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Fine-scale habitats influence tree species assemblage in a miombo forest

Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 958-969页

作者： Jonathan Ilunga Muledi David Bauman Thomas Drouet Jason Vleminckx arnaud Jacobs jean lejoly Pierre Meerts Mylor Ngoy Shutcha Ecologie Restauration Ecologique et PaysageFacultédes Sciences AgronomiquesUniversitéde LubumbashiRoute Kasapa BP 1825The Democratic Republic of the Congo laboratoire d’Écologie Végétale et Biogéochimie(EvB) CP244Facultédes SciencesUniversitéLibre de Bruxelles50 av.F.D.RooseveltBrussels 1050Belgium Service d’Évolution Biologique etÉcologie CP160/12Facultédes SciencesUniversitéLibre de Bruxelles50 av.F.D.RooseveltBrussels 1050Belgium Herbarium de l’Universitélibre de Bruxelles(BRlU) Facultédes SciencesUniversitéLibre de BruxellesCP26550 av.F.D.RooseveltBrussels 1050Belgium

Aims Relationships between local habitat heterogeneity and tree commu-nities in miombo woodlands have been very little *** some studies have addressed this topic at broad scales and based on few environmental parameters,this study aims at(i)detecting fine-scale habitats(≤10 ha)on the basis of a detailed characterisation of soil explicitly considering past anthropogenic disturbances,and an exhaustive census of the tree community,and at(ii)searching for indicator tree species corresponding to the resulting *** The study was carried out in the miombo woodland of Mikembo Forest Reserve,Upper Katanga,The Democratic Republic of the congo.A complete census of the tree community was conducted in a 10-ha forest dynamics plot comprising 160 adjacent quadrats of 25×25 m,with a total of 4604 trees(diameter at breast height>10 cm).Thirty-six physicochemical soil parameters were *** the frequency distribution of soil charcoal content allowed identifying local signature of past human agriculture in the *** strategies were used to define habitats:(i)a combination of principal component analysis(PcA)on soil variables and Ward clustering and(ii)multivariate regression trees(MRT)to search for key soil parameters allowing the best prediction of species ***-habitat associations were tested by means of a robust statistical framework combining the IndVal index and torus *** Findings The forest contained 82 tree species and a significant proportion of wet miombo species(*** macroura).We detected a strong east-west edaphic gradient driven by soil texture;most chemical soil parameters followed this *** habitats were identified based on soil factors and floristic *** indicator species of these habitats were *** key soil fac-tors discriminating habitats were total calcium,available forms of phosphorus and clay *** though past agricultural practices were successfully detect

关键词： forest dynamics plot indicator species miombo multivariate regression trees(MRT) soil torus randomisation

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line-field confocal optical coherence tomography for three-dimensional skin imaging

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2020年第4期13卷 381-392页

作者： Jonas OGIEN Anthony DAURES Maxime CAZAlAS jean-luc PERROT arnaud DUBOIS DAMAE Medical Paris 75013.France CHU St-Etienne Service DermatologieSaint-Etienne 42055France Universite Paris-Saclay Institut d'Optique Graduate SchoolCNRSLaboratoire Charles FabryPalaiseau 91127France

This paper reports on the latest advances in line-field confocal optical cohere nee tomography(lC-OCT),a recently invented imaging technology that now allows the generation of either horizontal(x×y)section images at an adjustable depth or vertical(x×z)section images at an adjustable lateral position,as well as thre dimensional *** both two-dimensional imaging modes,images are acquired in real-time,with real-time control of the depth and lateral ***-dimensional(x×y×z)images are acquired from a stack of horizontal section *** device is in the form of a portable *** handle of the probe has a button and a scroll wheel allowing the user to control the imaging *** a supercontinuum laser as a broadband light source and a high numerical microscope objective,an isotropic spatial resolution of^1|im is *** field of view of the three-dimensional images is 1.2 mm×0.5 mm×0.5 mm(x×y×z).Images of skin tissues are presented to demonstrate the potential of the technology in dermatology.

关键词： optical coherence tomography(OCT) microscopy three-dimensional imaging dennatology

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Transient and etiology-related transcription regulation in cirrhosis prior to hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第3期15卷 300-309页

作者： Frédérique Caillot Céline Derambure Paulette Bioulac-Sage arnaud Franois Michel Scotte Odile Goria Martine Hiron Maryvonne Daveau jean-Philippe Salier Inserm Unité 905 and Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie76183 RouenFrance Service d'Anatomie Pathologique Centre Hospitalier Universitaireand Inserm U88933000 BordeauxFrance Département Pathologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire76183 RouenFrance Service de Chirurgie Générale et Digestive Centre Hospitalier Universitaire76183 RouenFrance Service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire76183 RouenFrance

AIM： To search for transcription dysregulation that could （1） differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）-free from HCC-related cirrhosis （2） differentiate HCC-free cirrhosis related to HCV from that related to alcohol intake. METHODS： Using microarray analysis, we compared transcript levels in HCC-free cirrhosis （alcoholism： 7; hepatitis C： 7）, HCC-associated cirrhosis （alcoholism： 10; hepatitis C： 10） and eight control livers. The identified transcripts were validated by qRT-PCR in an independent cohort of 45 samples （20 HCC-free cirrhosis; 15 HCC-associated cirrhosis and 10 control livers）. We also confirmed our results by ***： In HCC-free livers, we identified 70transcripts which differentiated between alcoholicrelated-cirrhosis, HCV-related cirrhosis and control livers. They mainly corresponded to down-regulation. Dysregulation of Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription-3 （STAT-3） was found along with related changes in STAT-3 targets which occurred in an etiology-dependent fashion in HCC-free cirrhosis. In contrast, in HCC, such transcription dysregulations were not observed. CONClUSION： We report that transcriptional dysregulations exist in HCC-free cirrhosis, are transiently observed prior to detectable HCC onset and may be appear like markers from cirrhosis to HCC transition.

关键词： liver Pathology Alcoholism Hepatitis Cvirus Gene expression Carcinogenesis

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae I-3856 in irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第22期28卷 2509-2522页

作者： Florian Mourey Amélie Decherf jean-François jeanne Mathieu Clément-Ziza Marie-lise Grisoni François Machuron Sophie legrain-Raspaud arnaud Bourreille Pierre Desreumaux Research and Applications Department Gnosis by LesaffreLesaffre GroupMarcq-en-Baroeul 59700France Data Science and Bioinformatics laboratory Research and Development DepartmentLesaffre InternationalLesaffre GroupMarcq-en-Baroeul 59700France Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NantesNantes 44093France Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de LilleLille 59000France

BACKGROUND Probiotics are a promising solution for managing irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Saccharomyces cerevisiae(***)I-3856 has already demonstrated beneficial effects in IBS subjects,particularly in IBS with predominant constipation(IBS-C).AIM To confirm the efficacy of *** I-3856 in the management of gastrointestinal symptoms in *** A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical study was performed in a total of 456 *** a run-in period,subjects were randomly assigned to the group receiving *** I-3856(8×109 CFU daily)or the placebo for 8 wk,and they performed daily self-evaluations of gastrointestinal *** primary objective was to assess the effect of the probiotic on abdominal *** secondary objectives were the evaluation of other gastrointestinal symptoms,bowel movement frequency and consistency,and quality of life(QOl).RESUlTS A significantly higher proportion of abdominal pain responders was reported in the Probiotic group(45.1%vs 33.9%,P=0.017).A nonsignificant difference in the area under the curve for abdominal pain over the second month of supplementation was observed in subjects receiving probiotic vs placebo[P=0.073,95%CI:-0.59(-1.23;0.05)].No statistically significant differences were reported in the evolution of bowel movement frequency and stool consistency between the *** 8 wk of supplementation,the overall QOl score was significantly higher in the Probiotic group than in the Placebo group[P=0.047,95%CI:3.86(0.52;7.20)].Furthermore,exploratory analyses showed statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements in QOl scores in abdominal pain responders vs *** The results of this clinical study confirmed the abdominal pain alleviation properties of *** I-3856 in *** pain relief was associated with improved *** identifier:NCT03150212.

关键词： Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Irritable bowel syndrome Abdominal pain Quality of life

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l-carnitine protects C2C12 cells against mitochondrial superoxide overproduction and cell death

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2017年第1期8卷 86-94页

作者： Francoise le Borgne Gaetan Ravaut arnaud Bernard jean Demarquoy Universitede Bourgogne-UFR SVTE Facultedes Science Gabriel

AIM To identify and characterize the protective effect that l-carnitine exerted against an oxidative stress in C2C12 *** Myoblastic C2C12 cells were treated with menadione, a vitamin K analog that engenders oxidative stress, and the protective effect of l-carnitine(a nutrient involved in fatty acid metabolism and the control of the oxidative process), was assessed by monitoring various parameters related to the oxidative stress, autophagy and cell death. RESUlTS Associated with its physiological function, a muscle cell metabolism is highly dependent on oxygen and may produce reactive oxygen species(ROS), especially under pathological conditions. High levels of ROS are known to induce injuries in cell structure as they interact at many levels in cell function. In C2C12 cells, a treatment with menadione induced a loss of transmembrane mitochondrial potential, an increase in mitochondrial production of ROS; it also induces autophagy and was able to provoke cell death. Pre-treatment of the cells with l-carnitine reduced ROS production, diminished autophagy and protected C2C12 cells against menadione-induced deleterious effects. CONClUSION In conclusion, l-carnitine limits the oxidative stress in these cells and prevents cell death.

关键词： Superoxide anions Mitochondria Reactive Autophagy Muscle Carnitine Oxygen species Cell death

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变形期非洲爪蛙嗅觉系统胶质原纤维酸性蛋白和波形蛋白的时空表达

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解剖学报 2005年第3期36卷 250-253页

作者：黄其林赵士福 Gaudin arnaud Gascuel jean 第三军医大学新桥医院神经外科重庆400037 第三军医大学新桥医院神经内科重庆400037 Centre Européen des Sciences du Got.UMR 5170 CNRS 15rue H.PicardetDijonFrance

目的研究非洲爪蛙(Xenopuslaevis)在变形期(48～63期)嗅觉系统中胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和波形蛋白(vimentin)的时空表达与特点。方法取发育48期(stage)到63期不同阶段幼蛙及成年蛙嗅觉系统组织,常规制成冰冻切片,选每张切片上同时包... 详细信息

目的研究非洲爪蛙(Xenopuslaevis)在变形期(48～63期)嗅觉系统中胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和波形蛋白(vimentin)的时空表达与特点。方法取发育48期(stage)到63期不同阶段幼蛙及成年蛙嗅觉系统组织,常规制成冰冻切片,选每张切片上同时包含鼻、嗅神经、嗅球的切片进行GFAP、波形蛋白等抗体的免疫荧光化学染色,用荧光显微镜观察、记录结果。结果非洲爪蛙进入变形期(48期)后,嗅神经呈GFAP IR强阳性反应,但在嗅球,仅嗅神经层为GFAP IR阳性反应,嗅小球(glomeruli)呈GFAP IR阴性反应;而波形蛋白IR阳性细胞的分布与GFAP IR阳性细胞相反,在嗅小球可见典型的波形蛋白IR阳性的放射状胶质细胞,而嗅神经却是波形蛋白阴性。结论发育过程中GFAP与波形蛋白免疫反应阳性细胞呈互补的方式分布在蛙嗅觉系统中,即GFAP IR阳性细胞主要分布在嗅觉系统的周围部分,而波形蛋白IR阳性细胞则主要分布在嗅觉系统的中央部分。

关键词：胶质原纤维酸性蛋白波形蛋白嗅觉系统免疫组织化学非洲爪蛙

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Genome-wide differences in hepatitis C-vs alcoholism-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第11期14卷 1749-1758页

作者： Céline Derambure Cédric Coulouarn Frédérique Caillot Romain Daveau Martine Hiron Michel Scotte arnaud Franois Celia Duclos Odile Goria Marie Gueudin Catherine Cavard Benoit Terris Maryvonne Daveau jean-Philippe Salier Inserm Unité519 and Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides Facultéde Médecine-PharmacieRouenFrance Inserm Unité519 and Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides Facultéde Médecine-PharmacieRouenFrance Service de Chirurgie Générale et DigestiveCentre Hospitalier UniversitaireRouenFrance Département de Pathologie Centre Hospitalier UniversitaireRouenFrance Inserm Unité519 and Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides Facultéde Médecine-PharmacieRouenFrance Service d'Hépato-gastro-enterologieCentre Hospitalier UniversitaireRouenFrance laboratoire de Virologie and UPRES EA 2646 Centre Hospitalier UniversitaireRouenFrance Inserm Unité567 CNRS UMR 8104 UniversitéParis 5Département GDPMInstitut CochinParis France

AIM:To look at a comprehensive picture of etiology- dependent gene abnormalities in hepatocellular carcinoma in Western Europe. METHODS:With a liver-oriented microarray,transcript levels were compared in nodules and cirrhosis from a training set of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (alcoholism,12;hepatitis C,10)and 5 *** or tight selection of informative transcripts with an abnormal abundance was statistically valid and the tightly selected transcripts were next quantified by qRTPCR in the nodules from our training set(12+10) and a test set(6+7). RESUlTS:A selection of 475 transcripts pointed to significant gene over-representation on chromosome 8 (alcoholism)or-2(hepatitis C)and ontology indicated a predominant inflammatory response(alcoholism)or changes in cell cycle regulation,transcription factors and interferon responsiveness(hepatitis C).A stringent selection of 23 transcripts whose differences betweenetiologies were significant in nodules but not in cirrhotic tissue indicated that the above dysregulations take place in tumor but not in the surrounding *** 23 transcripts separated our test set according to etiologies. The inflammation-associated transcripts pointed to limited alterations of free iron metabolism in alcoholic vs hepatitis C tumors. CONClUSION:Etiology-specific abnormalities(chromo- some preference;differences in transcriptomes and related functions)have been identified in hepatocellular carcinoma driven by alcoholism or hepatitis *** may open novel avenues for differential therapies in this disease.

关键词： Alcoholism Chromosome Cirrhosis Hepatitis C Transcriptomes Protein function

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Effects of change in smoking habits on bladder cancer incidence in Tunisia

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Health 2011年第10期3卷 613-619页

作者： Dhafer Mrizak Fatma B'chir Mehdi Jaidane Maurice jean arnaud Saad Saguem 不详

Bladder cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancer. Tobacco smoking exposures involving nitrosamines and aromatic amines are the main cause of bladder cancer. Although cigarette consumption has gradually decreased, an increased incidence of bladder cancer was registered among males Tunisian for the last two decades. A similar increased incidence of lung adenocarcinoma and bladder cancer was registered among Tunisian males. Epidemiological results suggest that changes in cigarette smoking may be the cause of the increased incidence of bladder cancer. The relationship between CYP1A2 enzyme activities, a key enzyme for activation of bladder carcinogens, and bladder cancer risk was investigated. Variations in CYP1 A2 activities measured in patients with bladder cancer and healthy smokers showed a signifycantly higher CYP1A2 metabolic activity in patient group. Changing in cigarette smoking habits associated to the variation in CYP1A2 activity seem to explain partly the increase incidence of bladder cancer observed in Tunisian male population.

关键词： Cigarette Filter Smoking Bladder Cancer CYP1A2 Activity

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Impact of sarcopenia on tumor response and survival outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by trans-arterial (chemo)-embolization

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第36期28卷 5324-5337页

作者： Gael Roth Yann Teyssier Maxime Benhamou Mélodie Abousalihac Stefano Caruso Christian Sengel Olivier Seror Julien Ghelfi arnaud Seigneurin Nathalie Ganne-Carrie Elia Gigante lorraine Blaise Olivier Sutter Thomas Decaens jean-Charles Nault Univ.Grenoble-Alpes Grenoble 38058France Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Digestive OncologyCHU Grenoble AlpesGrenoble 38043France Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209/CNRS UMR 5309Grenoble 38043France Department of Radiology CHU Grenoble AlpesGrenoble 38043France Department of Radiology CHU Avicenne-APHPBobigny 93000France Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors laboratory Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers-INSERM UMR 1138InsermUniversitéParisParis 75006France Unitéde Formation et de Recherche SantéMédecine et Biologie Humaine UniversitéParis NordParis 93430France Service d'Epidémiologie et Evaluation Médicale CHU Grenoble AlpesGrenoble 38043France Department of Hepatology CHU Avicenne-APHPBobigny 93000France

BACKGROUND At the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),more than 90%of HCC patients present cirrhosis,a clinical condition often associated to *** is an indirect marker of malnutrition assessable on computed tomography(CT).AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of sarcopenia in patients with HCC treated by trans-arterial(chemo)-*** Patients with HCC treated by a first session of trans-arterial(chemo)embolization and an available CT scan before treatment were *** was assessed using skeletal muscle index at baseline and at the first radiological *** response was recorded after the first session of treatment using *** Of 225 patients treated by trans-arterial bland embolization(n=71)or trans-arterial chemoembolization(n=154)for HCC between 2007 and 2013,Barcelona Clinic of liver Cancer stage was A,B,and C in 27.5%,55%,and 16.8%of cases,*** was present in 57.7%of the *** with sarcopenia presented a higher rate of progressive disease(19%vs 8%,P=0.0236),a shorter progression-free survival(8.3 vs 13.2 mo,P=0.0035),and a shorter median overall survival(19.4 mo vs 35.5 mo,P=0.0149)compared with non-sarcopenic ***,patients whose sarcopenia appeared after first transarterial treatment had the worst prognosis(P=0.0004).CONClUSION Sarcopenia is associated with tumor progression and poor survival outcomes after trans-arterial(chemo)-embolization for HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial chemoembolization Bland embolization Sarcopenia Skeletal muscle index

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Oxygenation strategies after extubation of critically ill and postoperative patients

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2021年第2期1卷 65-70页

作者： arnaud W.Thille Mathilde Wairy Sylvain le Pape jean-Pierre Frat Médecine Intensive Réanimation Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de PoitiersPoitiers 86021France AlIVE Research group INSERM CIC 1402University of PoitiersPoitiers 86021France

In intensive care units(ICUs),the decision to extubate is a critical one because mortality is particularly high in case of *** 15%of patients ready to be weaned offa ventilator experience extubation failure leading to *** use of high-flow nasal oxygen and non-invasive ventilation are two alternatives of standard oxygen supplementation that may help to prevent ***-flow nasal oxygen and non-invasive ventilation,may be used to prevent reintubation in patients with low(e.g.,patients without comorbidities and with short durations of mechanical ventilation)and high risk(e.g.,patients>65 years and those with underlying cardiac disease,chronic respiratory disorders,and/or hypercapnia at the time of extubation)of reintubation,***,non-invasive ventilation used as a rescue therapy to treat established post-extubation respiratory failure could increase mortality by delaying reintubation,and should therefore be used very carefully in this *** oxygenation strategy to be applied in postoperative patients is different from the patients who are extubated in the *** oxygen after a surgical procedure is adequate,even following major abdominal or cardio-thoracic surgery,but should probably be switched to high-flow nasal oxygen in patients with *** in patients experiencing post-extubation respiratory failure in ICUs wherein non-invasive ventilation may have deleterious effects,it may actually improve the outcomes in postoperative patients with respiratory *** review discusses the different clinical situations with the aim of choosing the most effective oxygenation strategy to prevent post-extubation respiratory failure and to avoid reintubation.

关键词： Noninvasive ventilation High-flow nasal oxygen therapy Ventilator weaning Airway extubation Mechanical ventilation Intensive care unit

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