息

冰壳结构是一种以冰、雪为主要施工材料建造的空间薄壳建筑,具有材料易获取,造型丰富美观的特点,在冰雪产业和极地开发领域具有较大的应用前景。为促进冰雪建筑结构在我国的推广和创新,提出了大跨度冰壳结构的设计建造一体化技术,主要从结构热力耦合分析、气膜模板形态控制、喷射施工仿真及结构响应监测等4个方面进行阐述,总结了冰壳结构设计与施工关键技术环节;结合近几年开展的大跨度冰壳结构典型工程案例,介绍了设计施工关键技术在冰壳工程中的应用。相关研究成果可拓宽冰雪建筑的建造规模与结构造型,实现大跨度冰壳结构科学施工与安全评估,也可为制定冰壳结构设计建造标准提供理论与实践依据。

关键词：冰壳结构设计理论施工技术一体化工程实践

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Influence of Elevation on Carbonate Contents in Stratified Soils, Northern Great Basin and Adjacent Mountains, U.S.A

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2011年第2期1卷 61-69页

作者： arno Kleber 不详

Many soils in the western U.S.A. contain one or several carbonate-enriched zones (CEz). Their carbonate admixture is often attributed to steady eolian influx, with intermittent leaching episodes of variable intensity leading to pedogenic enrichment at various depths. This hypothesis would require carbonate contents to decrease and depths to those horizons to increase with elevation. Here I compute correlations for the upper three CEz of the surface soil and of up to two buried soils between elevation, carbonate content, depth to horizon, and particle-size distribution to test for elevation- dependent trends. Actually, carbonate-content decreases with elevation indicate such trends exist and can be determined with this approach. However, some significant relationship of elevation and depth to CEz is not supported by the data. Furthermore, influence of local carbonate on CEz in the surface soils calls for lateral translocation. Gravelly, now-buried sediments collected eolian carbonate better than finer ones, which finding implies these sediments were at the surface once and fossilized later. Altogether, the data indicate cyclical evolution: Several cycles of the formation of colluvial slope deposits with admixed carbonate-bearing loess particles were each followed by pedogenic translocation of the carbonate just to the depth of the next parent-material disconformity. Thus, disconformities are major triggers of soil-carbonate accumulation.

关键词： Soils and Elevation Paleosols Soil Carbonate Pedogenesis Parent Materials

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Drivers’ EEG Responses to Different Distraction Tasks

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Automotive Innovation 2023年第1期6卷 20-31页

作者： Guofa Li Xiaojian Wu arno Eichberger Paul Green Cristina Olaverri‑Monreal Weiquan Yan Yechen Qin Yuezhi Li College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Institute of Human Factors and Ergonomics College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Automotive Engineering Graz University of Technology8010 GrazAustria University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute and Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Chair ITS‑Sustainable Transport Logistics 4.0 Johannes Kepler University4040 LinzAustria Department of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Laboratory of Neural Engineering College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Driver distraction has been deemed a major cause of traffic ***,drivers’brain response activities to different distraction types have not been well *** purpose of this study is to investigate the response of electroencephalography(EEG)activities to different distraction *** the conducted simulation tests,three secondary tasks(i.e.,a clock task,a 2-back task,and a navigation task)are designed to induce different types of driver ***-four participants are recruited for the designed tests,and differences in drivers’brain response activities concerning distraction types are *** results show that the differences in comprehensive distraction are more significant than that in single cognitive *** test and post hoc two-tailed Nemenyi test are conducted to further identify the differences in band activities among brain *** results show that the theta energy in the frontal lobe is significantly higher than that in other brain regions in distracted driving,whereas the alpha energy in the temporal lobe significantly decreases compared to other brain *** results provide theoretical references for the development of distraction detection systems based on EEG signals.

关键词： Driving safety Driver distraction EEG Autonomous vehicle

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The role of temperature‐enhanced fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure diffusion and seismicity in enhanced geothermal systems

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2023年第4期2卷 394-405页

作者： Yinlin Ji Yuedu Chen Hannes Hofmann Yuan zhang arno zang Günter zimmermann Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFz German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Key Laboratory of In‐situ Property‐improving Mining of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanChina Institute of Applied Geosciences Technische Universität BerlinBerlinGermany Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining(CUMT) Ministry of EducationSchool of MinesChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouChina

Post shut‐in seismic events in enhanced geothermal systems(EGSs)occur predominantly at the outer rim of the co‐injection seismic *** concept of postinjection fracture and fault closure near the injection well has been proposed and validated as a mechanism for enhancing post shut‐in pressure diffusion that promotes seismic *** phenomenon is primarily attributed to the poro‐elastic closure of fractures resulting from the reduction of wellbore pressure after injection ***,the thermal effects in EGSs,mainly including heat transfer and thermal stress,may not be trivial and their role in postinjection fault closure and pressure evolution needs to be *** this study,we performed numerical simulations to analyze the relative importance of poro‐elasticity,heat transfer,and thermo‐elasticity in promoting postinjection fault closure and pressure *** numerical model wasﬁrst validated against analytical solutions in terms ofﬂuid pressure diffusion and against heatedﬂow‐through experiments in terms of thermal *** then quantiﬁed and distinguished the contribution of each individual mechanism by comparing four different shut‐in scenarios simulated under different coupled *** results highlight the importance of poro‐elastic fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure buildup and seismicity,and suggest that heat transfer can further augment the fault closure‐induced pressure increase and thus potentially intensify the postinjection seismic hazard,with minimal contribution from thermo‐elasticity.

关键词： enhanced geothermal system(EGS) fault closure hydraulic stimulation postinjection seismicity thermal effects thermo‐poro‐elasticity

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Reduction of ischemia reperfusion injury after liver resection and hepatic inflow occlusion by α-lipoic acid in humans

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第42期12卷 6812-6817页

作者： Fritz Dünschede Kirsten Erbes Achim Kircher Stefanie Westermann Joachim Seifert arno Schad Kempski Oliver Alexandra K Kiemer Junginger Theodor Department of General and Abdominal Surgery University hospital Mainz Germany Institute for Pathology University hospital Mainz Germany Institute for Neurosurgical Pathophysiology University hospital Mainz Germany Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Biology Saarland University Germany

AIM： To evaluate the protective effects of preconditioning by α-lipoic acid （LA） in patients undergoing hepatic resection under inflow occlusion of the liver. METHODS： Twenty-four patients undergoing liver resection for various reasons either received 600 mg LA or NaCI 15 min before transection performed under inflow occlusion of the liver. Blood samples and liver wedge biopsy samples were obtained after opening of the abdomen immediately after inflow occlusion of the liver, and 30 min after the end of inflow occlusion of the liver. RESULTS： Serum levels of aspartate transferase and alanine transferase were reduced at all time points in patients who received LA in comparison to those who received NaCL. This was accompanied by reduced histomorphological features of oncosis. We observed TUNEL-positive hepatocytes in the livers of the untreated patients, especially after 30 min of ischemia. LA attenuated this increase of TUNEL-positive hepatocytes. Under preconditioning with LA, ATP content was significantly enhanced after 30 min of ischemia and after 30 min of reperfusion. CONCLUSION： This is the first report on the potential for LA reducing ischemia/reperfusion injury （IRI） of the liver in humans who were undergoing liver surgery. Beside its simple and rapid application, side effects did not occur. LA might therefore represent a new strategy against hepatic IRI in humans.

关键词： Liver ischemia Pringle manoeuvre Pharmacological pre-treatment Liver preconditioning Apoptosis Adenosine triphosphate

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Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma - non-cancer factors and implications for improving outcome beyond standard tumor criteria

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Hepatoma Research 2018年第9期4卷 123-141页

作者： arno Kornberg Martina Schernhammer Department of Surgery Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University MunichMunich D-81675Germany

Liver transplantation (LT) is recognized as best treatment option in patients with early hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in underlying liver cirrhosis. Apart from tumor size and number implemented in the Milan criteria, which are current worldwide standards for patient selection, several biological tumor factors have been identified to affect cancer-specific outcome. In particular, grading and vascular tumor invasions were shown to correlate with aggressive biological tumor behavior and poor survival following LT. Identifying tumors with favorable biology is one important approach for expanding the pool of eligible liver recipients beyond the Milan burden limits. Improving the immunological state and condition for appropriate defense against circulating cancer cell attack may be another important prognostic aspect. Therefore, there is increasing interest in non-cancer factors related to the peritransplant period that may influence the oncological outcome by providing negative immunomodulatory actions. Considering and modulation of these non-HCC factors of prognosis might contribute in safely expanding the HCC LT selection criteria.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma liver transplantation tumor biology non-cancer factors outcome

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The Adaptive Solar Facade： From concept to prototypes

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2016年第2期5卷 143-156页

作者： zoltan Nasy Bratislav Svetozarevic Praseeth Jayathissa Moritz Begle Johannes Hofer Gearoid Lydon Anja Willmann arno Schlueter Architecture and Building Systems ETH ZOrich John-von-Neumann-Weg 9 8093 ZOrich Switzerland

The Adaptive Solar Facade （ASF） is a modular, highly integrated dynamic building *** energetic behavior as well as the architectural expression of the facade can be controlled with high spatio-temporal resolution through individually addressable modules. We present the general design process, the current mechanical design, and simulation results on photovoltaic power production and building energy consumption. We introduce the controller concept and show results on solar tracking as well as user interaction. Lastly, we present our current and planned prototypes.

关键词： Dynamic facade BIPV Facade engineering Photovoltaics Responsivearchitecture

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Synthesis–structure correlations of manganese–cobalt mixed metal oxide nanoparticles

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第2期25卷 276-279页

作者： Manuel Gliech arno Bergmann Camillo Spöri Peter Strasser Department of Chemistry Technical University Berlin Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology

Mixed metal oxides in the nanoscale are of great interest for many aspects of energy related research topics as water splitting, fuel cells and battery technology. The development of scalable, cost-efficient and robust synthetic routes toward well-defined solid state structures is a major objective in this *** monometallic oxides have been studied in much detail, reliable synthetic recipes targeting specific crystal structures of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles are largely missing. Yet, in order to meet the requirements for a broad range of technical implementation it is necessary to tailor the properties of mixed metal oxides to the particular purpose. Here, we present a study on the impact of the nature of the gas environment on the resulting crystal structure during a post-synthesis thermal heat treatment of manganese–cobalt oxide nanoparticles. We monitor the evolution of the crystal phase structure as the gas atmosphere is altered from pure nitrogen to synthetic air and pure oxygen. The particle size and homogeneity of the resulting nanoparticles increase with oxygen content, while the crystal structure gradually changes from rocksalt-like to pure spinel. We find the composition of the particles to be independent of the gas atmosphere. The manganese–cobalt oxide nanoparticles exhibited promising electrocatalytic activity regarding oxygen evolution in alkaline electrolyte. These findings offer new synthesis pathways for the direct preparation of versatile utilizable mixed metal oxides.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction(OER) Alkaline Gas atmosphere influence Catalysis Non-noble metal oxides

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Constant-gain nonlinear adaptive observers revisited: an application to chemostat systems

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021年第1期22卷 68-78页

作者： Jorge A.TORRES arno SONCK Sergej CELIKOVSKY Alma R.DOMINGUEz Automatic Control Department CINVESTAVMexico City 07360Mexico The Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Information Theory and AutomationPrague 18200Czech Republic Biotechnology and Bioengineering Department CINVESTAVMexico City 07360Mexico

This study deals with constant-gain adaptive observers for nonlinear systems,for which relatively few solutions are available for some particular *** introduce an asymptotic observer of constant gain for nonlinear systems that have linear *** allows the observer design to be formulated within the linear matrix inequality paradigm provided that a strictly positive real condition bet ween the inpu t disturbance and the output is *** proposed observer is t hen applied to a large class of nonlinear chemos tat dynamical systems that are widely used in the fermentation process,cell cultures,medicine,*** fact,under standard practical assumptions,the necessary change of the chemos tat state coordinates exis ts,allowing use of the const ant-gain ***,the developed theory is illustrated by estimating pollutant concentration in a Spirulina maxima wastewater treatment facility.

关键词： Nonlinear observers Adaptive observers Coordinate change Chemos tat Pollu taut observation

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