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Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agro-Ecosystems and Their Contribution to Environmental Change in the Indus Basin of Pakistan

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第6期25卷 1043-1052页

作者： M. Mohsin IQBAL M. arif GOHEER Global Change Impact Studies Centre （ GCISC） National Centre for Physics （NCP） Complex Quaid-e-Azam University P.O. QA U-45320 Islamabad Pakistan

There is growing concern that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have been responsible for global warming through their effect on radiation balance and temperature. The magnitude of emissions and the relative importance of different sources vary widely, regionally and locally. The Indus Basin of Pakistan is the food basket of the country and agricultural activities are vulnerable to the effects of global warming due to accelerated emissions of GHGs. Many developments have taken place in the agricultural sector of Pakistan in recent decades in the background of the changing role of the government and the encouragement of the private sector for investment in new ventures. These interventions have considerable GHG emission potential. Unfortunately, no published information is currently available on GHG concentrations in the Indus Basin to assess their magnitude and emission trends. The present study is an attempt to estimate GHG （CO2, CH4 and N2O） emissions arising from different agro-ecosystems of Indus Basin. The GHGs were estimated mostly using the IPCC Guidelines and data from the published literature. The results showed that CH4 emissions were the highest （4.126 Tg yr^-1） followed by N20 （0.265 Tg yr^-1） and CO2 （52.6 Tg yr^-1）. The sources of CH4 are enteric fermentation, rice cultivation and cultivation of other crops. N2O is formed by microbial denitrification of NO3 produced from applied fertilizer-N on cropped soils or by mineralization of native organic matter on fallow soils. CO2 is formed by the burning of plant residue and by soil respiration due to the decomposition of soil organic matter.

关键词： greenhouse gases agriculture Indus Basin Pakistan

Increasing Distance Increasing Bits Substitution (IDIBS) Algorithm for Implementation of VTVB Steganography

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第10期117卷 1-16页

作者： Sahib Khan Arslan arif Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi Nasir Ahmad Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Politecnico di Torino10129 TorinoItaly DAUIN Politecnico di Torino10129 TorinoItaly Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Loughborough UniversityUnited Kingdom

Cryptography and steganography are two important and related fields of information ***,steganography is slightly different in the sense that it hides the existence of secret information from unauthorized *** is one of the most appealing research domains,have applications like copyright protection,data integrity protection and manipulation *** steganography techniques have been proposed in ***,in this work a new information hiding algorithm is *** proposed technique de-correlates frequency components of cover image using discrete cosine transform and uses the least significant bits of frequency components for hiding secret *** tech-nique hides variable number of bits of secret message in different frequency ***,it hides different amount of secret information in different regions of cover im-age and results in enhancement of *** algorithm has the flexibility to change the hiding capacity and quality of final stego *** has been observed from experimental results that a hiding a capacity from 3%to 43%can be achieved with significantly good quality of 41 dB to 37 dB in term of peak signal to noise *** successful recovery of the hidden information need the pattern,called stego key,in which is used in hiding *** algorithm provides twofold security;hiding keeps the existence of hidden information secret and the large key size makes the retrieval of hidden information difficult for intruders.

关键词： VTVB steganography image processing information security data hiding

Invariant of Enhanced AES Algorithm Implementations Against Power Analysis Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1861-1875页

作者： Nadia Mustaqim Ansari Rashid Hussain Sheeraz arif Syed Sajjad Hussain Department of Electronic Engineering Dawood University of Engineering&TechnologyKarachiPakistan Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Technology Hamdard UniversityKarachiPakistan Faculty of Information Technology Salim Habib UniversityKarachiPakistan Faculty of Computer Sciences SZABISTKarachiPakistan

The security of Internet of Things(IoT)is a challenging task for researchers due to plethora of IoT *** Channel Attacks(SCA)are one of the major *** prime objective of SCA is to acquire the information by observing the power consumption,electromagnetic(EM)field,timing analysis,and acoustics of the ***,the attackers perform statistical functions to recover the *** Encryption Standard(AES)algorithm has proved to be a good security solution for constrained IoT *** paper implements a simulation model which is used to modify theAES algorithm using logicalmasking *** invariant of the AES algorithm hides the array of bits during substitution byte transformation of *** model is used against SCAand particularly Power Analysis Attacks(PAAs).Simulation model is designed on MATLAB *** will give better solution by hiding power profiles of the IoT devices against *** future,the lightweight AES algorithm with false key mechanisms and power reduction techniques such as wave dynamic differential logic(WDDL)will be used to safeguard IoT devices against side channel attacks by using Arduino and field programmable gate array(FPGA).

关键词： Side channel attacks power analysis attacks network security masking advance encryption standard

Online power quality disturbance detection by support vector machine in smart meter

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第5期7卷 1328-1339页

作者： Imtiaz PARVEZ Maryamossadat AGHILI arif I.SARWAT Shahinur RAHMAN Fahmida ALAM Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International UniversityMiamiUSA School of Computing and Information Sciences Florida International UniversityMiamiUSA

Power quality assessment is an important performance measurement in smart *** companies are interested in power quality monitoring even in the low level distribution side such as smart *** this issue,in this study,we propose segregation of the power disturbance from regular values using one-class support vector machine(OCSVM).To precisely detect the power disturbances of a voltage wave,some practical wavelet filters are *** the unlimited types of waveform abnormalities,OCSVM is picked as a semisupervised machine learning algorithm which needs to be trained solely on a relatively large sample of normal *** model is able to automatically detect the existence of any types of disturbances in real time,even unknown types which are not available in the training *** the case of existence,the disturbances are further classified into different types such as sag,swell,transients and *** light weighted and fast,the proposed technique can be integrated into smart grid devices such as smart meter in order to perform a real-time disturbance *** continuous monitoring of power quality in smart meters will give helpful insight for quality power transmission and management.

关键词： Machine learning One-class support vector machine Power quality Disturbances Smart grid Smart meter

Structure of [Co(im)6]SiF6：Short Hydrogen Bonds Involving SiF62- Ions

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2017年第6期36卷 965-970页

作者： NAZIR Sadia arif Muhammad RASHID Muhammad Abid WHITWOOD Adrian Charles Department of Chemistry Govt. College Women University Faisalabad 3800 Pakistan Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahhauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK

A new complex C（18）H（24）CoF6N（12）Si has been synthesized by the reaction of cobalt（II） fluoride tetrahydrate with imidazole in a glass vessel. SiF62-was generated by in situ reaction of fluoride on silica. This complex has been characterized by different techniques such as elemental analysis, IR studies, magnetic measurements, electronic absorption measurements and single-crystal X-ray structure determination. The crystals are hexagonal in the R-3 space group, with a = 13.225（6）, b = 13.225（6）, c = 12.517（11） A, and g = 120°. In complex [Co（im）6]SiF6, the cobalt atom is six-coordinated to adopt a regular octahedral geometry and the SiF62-ion acts as the counter anion. The crystal displays a network structure and SiF62- bridging hexagram formation by N-（39）···F-Si interactions between imdazole and SiF62-. SiF62-plays an important role in assembling the supramolecular aggregates.

关键词： anion binding imidazole SiF62- hydrogen bonds transitionmetal fluoride complexes

Fast Multi-Pattern Matching Algorithm on Compressed Network Traffic

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China Communications 2016年第5期13卷 141-150页

作者： Hao Peng Jianxin Li Bo Li M.Hassan arif School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University

Pattern matching is a fundamental approach to detect malicious behaviors and information over Internet, which has been gradually used in high-speed network traffic analysis. However, there is a performance bottleneck for multi-pattern matching on online compressed network traffic(CNT), this is because malicious and intrusion codes are often embedded into compressed network traffic. In this paper, we propose an online fast and multi-pattern matching algorithm on compressed network traffic(FMMCN). FMMCN employs two types of jumping, i.e. jumping during sliding window and a string jump scanning strategy to skip unnecessary compressed bytes. Moreover, FMMCN has the ability to efficiently process multiple large volume of networks such as HTTP traffic, vehicles traffic, and other Internet-based services. The experimental results show that FMMCN can ignore more than 89.5% of bytes, and its maximum speed reaches 176.470MB/s in a midrange switches device, which is faster than the current fastest algorithm ACCH by almost 73.15 MB/s.

关键词： compressed network traffic network security multiple pattern matching skip scanning depth of boundary

Cytokinin-mediated nuclear shuttling of MYB3R4 regulates cell division

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Molecular Plant 2021年第5期14卷 720-721页

作者： M.arif Ashraf Aaron M.Rashotte Department of Biology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Biological Sciences Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

The plant hormone cytokinin,an N6-substituted adenine derivative,was first discovered by Carlos Miller and Folke Skoog nearly 70 years ago as being able to promote cell *** then,there have been great advances in our understanding of cytokinin biosynthesis,perception and signaling,and expanded roles across plant growth and development(Schaller et al.,2014).However,the molecular mechanism underlying cytokinin-mediated cell division for which this hormone was first identified is still poorly *** ***-mediated nuclear import of MYB3R4.

关键词： Figure expanded mediated

Competency Driven Resource Evaluation Method for Business Process Intelligence

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 1141-1157页

作者： Abid Sohail Dhanapal Durai Dominic Mohammad Hijji Muhammad arif Butt Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahorePakistan Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri IskandarTronoh PerakMalaysia Department of Computer Science University of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Punjab University College of Information Technology University of the PunjabLahorePakistan

Enterprises are continuously aiming at improving the execution of processes to achieve a competitive *** of the established ways of improving process performance is to assign the most appropriate resources to each task of the ***,evaluations of business process improvement approaches have established that a method that can guide decision-makers to identify the most appropriate resources for a task of process improvement in a structured way,is *** is because the relationship between resources and tasks is less understood and advancement in business process intelligence is also *** address this problem an integrated resource classification framework is presenting that identifies competence,suitability,and preference as the relationship of task with ***,only the competence relationship of human resources with a task is presented in this research as a resource competence ***,the competency calculation method is presented as a user guider layer for business process intelligencebased resource competence *** computed capabilities serve as a basic input for choosing the most appropriate resources for each task of the *** of method is illustrated through a heathcare case study.

关键词： Data sciences artificial intelligence business process management business process improvement process warehouse data warehouse resource competency resource competency modeling health care

Multistage-batch bipolar membrane electrodialysis for base production from high-salinity wastewater

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 764-773页

作者： arif Hussain Haiyang Yan Noor Ul Afsar Chenxiao Jiang Yaoming Wang Tongwen Xu Department of Applied Chemistry Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Functional Membrane Science and TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Bipolar membrane electrodialysis(BMED)is considered a state-of-the-art technology for the conversion of salts into acids and ***,the low concentration of base generated from a traditional BMED process may limit the viability of this technology for a large-scale ***,we report an especially designed multistage-batch(two/three-stage-batch)BMED process to increase the base concentration by adjusting different volume ratios in the acid(Vacid),base(Vbase),and salt compartments(Vsalt).The findings indicated that performance of the two-stage-batch with a volume ratio of Vacid:Vbase:Vsalt=1:1:5 was superior in comparison to the threestage-batch with a volume ratio of Vacid:Vbase:Vsalt=1:1:***,the base concentration could be further increased by exchanging the acid produced in the acid compartment with fresh water in the second stage-batch *** the two-stage-batch BMED,the maximum concentration of the base can be obtained up to 3.40 mol∙L^(-1),which was higher than the most reported base production by *** low energy consumption and high current efficiency further authenticate that the designed process is reliable,cost-effective,and more productive to convert saline water into valuable industrial commodities.

关键词： bipolar membrane electrodialysis multistagebatch base production high-salinity wastewater