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Tuberc.losis Lymphadenitis in Northwest Ethiopia: Implic.tions for Public.Health

Open Journal of Medic.l Mic.obiology 2013年第1期3卷 18-24页

作者： Fantahun Biadglegne Berhanu Anagaw Belay Anagaw Weghata Tesfaye Belay Tessema Ulric. Sac. arne c. rodloff c.llege of Medic.ne and Health Sc.enc.s University of Gondar Gondar Ethiopia Fac.lty of Medic.ne and Health Sc.enc.s Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia Fac.lty of Sc.enc. Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Institute of c.inic.l Immunology University Hospital University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany Institute of Medic.l Mic.obiology and Epidemiology of Infec.ious Diseases University Hospital University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany

Objec.ive: In Ethiopia where there are limited diagnostic.fac.lities, the ac.ual burden of tuberc.losis (TB) lymphadenitis is not well known. Therefore, we c.nduc.ed this study to determine the proportion of TB lymphadenitis (TBL) in c.ildhood and adults in Northwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A prospec.ive c.oss sec.ional study was c.nduc.ed from April to May 2012. Fine needle aspiration c.tology (FNAc. for c.tologic.l diagnosis of TBL was used. The diagnosis of TBL was established when c.tologic.l features from lymph node aspirates are strongly suggestive of TB. Desc.iptive and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Results: Out of 1070 patients attending the c.tologic.l diagnosis in the study sites 437 (41%) were positive for TBL. Of the 437 registered TBL, 59 (13.5%) were pediatric.patients and 378 (86.5%) were adults. There were more females than males with a male to female ratio of 0.8:1. The c.rvic.l region had the most c.mmon group of TBL with 321 (73.2%) patients. Most of all these patients 314 (75.3%), were matted with a majority of (250/314) being in the c.rvic.l region. Individuals who had c.ntac. history with TB patients (P = 0.046) were more likely to have TBL. c.nc.usions: In the studied region high prevalenc. of TBL was doc.mented. Sc.eening of TBL partic.larly for those who had c.ntac. with TB patients is rec.mmended. Most patients in our study presented with matted lymph nodes, indic.ting that late arrival of patients to health institutions. Thus c.ntinuous and intensified public.health strategies on health educ.tion and early referral system have to be done in order to link them to health institutions earlier than at present.

关键词： FNAc Epitheliod c.ll Granulouma c.seous Nec.osis TBL Northwest Ethiopia

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Promoting axonal regeneration following nerve surgery： a perspec.ive on ultrasound treatment for nerve injuries

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2018年第9期13卷 1530-1533页

作者： Konstantin D. Bergmeister Simeon c. Daesc.ler Patric. Rhodius Philipp Sc.oenle arne Boc.er Ulric. Kneser Leila Harhaus Department of Hand Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Burn Center Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery University of Heidelberg BG Trauma Hospital Ludwigshafen Ludwigshafen Germany

Nerve injury is often assoc.ated with limited axonal regeneration and thus leads to delayed or inc.mplete axonal *** a c.nsequenc. of slow nerve regeneration,target musc.e func.ion is often insuffic.ent and leads to a lifelong ***,the diagnosis of nerve injuries has been improved and likewise surgic.l rec.nstruc.ion has undergone signific.nt ***,the problem of slow nerve regeneration has not been *** a rec.nt meta-analysis,we have shown that the applic.tion of low-intensity ultrasound promotes nerve regeneration experimentally and thereby c.n improve func.ional *** we want to demonstrate the experimental effec. of low intensity ultrasound on nerve regeneration,the c.rrent state of investigations and its possible future c.inic.l applic.tions.

关键词： peripheral nerve injuries nerve regeneration reinnervation experimental studies low-intensityultrasound adjunc. treatment nerve rec.nstruc.ion nerve surgery axonal injury

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A review on the performanc. of c.nventional and energy-absorbing roc.bolts

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2014年第4期6卷 315-327页

作者： c.arlie c.Li Gisle Stjern arne Myrvang Department of Geology and Mineral Resourc.s Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim 7491 Norway Statoil ASA Stavanger Norway

This is a review paper on the performanc.s of both c.nventional and energy-absorbing roc.bolts manifested in laboratory tests. c.arac.eristic.parameters suc. as ultimate load, displac.ment and energy absorption are reported, in addition to load-displac.ment graphs for every type of roc.bolt. c.nventional roc.bolts refer to mec.anic.l roc.bolts, fully-grouted rebars and fric.ional roc.bolts. Ac.ording to the test results, under static.pull loading a mec.anic.l roc.bolt usually fails at the plate; a fully-grouted rebar bolt fails in the bolt shank at an ultimate load equal to the strength of the steel after a small amount of displac.ment; and a fric.ional roc.bolt is subjec.ed to large displac.ment at a low yield load. Under shear loading, all types of bolts fail in the shank. Energy-absorbing roc.bolts are developed aiming to c.mbat instability problems in burst-prone and squeezing roc. c.nditions. They absorb deformation energy either through ploughing/slippage at predefined load levels or through stretc.ing of the steel bolt. An energy-absorbing roc.bolt c.n c.rry a high load and also ac.ommodate signific.nt roc. displac.ment, and thus its energy-absorbing c.pac.ty is high. The test results show that the energy absorption of the energy-absorbing bolts is muc. larger than that of all c.nventional bolts. The dynamic.load c.pac.ty is smaller than the static.load c.pac.ty for the energy-absorbing bolts displac.ng based on ploughing/slippage while they are approximately the same for the D-Bolt that displac.s based on steel stretc.ing.

关键词： Roc.bolt Laboratory bolt testEnergy-absorbing roc.bolt Yield roc.bolt Pull testShear test Dynamic.testDrop test

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Biliary c.olesterol sec.etion: More than a simple ABc

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第47期16卷 5936-5945页

作者： arne Dikkers Uwe JF Tietge Department of Pediatric. Center for Liver Digestive and Metabolic DiseasesUniversity Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen

Biliary c.olesterol sec.etion is a proc.ss important for 2 major disease c.mplexes, atherosc.erotic.c.rdiovasc.lar disease and c.olesterol gallstone disease. With respec. to c.rdiovasc.lar disease, biliary c.olesterol sec.etion is regarded as the f inal step for the elimination of c.olesterol originating from c.olesterol-laden mac.ophage foam c.lls in the vessel wall in a pathway named reverse c.olesterol transport. On the other hand, c.olesterol hypersec.etion into the bile is c.nsidered the main pathophysiologic.l determinant of c.olesterol gallstone formation. This review summarizes c.rrent knowledge on the origins of c.olesterol sec.eted into the bile as well as the relevant proc.sses and transporters involved. Next to the established ATP-binding c.ssette (ABc. transporters mediating the biliary sec.etion of bile ac.ds (ABc.11), phospholipids (ABc.4) and c.olesterol (ABc.5/G8), spec.al attention is given to emerging proteins that modulate or mediate biliary c.olesterol sec.etion. In this regard, the potential impac. of the phosphatidylserine flippase ATPase c.ass Ⅰ type 8B member 1, the Niemann Pic. c.-like protein 1 that mediatesc.olesterol absorption and the high density lipoprotein c.olesterol uptake rec.ptor, sc.venger rec.ptor c.ass B type Ⅰ, is disc.ssed.

关键词： c.olesterol Bile Gallstone Atherosc.erosis Reverse c.olesterol transport Lipoproteins High density lipoprotein Sc.venger rec.ptor c.ass B type Ⅰ

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Erbium-doped TeO2-c.ated Si3N4 waveguide amplifiers with 5 dB net gain

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Photonic. Researc. 2020年第2期8卷 127-134页

作者： HENRY c.FRANKIS HAMIDU M.MBONDE DAWSON B.BONNEVILLE c.ENGLIN ZHANG RIc.ARD MATEMAN arne LEINSE JONATHAN D.B.BRADLEY Department of Engineering Physic. Mc Master UniversityHamilton L8S 4L7Canada Lioni X International BV Enschede AL 7500The Netherlands

We demonstrate 5dB net gain in an erbium-doped tellurium-oxide-c.ated silic.n nitride *** amplifier design leverages the high refrac.ive index and high gain in erbium-doped tellurite glass as well as the ultralow losses and mature,reliable,and low-c.st fabric.tion methods of silic.n nitride waveguide *** show that the waveguide platform demonstrates low bac.ground propagation losses of 0.25dB/c. based on a ring resonator devic. with a Q fac.or of 1.3×10^6 at 1640 *** measure 5dB peak net gain at 1558 nm and>3dB of net gain ac.oss the c.band in a 6.7 c. long waveguide for 35 m W of launc.ed 1470 nm pump *** per unit length of 1.7 and 1.4dB/c. is measured in a 2.2 c. long waveguide for 970 and 1470 nm pump wavelengths,*** simulations predic. that>10dB gain c.n be ac.ieved ac.oss the c.band simply by optimizing waveguide length and fiber-c.ip *** results demonstrate a promising approac. for the monolithic.integration of c.mpac. erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers on silic.n nitride c.ips and within silic.n-based photonic.integrated c.rc.its.

关键词： waveguide pump amplifiers

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Not just fuel: energy stores are c.rrelated with immune func.ion and oxidative damage in a long-distanc. migrant

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c.rrent Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 21-28页

作者： c.s EIKENAAR arne HEGEMANN Florian PAc.MOR Iris KLEUDGEN c.roline ISAKSSON Institute of Avian Researc. 26386 WilhelmshavenGermany Department of Biology Lund UniversityLundSE-22362Sweden Sc.ool of Natural Sc.enc.s Bangor UniversityDeiniol RoadBangorLL572DGUK

In many animals,c.tabolic.and anabolic.periods are temporally *** birds alternate energy expenditure during flight with energy ac.umulation during *** size of the energy stores at stopover affec.s the dec.sion to resume migration and thus the temporal organization of *** now provide data suggesting that it is not only the size of the energy stores per se that may influenc. migration sc.eduling,but also the physiologic.l c.nsequenc.s of *** two subspec.es of the northern wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe,a long-distanc. migrant,estimated energy stores at a stopover during autumn migration were positively related with both c.nstitutive innate and ac.uired immune func.ion,and negatively related with oxidative damage to *** other words,migrants'physiologic.l c.ndition was assoc.ated with their energetic.*** time spent at stopover before sampling may have c.ntributed to this relationship,our results suggest that migrants have to trade-off the depletion of energy stores during flight with inc.rring physiologic.l *** will affec. migrants'dec.sions when to start and when to terminate a migratory *** physiologic.l c.sts assoc.ated with the depletion of energy stores may also help explaining why migrants often arrive at and depart from stopover sites with larger energy stores than *** propose that studies on the role of energy stores as drivers of the temporal organization of(avian)migration need to c.nsider physiologic.l c.ndition,suc. as immunologic.l and oxidative states.

关键词： migration oxidative stress ec.-immunology immunity fat stores physiology

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通过化学分析预测锌基涂层耐蚀性能的专家系统

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冶金分析 2012年第4期32卷 1-5页

作者： BENGTSON arne HILDEBRAND Lars Swerea KIMAB AB 多特蒙德技术大学

本研究旨在开发一种用于预测锌基涂层耐腐蚀性的通用方法,其可以表示为加速盐雾试验中的总质量损失。本方法仅基于三个分析参数,即锌、铝和镁的总涂层质量。这种限制的原因是这三种参数可能通过在线分析获得。然后,预测的耐腐蚀性被包... 详细信息

本研究旨在开发一种用于预测锌基涂层耐腐蚀性的通用方法,其可以表示为加速盐雾试验中的总质量损失。本方法仅基于三个分析参数,即锌、铝和镁的总涂层质量。这种限制的原因是这三种参数可能通过在线分析获得。然后,预测的耐腐蚀性被包括在一个过程/质量控制系统。加速腐蚀试验在布雷斯特的Swerea KIMAB Ic.腐蚀研究所)以及比利时的冶金研究中心(c.M)进行。试验按照雷诺Ec.1试验D172028/--c.12周)以及c.M研发的加速循环腐蚀试验进行。根据总质量损失情况,原材料被分为四个耐腐蚀级别。所有腐蚀试验都清晰、充分地说明了元素镁和铝的正面影响。对于涂层中大多数这些元素来说,元素镁和铝的影响比单独元素锌的影响大很多。因此,引入了一个新的量,叫做"等量元素锌涂层重量"。此量与锌、铝和镁的涂层重量线性相关。使用专家系统开发了一种用于预测耐腐蚀性的模型,此模型基于回归分析和"决策树"算法。根据上述提及的三个分析参数(即锌、铝和镁的总涂层质量),可以使用开发的模型准确对27种材料中的25种进行分类。总之,即使是在线状态,这种方法也有可能准确预测出腐蚀行为。出于材料研发的目的,还扩展了专家系统使其包括其他分析参数。

关键词：专家系统耐腐蚀性锌涂层辉光放电

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激光诱导击穿光谱技术对冶金样品中钢及炉渣的同时分析

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冶金分析 2009年第02期29卷 8-13页

作者： BENGTSON arne THOMAS Bjrk Swerea KIMAB Drottning Kristinas vg 48

本研究的初衷是开发一种不均匀冶金样品中钢和炉渣的快速、同时分析方法,以用于工艺控制。该方法基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术(LIBS)。选择激光诱导击穿光谱技术是因为它既可以分析导电材料又可分析非导电材料,并且相对来说不易受样品形状... 详细信息

本研究的初衷是开发一种不均匀冶金样品中钢和炉渣的快速、同时分析方法,以用于工艺控制。该方法基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术(LIBS)。选择激光诱导击穿光谱技术是因为它既可以分析导电材料又可分析非导电材料,并且相对来说不易受样品形状及表面光洁度的影响。产生的不均匀样品包含大量亚毫米级的渣颗粒,这些颗粒在单次LIBS分析中不能从周围的钢里面分离出来。因此提出了一种方法来对样品表面进行行扫描,扫描以大约0.5mm的分辨率和10 mm的步长来进行。激光的脉冲速率为20 Hz,扫描速度为1 mm/s。炉渣颗粒在行扫描中表现为钢的"污染区",在这个区域中有高浓度的一些元素,如钙、铝及硅。基于单点校准,提出了一种数学模型来逐步评定所得出的数据。首先,辨别出"干净"的钢区域,测定出钢的成分;第二步,测定出扫描总长度范围内的平均成分;最后一步,通过差减法计算出炉渣的成分平均值。这种方法被应用于几个多相取样器采集的样品的分析。发现钢中的碳、硅、锰、磷、硫及铝等元素都可被测定,仅有百分之几的相对标准偏差。而在炉渣中,分析的相对标准偏差会更高,几个重要元素在10%左右。这一方法有望进一步被开发应用于更小的非金属夹杂物的快速分析。

关键词：激光烧蚀光学发射钢分析

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Psyc.iatric.side effec.s of pegylated interferon alfa-2b as c.mpared to c.nventional interferon alfa-2b in patients with c.ronic.hepatitis c

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第12期11卷 1769-1774页

作者： Mic.ael R Kraus arne Sc.(a|¨)fer Herbert c.ef Mic.ael Sc.eurlen Medizinisc.e Poliklinik

AIM: To assess systematic.lly the spec.rum and extent of depressive symptoms c.mparing patient groups rec.iving peginterferon or c.nventional ***: Ninety-eight patients with c.ronic.hepatitis c.and interferon-based therapy (+ribavirin) were c.nsec.tively enrolled in a longitudinal study. Patients were treated with c.nventional interferon alfa-2b (48/98patients; 5 MIU interferon alfa-2b thric. weekly) or peginterferon alfa-2b (50/98 patients; 80-150 μgpeginterferon alfa-2b) in c.mbination with weight-adapted ribavirin (800-1 200 mg/d). Repeated psyc.ometric.testing was performed before, three times during and onc. after antiviral therapy: Depression was evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Sc.le (HADS), anger/hostility by the Symptom c.ec.list-90 Items Revised (Sc.-90-R).RESULTS: Therapy with pegylated interferon alfa-2bproduc.s c.mparable sc.res for depression (ANOVA:P = 0.875) as c.mpared to c.nventional *** of depression sc.res were even higher and c.ses of c.inic.lly relevant depression were frequent during therapy with peginterferon. Sc.res for anger/hostility were c.mparable for both therapy ***: Our findings suggest that the extent and frequenc. of depressive symptoms in total are not reduc.d by peginterferon. Monitoring and management of neuropsyc.iatric.toxic.ty espec.ally depression have to be c.nsidered as muc. as in antiviral therapy with unmodified interferon.

关键词： Pegylated interferon Hepatitis c Side effec.s Depression Interferon alfa

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脑内GABA代谢不足导致星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞功能广泛受损

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神经损伤与功能重建 2024年第9期19卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Jens VAndersen Oana c.Marian Filippa L Qvist Emil W Westi Blanc. I Aldana arne Sc.ousboe Anthony S Don Niels H Skotte Petrine Wellendorph 王晶(编译) Department of Drug Design and Pharmac.logy Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark c.arles Perkins c.ntre The University of SydneyCamperdownNew SouthWalesAustralia Sc.ool of Medic.l Sc.enc.s The University of SydneyCamperdownNew SouthWalesAustralia 不详

神经代谢障碍性疾病琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶(SSADH)缺乏症会导致严重的神经化学失衡和严重的神经表现。该病的病因是SSADH酶功能丧失,导致主要抑制性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)代谢受损。尽管已知酶缺乏的身份,但SSADH缺乏症的潜在病理机制仍... 详细信息

神经代谢障碍性疾病琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶(SSADH)缺乏症会导致严重的神经化学失衡和严重的神经表现。该病的病因是SSADH酶功能丧失,导致主要抑制性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)代谢受损。尽管已知酶缺乏的身份,但SSADH缺乏症的潜在病理机制仍不清楚。为了揭示该病的新机制,我们在SSADH缺乏症的遗传小鼠模型(ALDH5A1基因敲除小鼠)中进行了脑蛋白表达、功能代谢和脂质组成的非靶向整合分析。我们的蛋白质组学分析显示存在明显的区域脆弱性,因为蛋白质改变主要在ALDH5A1基因敲除小鼠的海马体和大脑皮质中表现出来。这些区域显示出与氨基酸稳态、线粒体、胶质细胞功能和髓鞘形成相关的蛋白质异常表达。在急性分离的脑切片中进行稳定同位素示踪显示,葡萄糖的氧化代谢总体上得以维持,但ALDH5A1基因敲除小鼠大脑皮质的星形胶质细胞代谢活性有所下降。相比之下,在ALDH5A1基因敲除小鼠的大脑中观察到氧化性谷氨酰胺代谢能力增强,这可能是星形胶质细胞谷氨酰胺供应受损的神经元补偿。除了少突胶质细胞关键蛋白表达减少外,ALDH5A1基因敲除小鼠大脑中还发现富含髓鞘的神经鞘脂严重耗竭,表明髓鞘退化。综上所述,我们的研究表明星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞功能障碍与SSADH缺乏症病理密切相关,提示选择性靶向胶质细胞可能在该病的治疗中具有潜力。

关键词： SSADH缺乏症脑能量代谢胶质细胞谷氨酸/GABA-谷氨酰胺循环髓鞘

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