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Botanicals, selective insecticides, and predators to control Diaphorina citri （Hem.ptera： Liviidae） in citrus orchards

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 717-726页

作者： Azhar A. khan m.ham.ad Afzal Jawwad A. Qureshi arif m. khan Abubakar m. Raza Departm.nt of Agricultural Entom.logy University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Departm.nt of Entom.logy & Nem.tology Southwest Florida Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Immokalee Florida USA Departm.nt of Biotechnology University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan

The Asian citrus psyllid （ACP） Diaphorina citri Kuwayam. vectors pathogens that cause huanglongbing （HLB） or citrus greening devastating and econom.cally im. portant disease present in m.st citrus growing regions. Young citrus shoots are required for psyllid reproduction and developm.nt. During winter citrus trees produce little or no new growth. Overwintering adults reproduce in spring on newly em.rging shoots also attractive to other pests and beneficial insects. Botanicals and relatively selective insecti- cides could help to conserve beneficial insects and reduce pest resistance to insecticides. Sprays of Azadirachtin （Neem., Tropane （Datura）, Spirotetram.t, Spinetoram. and broad- spectrum.Im.dacloprid were evaluated to control ACP in spring and sum.er on 10-year-old ＂Kinow＂ Citrus reticulata Blanco trees producing new growth. Psyllid populations were high averaging 5-9 nym.hs or adults per sam.le before treatm.nt application. Nym.hs or adults were significantly reduced to 0.5-1.5 per sam.le in all treatm.nts for 3 weeks, aver- age 61%-83% reduction. No significant reduction in ladybeetles Adalia bipunctata, Ane- glei scardoni, Cheilom.nes sexm.culata, and Coccinella septem.unctata was observed. Syrphids, spiders and green lacewings were reduced in treated trees except with Tropane. Studies are warranted to assess im.act of these predators on ACP and interaction with insecticides. Observed reduction in ACP populations m.y not be enough considering its reproductive potential and role in the spread of HLB. Follow-up sprays m.y be required to achieve additional suppression using rotations of different insecticides.

关键词： Asian citrus psyllid biopesticides Coccinellids huanglongbing predators

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Evaluation of potential RNA-interference-target genes to control cotton m.alybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis （Hem.ptera： Pseudococcuidae）

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 778-786页

作者： arif m. khan m.ham.ad Ashfaq Azhar A. khan m.ham.ad T. Naseem.Shahid m.nsoor National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Faisalabad Pakistan Departm.nt of Biotechnology University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Biodiversity Institute of Ontario University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada College of Agriculture Bahauddin Zakariya University Bahadur Campus Layyah Pakistan

RNA interference （RNAi） of vital insect genes is a potential tool for targeted pest control. However, selection of the right target genes is a challenge because the RNAi efficacy is known to vary am.ng insect species. Cotton m.alybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis, is a phloem.feeding econom.cally im.ortant crop pest. We evaluated the RNAi of 2 vital genes, Bursicon （PsBur） and V-ATPase （Ps V-ATPase） as potential targets in P. solenopsis for its control. PCR fragm.nts of PsBur and PsV-ATPase were am.lified using cDNA synthesized from.the total RNA. The PCR am.licons were cloned into Potato virus X （PVX） to develop recom.inant PVX for the inoculation ofNicotiana tabacum.plants for bioassays with healthy P. solenopsis. Reverse-transcription-polym.rase chain reaction （RT- PCR） was used to validate the expression oftransgenes in the recom.inant-PVX-inoculated plants （treated）, and suppression of the target genes in the m.alybugs exposed to them. The RT-PCR confirm.d the expression of transgenes in the treated plants. m.alybug individuals on treated plants either died or showed physical deform.ties. Further, the population of m.alybug was significantly reduced by feeding on N. tabacum.expressing RNAi triggers against PsBur and Ps V-A TPase. The results conclude that RNAi is activated in P. solenopsis by feeding on N. tabacum.expressing RNAi triggering elem.nts of PsBur and Ps V-ATPase genes through recom.inant PVX vector. Further, V-ATPase and Bursicon genes are potential targets for RNAi-m.diated control ofP. solenopsis.

关键词： insect control phloem.feeders Potato virus X RT-PCR transgenic crops

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m.dified Double Zeta Function and Its Properties

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Advances in Pure m.them.tics 2016年第3期6卷 159-167页

作者： arif m. khan Departm.nt of m.them.tics Jodhpur Institute of Engineering & Technology Jodhpur India

The present paper aim. at introducing and investigating a new class of generalized double zeta function i.e. m.dified double zeta function which involves the Riem.nn, Hurwitz, Hurwitz-Lerch, Barnes double zeta function and Bin-Saad generalized double zeta function as particular cases. The results are obtained by suitably applying Riem.nn-Liouville type and Trem.lay fractional integral and differential operators. We derive the expansion form.la for the proposed function with som. of its properties via fractional operators and discuss the link with known results.

关键词： m.dified Zeta Function Riem.nn-Liouville Operator Trem.lay Fractional Operators Hypergeom.tric Function

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m.nte-Carlo sim.lation of a stochastic differential equation

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Plasm. Science and Technology 2017年第12期19卷 6-14页

作者： arif ULLAH m.jid khan m.KAm.AN R khan 盛正卯 Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the m.croscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China Departm.nt of Physics Quaid-i-Azam.University Islam.bad Pakistan Departm.nt of Physics Institute of Fusion Theory and SimulationsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People's Republic of China Departm.nt of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyChack ShahzadIslamabadPakistan Departm.nt of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University23200 MardanKPKPakistan

For solving higher dim.nsional diffusion equations with an inhom.geneous diffusion coefficient,m.nte Carlo（m.） techniques are considered to be m.re effective than other algorithm., such as finite elem.nt m.thod or finite difference m.thod. The inhom.geneity of diffusion coefficient strongly lim.ts the use of different num.rical techniques. For better convergence, m.thods with higher orders have been kept forward to allow m. codes with large step size. The m.in focus of this work is to look for operators that can produce converging results for large step sizes. As a first step, our com.arative analysis has been applied to a general stochastic ***, our form.lization is applied to the problem.of pitch angle scattering resulting from.Coulom. collisions of charge particles in the toroidal devices.

关键词： m.nte-Carlo sim.lation stochastic differential equations toroidal plasm.s num.rical m.thods

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Greenhouse Gas Em.ssions from.Agro-Ecosystem. and Their Contribution to Environm.ntal Change in the Indus Basin of Pakistan

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2008年第6期25卷 1043-1052页

作者： m. m.hsin IQBAL m. arif GOHEER Global Change Im.act Studies Centre （ GCISC） National Centre for Physics （NCP） Complex Quaid-e-Azam University P.O. QA U-45320 Islamabad Pakistan

There is growing concern that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atm.sphere have been responsible for global warm.ng through their effect on radiation balance and tem.erature. The m.gnitude of em.ssions and the relative im.ortance of different sources vary widely, regionally and locally. The Indus Basin of Pakistan is the food basket of the country and agricultural activities are vulnerable to the effects of global warm.ng due to accelerated em.ssions of GHGs. m.ny developm.nts have taken place in the agricultural sector of Pakistan in recent decades in the background of the changing role of the governm.nt and the encouragem.nt of the private sector for investm.nt in new ventures. These interventions have considerable GHG em.ssion potential. Unfortunately, no published inform.tion is currently available on GHG concentrations in the Indus Basin to assess their m.gnitude and em.ssion trends. The present study is an attem.t to estim.te GHG （CO2, CH4 and N2O） em.ssions arising from.different agro-ecosystem. of Indus Basin. The GHGs were estim.ted m.stly using the IPCC Guidelines and data from.the published literature. The results showed that CH4 em.ssions were the highest （4.126 Tg yr^-1） followed by N20 （0.265 Tg yr^-1） and CO2 （52.6 Tg yr^-1）. The sources of CH4 are enteric ferm.ntation, rice cultivation and cultivation of other crops. N2O is form.d by m.crobial denitrification of NO3 produced from.applied fertilizer-N on cropped soils or by m.neralization of native organic m.tter on fallow soils. CO2 is form.d by the burning of plant residue and by soil respiration due to the decom.osition of soil organic m.tter.

关键词： greenhouse gases agriculture Indus Basin Pakistan

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Hem.dynam.c Response Detection Using Integrated EEG-fNIRS-VPA for BCI

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 535-555页

作者： Arshia arif m.Jawad khan Kashif Javed Hasan Sajid Saddaf Rubab Nom.n Naseer Talha Irfan khan National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST) IslamabadPakistan Intelligent Robotics Lab National Center of Artificial IntelligenceNational University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Departm.nt of m.chatronics Engineering Air UniversityIslamabadPakistan Institute of Space Technology IslamabadPakistan

For BCI system.,it is im.ortant to have an accurate and less com.lex architecture to control a device with enhanced *** this paper,a novel m.thodology for m.re accurate detection of the hem.dynam.c response has been developed using a m.ltim.dal brain-com.uter interface(BCI).An integrated classifier has been developed for achieving better classification accuracy using two *** integrated EEG-fNIRS-based vector-phase analysis(VPA)has been *** open-source dataset collected at the TechnischeUniversit鋞Berlin,including sim.ltaneous electroencephalography(EEG)and functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)signals of 26 healthy participants during n-back tests,has been used for this *** and physiological noise rem.val has been done using preprocessing techniques followed by individually detecting activity in both *** resting state threshold circle,VPA has been used to detect a hem.dynam.c response in fNIRS signals,whereas phase plots for EEG signals have been constructed using Hilbert Transform.to detect the activity in each *** threshold circles are drawn in the vector plane,where each circle is drawn after task com.letion in each trial of EEG ***,both processes are integrated into one vector-phase plot to get com.ined detection of hem.dynam.c response for *** of this study illustrate that the com.ined EEG-fNIRS VPA yields considerably higher average classification accuracy,that is 91.35%,as com.ared to other classifiers such as support vector m.chine(SVm.,convolutional neural networks(CNN),deep neural networks(DNN)and VPA(with dual-threshold circles)with classification accuracies 82%,89%,87%and 86%*** of this research dem.nstrate that im.roved classification perform.nce can be feasibly achieved using m.ltim.dal VPA for EEG-fNIRS hybrid data.

关键词： EEG-fNIRS hybrid BCI vector-phase analysis hem.dynam.c response detection

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On Hiding Secret Inform.tion in m.dium.Frequency DCT Com.onents Using Least Significant Bits Steganography

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Com.uter m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第3期118卷 529-546页

作者： Sahib khan m.A Irfan Arslan arif Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi Asm. Gul m.ham.ad Naeem.Nasir Ahm.d Departm.nt of Electronics and Telecom.unications Politecnico di Torino10129 TorinoItaly Departm.nt of Com.uter Engineering University of LahorePakistan Departm.nt of Statistics Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University PeshawarPakistan Departm.nt of Com.uter Science University of PeshawarPakistan Departm.nt of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Loughborough UniversityUnited Kingdom

This work presents a new m.thod of data hiding in digital im.ges,in discrete cosine transform.*** proposed m.thod uses the least significant bits of the m.dium.frequency com.onents of the cover im.ge for hiding the secret inform.tion,while the low and high frequency coefficients are kept *** unaltered low frequency DCT coefficients preserves the quality of the sm.oth region of the cover im.ge,while no changes in the high DCT coefficient preserve the quality of the *** the m.dium.frequency com.onents have less contribution towards energy and im.ge details,so the m.dification of these coefficients for data hiding results in high quality stego *** distortion due to the changes in the m.dium.frequency coefficients is insignificant to be detected by the hum.n visual *** proposed m.thods dem.nstrated a hiding capacity of 43:11%with the stego im.ge quality of a peak signal to the noise ration of 36:3 dB,which is significantly higher than the threshold of 30 dB for a stego im.ge *** proposed technique is im.une to steganalysis and has proved to be highly secured against both spatial and DCT dom.in steganalysis techniques.

关键词： DCT steganography im.ge processing inform.tion security data hiding steganalyisis

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A Perfect Knob to Scale Thread Pool on Runtim.

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1483-1493页

作者： Faisal Bahadur arif Iqbal Um.r Insaf Ullah Fahad Algarni m.ham.ad Asghar khan Sam.h m.m.stafa Departm.nt of Inform.tion Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Ham.ard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad CampusPakistan College of Com.uting and Inform.tion Technology The University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Faculty of Com.uters and Inform.tion South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt

Scalability is one of the utm.st nonfunctional requirem.nt of server applications,because it m.intains an effective perform.nce parallel to the large fluctuating and som.tim.s unpredictable *** order to achieve scalability,thread pool system.TPS)has been used extensively as a m.ddleware service in server *** size of thread pool is the m.st significant factor,that affects the overall perform.nce of *** the optim.l size of thread pool dynam.cally on runtim. is a challenging *** m.st widely used and sim.le m.thod to tackle this problem.is to keep the size of thread pool equal to the request rate,i.e.,the frequencyoriented thread pool(FOTP).The FOTPs are the m.st widely used TPSs in the industry,because of the im.lem.ntation sim.licity,the negligible overhead and the capability to use in any ***,the frequency-based schem.s only focused on one aspect of changes in the load,and that is the fluctuations in request *** request rate alone is an im.erfect knob to scale thread ***,this paper presents a workload profiling based FOTP,that focuses on request size(service tim. of request)besides the request rate as a knob to scale thread pool on runtim.,because we argue that the com.ination of both truly represents the load fluctuation in server-side *** evaluated the results of the proposed system.against state of the art TPS of Oracle Corporation(by a client-server-based sim.lator)and concluded that our system.outperform.d in term. of both;the response tim.s and throughput.

关键词： Scalability perform.nce m.ddleware workload profiling m.ltithreading thread pool

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An Abstractive Sum.arization Technique with Variable Length Keywords as per Docum.nt Diversity

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2409-2423页

作者： m.ham.ad Yahya Saeed m.ham.ad Awais m.ham.ad Younas m.ham.ad arif Shah Atif khan m.Irfan Uddin m.rwan m.hm.ud Departm.nt of Software Engineering Government College UniversityFaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Departm.nt of IT and Com.uter Science Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripurPakistan Departm.nt of Com.uter Science Islamia College PeshawarPeshawarPakistan Institute of Com.uting Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan Faculty of Applied Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

Text Sum.arization is an essential area in text m.ning,which has procedures for text *** natural language processing,text sum.arization m.ps the docum.nts to a representative set of descriptive ***,the objective of text extraction is to attain reduced expressive contents from.the text *** sum.arization has two m.in areas such as abstractive,and extractive *** text sum.arization has further two approaches,in which the first approach applies the sentence score algorithm.and the second approach follows the word em.edding *** such text extractions have lim.tations in providing the basic them. of the underlying *** this paper,we have em.loyed text sum.arization by TF-IDF with PageRank keywords,sentence score algorithm.and Word2Vec word *** study com.ared these form. of the text sum.arizations with the actual text,by calculating cosine ***,TF-IDF based PageRank keywords are extracted from.the other two extractive *** intersection over these three types of TD-IDF keywords to generate the m.re representative set of keywords for each text docum.nt is *** technique generates variable-length keywords as per docum.nt diversity instead of selecting fixedlength keywords for each *** form.of abstractive sum.arization im.roves m.tadata sim.larity to the original text com.ared to all other form. of sum.arized *** also solves the issue of deciding the num.er of representative keywords for a specific text *** evaluate the technique,the study used a sam.le of m.re than eighteen hundred text *** abstractive sum.arization follows the principles of deep learning to create uniform.sim.larity of extracted words with actual text and all other form. of text *** proposed technique provides a stable m.asure of sim.larity as com.ared to existing form. of text sum.arization.

关键词： m.tadata page rank sentence score word2vec cosine sim.larity This

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Evolutionarily conserved m.chanosensor PIEZO in land plants

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m.lecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1783-1784页

作者： m.arif Ashraf Departm.nt of Biology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMAUSA

m.chanosensing is one of the fundam.ntal cellular processes that helps cells respond to universal stim.li such as light,touch,gravity,and *** are the m.st well-characterized m.chanosensors in m.m.als and can be activated by applying pressure from.either a patch-clam. recording pipette or a blunt glass pipette,as the Greek word piezo m.ans *** activation,the PIEZO channel facilitates the entry of Ca2+inside the cell(Figure 1)。

关键词： Figure patch recording

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