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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2014年第3期3卷 135-138页

作者： Ryan Urbas Raxitkumar Patel arka Banerjee Department of Internal Medicine Lankenau Medical Center Wynnewood USA

A 61-year-old female with past medical history of maculopapular rash reaction to ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin being treated for diverticulitis develops the same rash with administration of piperacillin/tazobactam and aztreonam. A diffuse maculopapular rash developed after the administration of piperacillin. It resolved with discontinuation of the drug and the patient was switched to aztreonam and a very similar rash developed subsequently. In a review of the literature, there are no documented cases of a patient with an allergy to both aztreonam and piperacillin/tazobactam despite in vivo cross-reactivity. Unfortunately, there are no standardized allergy tests for aztreonam or piperacillin. This case, however, does offer the possibility that aztreonam may not always be the right alternative to persons with beta-lactam antibiotic allergies.

关键词： Piperacillin Aztreonam Cross Reactivity Allergy Amoxicillin Drug Rash Exanthem Penicillin Beta Lactam Cephalosporin IgE Maculopapular Rash

Clinical Validation of Global Coagulation Tests to Guide Blood Component Transfusions in Cirrhosis and ACLF

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第2期9卷 210-219页

作者： Madhumita Premkumar Rohit Mehtani Smita Divyaveer Kamal Kajal Anand VKulkarni Syed Ahmed Harmanpreet Kaur Harpreet Kaur Radhakrishna Dhiman Ajay Duseja arka De Departments of Hepatology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Nephrology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Anesthesia and Intensive CarePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Department of Hepatology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabadIndia Medicine Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

Background and Aims:Patients with cirrhosis and acuteon-chronic liver failure(ACLF)may have bleeding complications and need for invasive ***-of-care(POC)coagulation tests like thromboelastography(TEG)and Sonoclot may be better for guiding patient management than the standard coagulation tests(SCTs),like prothrombin time,platelet count and international normalized ***:We prospectively compared and validated the POC tests and SCTs in 70 persons with ACLF and 72 persons with decompensated cirrhosis who had clinical bleeding and checked for episodes of re-bleeding and transfusion *** assessed pre-procedure requirement of blood components when correction was done based on an SCT or POC ***:Episodes of bleeding were seen in 45%and 28%of ACLF and cirrhosis patient,respectively(p=0.036),with the major site of bleeding being gastrointestinal(31%and 16%,respectively).Platelet counts correlated with TEG-maximum amplitude in cirrhosis(p=0.045)and prothrombin time correlated positively with TEG-reaction(R)time(p=0.032),TEG-Clot kinetics(K)time(p=0.042),Son-activated clotting time(p=0.038)and negatively with clot rate(p=0.043)in ACLF,making these correctable target variables in POC transfusion *** 223 procedures,transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and platelet concentrate was reduced by 25%(p=0.035)and 20.8%(p=0.045)by using a POC strategy in 76 *** of deranged Son-activated clotting time and TEG-reaction time was noted in 68%and 72%after 24 h of fresh frozen plasma transfusion in ACLF and 85%and 80%in cirrhosis,***:Our study clinically validates that POC tests can better detect coagulation defects and transfusion thresholds in ACLF and cirrhosis,whereas use of conventional tests appear to be less suitable in patients with clinical *** Registration:NCT04332484.

关键词： Coagulation Cirrhosis ACLF Validation Sonoclot Thromboelastography

Free-space optical neural network based on thermal atomic nonlinearity

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Photonics Research 2021年第4期9卷 I0048-I0054页

作者： Albert Ryou James Whitehead Maksym Zhelyeznyakov Paul Anderson Cem Keskin Michal Bajcsy arka Majumdar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario ON N2L 3G1Canada Institute of Quantum Computing University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario ON N2L 3G1Canada Google Mountain ViewCalifornia 94043USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario ON N2L 3G1Canada Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195USA

As artificial neural networks(ANNs)continue to make strides in wide-ranging and diverse fields of technology,the search for more efficient hardware implementations beyond conventional electronics is gaining *** particular,optical implementations potentially offer extraordinary gains in terms of speed and reduced energy consumption due to the intrinsic parallelism of free-space *** the same time,a physical nonlinearity—a crucial ingredient of an ANN—is not easy to realize in free-space optics,which restricts the potential of this *** problem is further exacerbated by the need to also perform the nonlinear activation in parallel for each data point to preserve the benefit of linear free-space ***,we present a free-space optical ANN with diffraction-based linear weight summation and nonlinear activation enabled by the saturable absorption of thermal *** demonstrate,via both simulation and experiment,image classification of handwritten digits using only a single layer and observed 6% improvement in classification accuracy due to the optical nonlinearity compared to a linear *** platform preserves the massive parallelism of free-space optics even with physical nonlinearity,and thus opens the way for novel designs and wider deployment of optical ANNs.

关键词： nonlinearity optics preserve

Agriculture and Soil Management in the Context of Sustainable Development in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone of Cameroon

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第11期11卷 171-191页

作者： Sidsi Bienvenu Vounba Claudine Bahouro arka Kolaouna Bruno Labara Institut of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Agricultural Research Center (CRA) in Maroua Maroua Came-roon Chadian Institute of Agronomic Research for Development (ITRAD) N’Djamena Chad

The Sudanian-Sahelian zone of the Far-North Cameroon faces an extreme climate challenge resulting in increased vulnerability to erosion, soil degradation, and the effects of climate change, impacting soil fertility and agricultural yields. The objective of this study was to analyze agricultural practices, challenges related to climate change and soil degradation, as well as the solutions adopted by farmers to address these issues. To achieve this, 600 farmers from the six departments of the region were interviewed. The results highlight the significant impact of climatic conditions on soil health, agricultural activities, and food security. Farmers identified various indicators of soil degradation, including agricultural yields, bioindicator plants, plant growth, soil fauna, and root density. The main causes of soil degradation are associated with practices such as deforestation, intensive agriculture, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, overgrazing, and the effects of climate change. The impacts of this degradation are multiple, including soil fertility loss, reduced agricultural yields, deforestation, reduced biodiversity, income loss, water resource pollution, and food insecurity. In response to these challenges, farmers have adopted sustainable soil management practices, including crop rotation, intercropping, fallowing, the use of organic fertilizers, and the adoption of conservation agriculture. To effectively address these challenges, concerted collaboration between farmers, civil society organizations, and government authorities is imperative to develop sustainable and effective solutions against soil degradation in the region.

关键词： Agriculture Soil Degradation Climate Change Food Security Sudanian-Sahelian Zone Cameroon

Jailing polymer jacketed guide-wires during bifurcation coronary interventions is associated with procedural myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第5期9卷 442-447页

作者： arka Chatterjee Jeremy S White Taimoor Hashim Massoud A Leesar Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Internal Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham

AIM To study the relationship of jailed polymer jacketed guide wires(PGW) with procedural myocardial infarction(PMI) after bifurcation coronary *** Consecutive bifurcation interventions performed from January 2010 to October 2014 were included in the study. Chart review was performed to obtain demographic, clinical and procedural data. PMI was defined as Creatine Kinase MB > 3 × upper reference limit of normal. Multivariate logistic regression was used to ascertain relationship of PGW use with *** Two hundred and ninety-three patients(age 63.5 ± 12.3 years; 33.8% diabetic) were included in the study. Eighty point two percent(n = 235) were true bifurcation lesions use of PGW was associated with PMI on univariate analysis(OR = 4.1; P = 0.002). This association remained significant after adjusting for other possible risk factors(OR = 3.5; P = 0.02).CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PGW use for side branch protection may be associated with PMI. Randomized studies are needed to validate these findings.

关键词： Coronary bifurcation lesions Percutaneous coronary intervention Procedural myocardial infarction Jailed guidewire Polymer shearing

Water, Air Emissions, and Cost Impacts of Air-Cooled Microturbines for Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power Systems： A Case Study in the Atlanta Region

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Engineering 2016年第4期2卷 470-480页

作者： Jean-Ann James Valerie M. Thomas arka Pandit Duo Li John C. Crittenden Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta CA 30332 USA School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta CA 30332 USA H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta CA 30332 USA Crittenden and Associates Beijing 100102 China

The increasing pace of urbanization means that cities and global organizations are looking for ways to increase energy efficiency and reduce emissions. Combined cooling, heating, and power （CCHP） systems have the potential to improve the energy generation efficiency of a city or urban region by providing energy for heating, cooling, and electricity simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to estimate the water consumption for energy generation use, carbon dioxide （CO2） and NOx emissions, and economic impact of implementing CCHP systems for five generic building types within the Atlanta metropolitan region, under various operational scenarios following the building thermal （heating and cooling） demands. Operating the CCHP system to follow the hourly thermal demand reduces CO2 emissions for most building types both with and without net metering. The system can be economically beneficial for all building types depending on the price of natural gas, the implementation of net metering, and the cost structure assumed for the CCHP system. The greatest reduction in water consumption for energy production and NOx emissions occurs when there is net metering and when the system is operated to meet the maximum yearly thermal demand, although this scenario also results in an increase in greenhouse gas emissions and, in some cases, cost. CCHP systems are more economical for medium office, large office, and multifamilv residential buildings.

关键词： Combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) Air-cooled microturbines Distributed energy generation Water for energy production Net metering

Identification of Optimum Composition and Mechanical Properties of Al-Ni Metal Matrix Composite

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2015年第4期3卷 326-334页

作者： Manoj Kumar Pal Simranjeet Singh Sandhu Rohan Kalia arka Ghosh Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM University (NCR Campus) Ghaziabad India ISBR Business School Bangalore India

Composites are materials that are made up of two or more chemically dissimilar phases. In this project aluminum was chosen as matrix material because it was inexpensive, light-weight, strong, tough and corrosion resistant. For the main load bearing phase it was hard, corrosion resistant at room temperature and thermally stable. The stir casting method was used because it was cost-effective and easy, and the particulate reinforcement (nickel) was uniformly distributed throughout the matrix phase. Sand moulding was used to cast the specimens. Specimens with 10, 20, 30 and 40 percentage Nickel were tested and the optimal specimen contained 20% Nickel. The Brinell hardness of Al + 20% Ni increased by 14.80%, Rockwell hardness increased by 2.43%, ultimate tensile strength increased by 1.003% and thermal conductivity of Al + 20% Ni decreased by 24.98% with respect to Aluminum.

关键词： Metal Matrix Composite Aluminum (Al) Nickel (Ni) Fabrication Testing Composite

Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

Real time full-color imaging in a Meta-optical fiber endoscope

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eLight 2023年第1期3卷 147-154页

作者： Johannes E.Froch Luocheng Huang Quentin A.A.Tanguy Shane Colburn Alan Zhan Andrea Ravagli Eric J.Seibel Karl F.Bohringer arka Majumdar Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Tunoptix Fluke Hall4000 Mason Road 300WA 98195 SeattleUSA SCHOTT North America Inc.SouthbridgeMA 01550USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Bioengineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Institute for Nano-Engineered Systems University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Endoscopes are an important component for the development of minimally invasive *** size is one of the most critical aspects,because smaller and less rigid endoscopes enable higher agility,facilitate larger accessibility,and induce less stress on the surrounding *** all existing endoscopes,the size of the optics poses a major limitation in miniaturization of the imaging *** only is making small optics difficult,but their performance also degrades with ***-optics have recently emerged as a promising candidate to drastically miniaturize optics while achieving similar functionalities with significantly reduced ***,we report an inverse-designed meta-optic,which combined with a coherent fiber bundle enables a 33%reduction in the rigid tip length over traditional gradient-index(GRIN)*** use the meta-optic fiber endoscope(MOFIE)to demonstrate real-time video capture in full visible color,the spatial resolution of which is primarily limited by the fiber *** work shows the potential of meta-optics for integration and miniaturization of biomedical devices towards minimally invasive surgery.

关键词： Endoscopy Meta-optics Nano-fabrication Biomedical engineering

Multifunctional interface between integrated photonics and free space

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Advanced Photonics Nexus 2023年第3期2卷 114-120页

作者： Quentin A.A.Tanguy Arnab Manna Saswata Mukherjee David Sharp Elyas Bayati Yueyang Chen Karl F.Böhringer arka Majumdar University of Washington Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringSeattleWashingtonUnited States University of Washington Department of PhysicsSeattleWashingtonUnited States University of Washington Institute for Nano-engineered SystemsSeattleWashingtonUnited States

The combination of photonic integrated circuits and free-space metaoptics has the ability to untie technological knots that require advanced light manipulation due to their conjoined ability to achieve strong light-matter interaction via wave-guiding light over a long distance and shape them via large space-bandwidth *** prototyping of such a compound system requires component *** represents a functional challenge in terms of fabrication and alignment of high-performance optical ***,we report a flexible and interchangeable interface between a photonic integrated circuit and the free space using an array of low-loss metaoptics and demonstrate multifunctional beam shaping at a wavelength of 780 *** show that robust and high-fidelity operation of the designed optical functions can be achieved without prior precise characterization of the free-space input nor stringent alignment between the photonic integrated chip and the metaoptics chip.A diffraction limited spot of∼3μm for a hyperboloid metalens of numerical aperture 0.15 is achieved despite an input Gaussian elliptical deformation of up to 35%and misalignments of the components of up to 20μm.A holographic image with a peak signal-to-noise ratio of>10 dB is also reported.

关键词： integrated photonics metasurface integrated-photonic-to-free-space coupling holograms