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In-vitro vs in-vivo Inoculation: Screening for Resistance of Australian Rice Genotypes Against Blast Fungus

Rice science 2015年第3期22卷 132-137页

作者： Vineela challagulla Surya BHATTARAI David J.MIDMORE Central Queensland University School of Medical and Applied Sciences

To assist with rapid screening for rice blast resistance as a precursor in a breeding program, the susceptibility to rice blast of 13 rice genotypes from Australia was evaluated in May to June 2013 using three distinct inoculation methods（spot, filter paper and standard methods） at seedling, vegetative and reproductive stages. The results revealed that the spot and filter paper inoculation methods were successful in discerning susceptibility to the rice blast disease（P ≤ 0.05）. Disease susceptibility declined significantly from the vegetative to reproductive stages. The standard method was conducted at three different stages for pot plants grown inside the mist house. However, low temperatures did not produce disease symptoms except in a few genotypes. Among the 13 rice genotypes screened, AAT9 expressed a highly resistant response, and AAT4, AAT6, AAT10, AAT11, AAT13, AAT17 and AAT18 expressed resistance at various stages. The results will be useful for selecting elite genotypes for disease tolerance where rice blast is prevalent. In addition, the resistant genotypes can serve as a gene pool used in breeding programmes to develop new resistant genotypes.

关键词： spot inoculation filter paper inoculation standard method seedling stage vegetative stage reproductive stage rice blast disease rice genotype

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Innovative approaches to genome editing in avian species

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 278-284页

作者： Caitlin A.Cooper Timothy J.Doran arj.n challagulla Mark L.V.Tizard Kristie A.Jenkins CSIRO Health and Biosecurity Australian Animal Health Laboratory

The tools available for genome engineering have significantly improved over the last 5 years, allowing scientist to make precise edits to the genome. Along with the development of these new genome editing tools has come advancements in technologies used to deliver them. In mammals genome engineering tools are typically delivered into in vitro fertilized single cell embryos which are subsequently cultured and then implanted into a recipient *** avian species this is not possible, so other methods have been developed for genome engineering in birds. The most common involves in vitro culturing of primordial germ cells(PGCs), which are cells that migrate through the embryonic circulatory system to the developing gonad and colonize the gonad, eventually differentiating into the gonadocytes which produce either sperm or ova. While in culture the PGCs can be modified to carry novel transgenes or gene edits, the population can be screened and enriched, and then transferred into a recipient embryo. The largest drawback of PGC culture is that culture methods do not transfer well across avian species, thus there are reliable culture methods for only a few species including the chicken. Two newer technologies that appear to be more easily adapted in a wider range of avian species are direct injection and sperm transfection assisted gene editing(STAGE).The direct injection method involves injecting genome engineering tools into the circulatory system of the developing embryo just prior to the developmental time point when the PGCs are migrating to the gonads. The genome engineering tools are complexed with transfection reagents, allowing for in vivo transfection of the PGCs. STAGE utilizes sperm transfection to deliver genome engineering tools directly to the newly fertilized embryo. Preliminary evidence indicates that both methodologies have the potential to be adapted for use in birds species other than the chicken, however further work is needed in this area.

关键词： Avian CRISPR Genome engineering PGCs Sperm TALEn

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纤维板层型肝癌的影像学和病理表现

纤维板层型肝癌的影像学和病理表现

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作者： challagulla Kethanvee 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

背景：纤维板层型肝癌是一种罕见特殊类型的原发性肝细胞癌,多见于儿童和青少年,无明显性别差异。其病因不明,多与肝炎、肝硬化等慢性疾病无关。纤维板层型肝癌不是一种惰性肿瘤,但是由于它发病年龄小和无肝硬化等慢性基础疾病,因此它... 详细信息

背景：纤维板层型肝癌是一种罕见特殊类型的原发性肝细胞癌,多见于儿童和青少年,无明显性别差异。其病因不明,多与肝炎、肝硬化等慢性疾病无关。纤维板层型肝癌不是一种惰性肿瘤,但是由于它发病年龄小和无肝硬化等慢性基础疾病,因此它比肝细胞癌的预后要好。肉眼观纤维板层型肝癌的特征性表现为肝实质内巨大的实性肿块,切面中央可见星芒状纤维瘢痕。纤维板层型肝癌主要与局灶性结节性增生(FnH)、肝细胞良性肿瘤和血管瘤、转移瘤、胆管细胞癌等能够产生瘢痕的疾病相鉴别。特别是FnH,它与纤维板层型肝癌在很多方面及临床特征上均很相似。有些人认为利用影像学方法鉴别FnH与纤维板层型肝癌是可行的,它能够有效的避免误诊。本文主要研究纤维板层型肝癌在CT、MRI上的特征性表现及主要鉴别要点。材料与方法：本研究收集了自2012年3月至2015年4月来自吉林大学中日联谊医院的37例患有纤维板层型肝癌的患者,这些患者至少接受了CT、MRI一项及以上的检查项目。结果：所有37例患者中,综合应用CT、MRI,根据其特征性的影像学表面,均能有效诊断纤维板层型肝癌。结论：纤维板层型肝癌的治愈率低。CT主要用于初步诊断。MRI凭借其高软组织分辨率在其诊断中也发挥着极其重要的作用。

关键词： CT(电子计算机断层扫描) MRI(磁共振成像) FCC(纤维板层型肝癌) FnH(局灶性结节性增生)

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