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Detecting LLM-assisted writing in scientific communication: Are we there yet?

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JOURNAL OF DATA AND INFORMATION SCIeNCe 2024年第3期9卷 4-13页

作者： Lazebnik, Teddy Rosenfeld, ariel ariel Univ Dept Math Ariel Israel UCL Canc Inst Dept Canc Biol London England Bar Ilan Univ Dept Informat Sci Ramat Gan Israel

Large Language Models (LLMs), exemplified by ChatGPT, have significantly reshaped text generation, particularly in the realm of writing assistance. While ethical considerations underscore the importance of transparently acknowledging LLM use, especially in scientific communication, genuine acknowledgment remains infrequent. A potential avenue to encourage accurate acknowledging of LLM-assisted writing involves employing automated detectors. Our evaluation of four cutting-edge LLM-generated text detectors reveals their suboptimal performance compared to a simple ad-hoc detector designed to identify abrupt writing style changes around the time of LLM proliferation. We contend that the development of specialized detectors exclusively dedicated to LLM-assisted writing detection is necessary. Such detectors could play a crucial role in fostering more authentic recognition of LLM involvement in scientific communication, addressing the current challenges in acknowledgment practices.

关键词： LLM-assisted writing Scientific communication Writing style

DeM analysis of the influence of stirrer design on die filling with forced powder feeding

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 107-115页

作者： Chao Zheng edward Yost ariel R.Muliadi Nicolin Govender Ling Zhang Chuan-Yu Wu School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU2 7XHUnited Kingdom Small Molecule Pharmaceutics GenentechInc.One DNA WaySouth San FranciscoCA94080USA

Die filling is a critical stage during powder compaction,which can significantly affect the product quality and *** this paper,a forced feeder is introduced attempting to improve the filling performance of a lab-scale die filling *** die filling process is analysed with a graphics processing units(GPU)enhanced discrete element method(DeM).Various stirrer designs are assessed for a wide range of process settings(i.e.,stirrer speed,filling speed)to explore their influence on the die filling performance of free-flowing *** results show that die filing with the novel helical-ribbon(i.e.,type D)stirrer design exhibits the highest filling ratio,implying that it is the most robust stirrer design for the feeder configuration ***,die filling performance with the type D stirrer design is a function of the stirrer speed and the filling speed.A positive variation of filling ratio(ηf>0%)can be ensured over the whole range of filling speed by adjusting the stirrer speed(i.e.,increasing the stirrer speed).The approach used in this study can not only help understand how the stirrer design affects the die filling performance but also guide the optimization of feeder system and process settings.

关键词： Discrete element method Die filling Forced feeding Stirrer design GPU computing

elements of electromagnetic Matter

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第3期15卷 250-270页

作者： Viktor ariel Independent Researcher Modiin Israel

Originally, Maxwell attempted to express his electromagnetic theory using four-dimensional mathematics of quaternions. Maxwell’s equations were later re-written in a three-dimensional real vector form, which is how the theory is presented today. Thus, an interesting question remains whether we can derive electromagnetic equations analytically from the basic mathematical principles of quaternion algebra and calculus, resulting in general and analytic matter equations. This question seems highly intriguing. Previously, we developed a mathematical theory of time using a normed division algebra of real quaternions [1]. In this study, we extend the theory of time by presenting a new analytical derivation of electromagnetic matter equations using the calculus of real quaternions, as originally intended by Maxwell. Therefore, we propose a novel mathematical definition of the quaternion path derivative using the properties of quaternion division. We then apply the quaternion derivative to an external electromagnetic potential and assume that the first quaternion derivative represents the quaternion electromagnetic force. Next, we assume that the second derivative, or quaternion Laplacian operator, applied to an external electromagnetic potential leads to the quaternion electromagnetic current density. The new analytical expressions are similar to the original empirical Maxwell equations, except for an additional scalar electric field, which allows for a novel formulation of Ohm’s conductivity law. We demonstrate that the resulting analytical equations can be written equivalently using either electromagnetic potentials or fields. Finally, we summarize the key postulates and equations of the new electromagnetic matter theory, which were based on normed division algebra and the calculus of quaternions. The resulting theory appears to be a useful analytical enhancement of the original Maxwell equations, and therefore, seems highly comprehensive, logical, and compelling.

关键词： Maxwell’s equations Relativistic electrodynamics Quaternion Calculus

extreme drought triggers parallel shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits in upper treeline of the Mediterranean Andes

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ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 132-143页

作者： Luiz Santini Jr. Dylan Craven Daigard Ricardo Ortega Rodriguez Manolo Trindade Quintilhan Stephanie Gibson-Carpintero Cristina Aravena Torres Fidel A.Roig ariel A.Mu?oz Alejandro Venegas-Gonzalez Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra Universidad Mayor GeMA Center for Genomics Ecology and Environment Universidad Mayor Data Observatory Foundation ANID Technology Center Depart-ment of Forest Sciences ESALQ-University of Sao Paulo Department of Plant Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas Instituto de Geografía Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Argentine Institute of Nivology Glaciology and Environmental Sciences(IANIGLA CONICET ) Institute of Geography Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias Animales y Ambientales (ICA3) Universidad de O'Higgins

Background Treeline ecotones of Mediterranean ecoregions have been affected by the increasing intensity and severity of droughts. even though the effect of droughts on forest dynamics has been widely documented, knowledge is relatively scarce of how extreme climate episodes affect the hydraulic structure and, therefore, the phys-iology of woody plants. The Mediterranean Andes have experienced an uninterrupted period of drought since 2010, including an extremely dry year in 2019 with approximately 80% rainfall deficit. Here, we investigated shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits of Kageneckia angustifolia, an endemic treeline species, in response to this drought *** We evaluated the xylem plasticity of three K. angustifolia populations across their natural distribution(31–35° SL) based on anatomical(vessel structure and distribution) and physiological(intrinsic water-use efficiency) variables in the tree rings. We focused on the period 2000–2020 that corresponds to before the megadrought(2000–2007),(ii) megadrought(2008–2018) and(iii) hyperdrought(2019–2020). The variables were annualized and analyzed by linear mixed-effects *** Our results provide insights to the anatomical and physiological mechanisms underlying the resilience of treeline forests to persistent droughts in central Chile. We found that the extreme drought in 2019–2020 triggered shifts in vessel size and frequency that increased hydraulic safety. These significant shifts in vessel traits occurred in parallel with a decrease in pit aperture area and an increase in water-use efficiency, further increasing the resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme drought *** Our results revealed coordinated shifts in vessel size and frequency and water-use efficiency in response to the megadrought, thereby reducing vulnerability to hydraulic failure. The apparent resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme droughts suggests that this adaptation to drought stress may incre

关键词： Dendro-anatomy Kageneckia angustifolia Xylem vulnerability Drought Climate change

Sex-dependent resilience to extreme drought events: implications for climate change adaptation of a South American endangered tree species

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ecological Processes 2024年第2期 48-60页

作者： Sergio Piraino Martín ariel Hadad Yanina Antonia Ribas-Fernández Fidel Alejandro Roig Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental (IANIGLA CONICeT ) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Laboratorio de Dendrocronología de Zonas áridas (CIGeOBIO CONICeT ) Gabinete de Geología Ambiental (INGEO UNSJ) Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Mayor

Background Recent changes in climatic trends are resulting in an increased frequency and intensity of extreme events, with unknown effect on ecosystem dynamics in the near future. extreme drought episodes are recognized as disturbance factors capable of modifying forest dynamics and tree growth. Within this context, dioecious tree species may be impacted by climatic extremes, affecting male/female proportions and, consequently, reproductive processes and species persistence. Therefore, there is an urgent need for species-specific assessments of growth tolerance to extreme dry spells in dioecious tree species, to establish effective conservation strategies for these particular natural resources. Araucaria araucana(araucaria), an endangered dioecious Patagonian tree species, has recently undergone decay and mortality episodes in response to increasing dry climatic conditions. While sex-dependent tolerance to extreme drought episodes has been assessed in the species' humid distribution range, there is still a lack of information on the gender-based resilience of trees growing in the drier environments of the species' *** We reconstructed, through dendrochronological methods, the sex-dependent response of 105 araucaria individuals(55 female and 50 male trees) to five regional extreme dry spells employing a set of different indices. Resistance, recovery period, and average growth reduction of standardized tree-ring growth were examined, analysing the effect of biotic(sex, pre-drought stem tree growth) and abiotic(local climatic conditions before, during, and after extreme climatic episodes) factors on tree *** Sex influences only the species resistance to climatic disturbance, with male individuals showing lower tolerance to extreme drought events. Pre-drought radial growth rates and local meteorological conditions preceding, during, and following extreme dry spells strongly modulated araucaria radial growth resilience regardless of tree s

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Comparative Analysis of Statistical Thickness Models for the Determination of the external Specific Surface and the Surface of the Micropores of Materials: The Case of a Clay Concrete Stabilized Using Sugar Cane Molasses

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Geomaterials 2024年第2期14卷 13-28页

作者： Nice Mfoutou Ngouallat Narcisse Malanda Christ ariel Ceti Malanda Kris Berjovie Maniongui erman eloge Nzaba Madila Paul Louzolo-Kimbembe Mechanics Energy and Engineering Laboratory Higher National Polytechnic School Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo National Institute for Research in engineering Sciences Innovation and Technology (INRSIIT) Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Higher Institute of Architecture Building Planning and Public Works Denis SASSOU N&#8217GUESSO University Kint&#233l&#233 Republic of the Congo Hydrogen Research Institute University of Quebec in Trois Rivieres Quebec Canada Superior Normal School (eNS) Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

In this work, four empirical models of statistical thickness, namely the models of Harkins and Jura, Hasley, Carbon Black and Jaroniec, were compared in order to determine the textural properties (external surface and surface of micropores) of a clay concrete without molasses and clay concretes stabilized with 8%, 12% and 16% molasses. The results obtained show that Hasley’s model can be used to obtain the external surfaces. However, it does not allow the surface of the micropores to be obtained, and is not suitable for the case of simple clay concrete (without molasses) and for clay concretes stabilized with molasses. The Carbon Black, Jaroniec and Harkins and Jura models can be used for clay concrete and stabilized clay concrete. However, the Carbon Black model is the most relevant for clay concrete and the Harkins and Jura model is for molasses-stabilized clay concrete. These last two models augur well for future research.

关键词： Statistical Thickness Model external Specific Surface Microporous Surface Clay Concrete Molasses

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通用汽车想为车载系统另起炉灶

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第7期 56-61页

作者： AUSTIN CARR DAVID WeLCH ariel DAVIS(图) 汪泽(译) 不详

2024款雪佛兰开拓者eV(Chevrolet Blazer eV)是迈克尔·沃尔德伦(Michael Waldron)拥有过的最漂亮的座驾。他去年11月购买了这辆6.2万美元的电动SUV,深深地迷上了它的“炫红”色彩,丝滑流畅的加速以及豪华的内饰,简洁的显示屏排列在仪... 详细信息

2024款雪佛兰开拓者eV(Chevrolet Blazer eV)是迈克尔·沃尔德伦(Michael Waldron)拥有过的最漂亮的座驾。他去年11月购买了这辆6.2万美元的电动SUV,深深地迷上了它的“炫红”色彩,丝滑流畅的加速以及豪华的内饰,简洁的显示屏排列在仪表盘上。只是少了一样重要事物:苹果公司(Apple)的CarPlay。

关键词：车载系统仪表盘座驾通用汽车内饰 SUV 苹果公司沃尔德

A new method for precise optical measurements of the sub-micron height of levitation of droplet clusters

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 173-178页

作者： Alexander A.Fedorets eduard e.Kolmakov Leonid A.Dombrovsky University of Tyumen 6 Volodarskogo StTyumen625003Russia engineering Faculty Ariel UniversityP0.B.3407000ArielIsrael Joint Institute for High Temperatures 17A Krasnokazarmennaya StMoscow111116Russia

Droplet clusters levitating over the locally heated water surface are considered a very promising phe-nomenon of microfluidics for the potential use of the droplets as unique microreactors for microbio-logical experiments.A new optical method is suggested for precise measurements of the sub-micron levitation height of single *** method is based on the analysis of variable colors of the inter-ference halo around the *** the first time,it is possible to measure the extremely low downward velocity of droplets,which grow due to steam *** velocity was found to be 5-8 nm/*** height of the levitation of various droplets just before their coalescence with a layer of water was also *** measurements might be used for the verification of sophisticated models for the droplet levitation to be developed for a very thin layer of humid air under the droplet when the Knudsen effect should be taken into account.

关键词： Precise measurements Interferometric method Droplet cluster Levitation height

endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for gastric outlet obstruction in Mexico

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World Journal of Surgical Procedures 2024年第3期14卷 15-20页

作者： Massiel Madelin Rosario-Morel Rodrigo Soto-Solis Katia Picazo-Ferrera Miriam Idalia Torres-Ruiz JoséAlberto estradas-Trujillo Mario Alberto Gallardo-Ramírez Gerardo Akram Darwich-del Moral Luis ariel Waller-González Department of endoscopy Centro Médico Nacional“20 de Noviembre”ISSSTEMexico City 03229Mexico Department of Gastroenterology HospitalÁngeles PedregalMexico City 10700Mexico Department of endoscopy Centro Médico ABCMexico City 01120Mexico Department of endoscopy Hospital General de México“Dr.Eduardo Liceaga”Mexico City 06720Mexico

BACKGROUND endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy(eUS-Ge)has recently emerged as an alternative treatment for gastric outlet obstruction(GOO)in selected *** To report the initial experience of eUS-Ge in patients with *** This study was a retrospective,observational,multicenter study in which the data from 10 patients who underwent eUS-Ge due to GOO between September 2021 and May 2023 were *** analyzed technical success,clinical success,adverse events,and *** success was defined as adequate positioning and deployment of the *** success was defined as the patient’s ability to tolerate oral intake without vomiting 7 d after the *** adverse events were *** eleven procedures in 10 patients with GOO were *** mean age of the patients was 67.5 years(range:56-77 years).Malignant GOO was present in 9 *** success was achieved in 9/11 procedures(82%).Among them,clinical success was achieved in 9 patients(100%).Adverse events occurred in 1 patient(9%).The median survival was 3 months(n=7;range:1-8 months).CONCLUSION eUS-Ge is a feasible therapeutic option in the treatment of GOO.

关键词： endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy Gastric outlet obstruction Lumen apposing metal stent Interventional endoscopic ultrasound Gastrojejunostomy Duodenal stenting