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Turning in mid-air allows aphids that flee the plant to avoid reaching the risky ground

Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 409-420页

作者： Yonatan MERESMAN Matan BEN-ari Moshe INBAR Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaHaifaIsrael Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael

When forced to drop from the plant,flightless arboreal insects can avoid reaching the risky ground by maneuvering their body through the *** wingless pea aphids(Acyrthosiphon pisum)are threatened by natural enemies,they often drop off their host plant while assuming a stereotypic posture that rotates them in mid-air,aligning them with their feet pointing *** position may increase their chances of re-clinging onto lower plant parts and avoid facing the dangers on the ground,although its effectiveness in realistic field conditions has not been *** performed both laboratory and outdoor experiments,in which we dropped aphids upon host plants to quantify clinging success in plants with different characteristics such as height and leaf *** aphids had twofold higher clinging rates than dead ones,indicating that clinging success is indeed affected by the active aerial-righting of dropping *** ability to cling was positively dependent on the plants’foliage cover as viewed in vertical direction from ***,we released aphids in commercial alfalfa(Medicago sativa)fields with varying plant heights and foliage cover and induced them to ***(up to 75%)of the aphids avoided reaching the ground in taller plants(65 cm),and 17%in shorter plants(21 cm),demonstrating the efficiency of the aphids’response in averting risks:both those of an approaching enemy on the plant and the plethora of new risks on the ***,even in complex field environment,the aerial-righting mechanism can substantially reduce the possible risks following escape from a predator.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum aerial righting dropping response escape behavior predator avoidance

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Speaker adapted dynamic lexicons containing phonetic deviations of words

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第10期10卷 1461-1475页

作者： Bahram VAZIRNEZHAD Farshad ALMASGANJ Seyed Mohammad AHADI ari CHANEN Biomedical Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology Language and Knowledge Management Research Lab School of Information TechnologiesUniversity of Sydney Electrical Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology

Speaker variability is an important source of speech variations which makes continuous speech recognition a difficult *** automatic speech recognition(ASR) models to the speaker variations is a well-known strategy to cope with the *** all such techniques focus on developing adaptation solutions within the acoustic models of the ASR *** variations of the acoustic features constitute an important portion of the inter-speaker variations,they do not cover variations at the phonetic *** variations are known to form an important part of variations which are influenced by both micro-segmental and suprasegmental ***-speaker phonetic variations are influenced by the structure and anatomy of a speaker's articulatory system and also his/her speaking style which is driven by many speaker background characteristics such as accent,gender,age,socioeconomic and educational *** effect of inter-speaker variations in the feature space may cause explicit phone recognition *** errors can be compensated later by having appropriate pronunciation variants for the lexicon entries which consider likely phone misclassifications besides *** this paper,we introduce speaker adaptive dynamic pronunciation models,which generate different lexicons for various speaker clusters and different ranges of speech *** models are hybrids of speaker adapted contextual rules and dynamic generalized decision trees,which take into account word phonological structures,rate of speech,unigram probabilities and stress to generate pronunciation variants of *** the set of speaker adapted dynamic lexicons in a Farsi(Persian) continuous speech recognition task results in word error rate reductions of as much as 10.1% in a speaker-dependent scenario and 7.4% in a speaker-independent scenario.

关键词： Pronunciation models Continuous speech recognition Lexicon adaptation

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Connecting Malfunctioning Glial Cells and Brain Degenerative Disorders

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2016年第3期14卷 155-165页

作者： Natalie Kaminsky Ofer Bihari Sivan Kanner ari Barzilai Department of Neurobiology George S.WiseFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv University

The DNA damage response（DDR） is a complex biological system activated by different types of DNA *** in certain components of the DDR machinery can lead to genomic instability disorders that culminate in tissue degeneration,premature aging,and various types of ***,malfunctioning DDR plays a role in the etiology of late onset brain degenerative disorders such as Parkinson＇s,Alzheimer＇s,and Huntington＇s *** many years,brain degenerative disorders were thought to result from aberrant neural *** we discuss the evidence that supports our novel hypothesis that brain degenerative diseases involve dysfunction of glial cells（astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes）.Impairment in the functionality of glial cells results in pathological neuro-glial interactions that,in turn,generate a ‘‘hostile＂ environment that impairs the functionality of neuronal *** events can lead to systematic neural demise on a scale that appears to be proportional to the severity of the neurological deficit.

关键词： DNA damage response Genomic instability Brain degenerative diseases Glial cells Astrocytes Microglia

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Upgrading process of palm empty fruit bunches as alternative solid fuel: a review

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Clean Energy 2023年第6期7卷 1173-1188页

作者： Toto Hardianto ari Akbariyanto Wenas Firman Bagja Juangsa Energy Conversion Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia Research Center for New and Renewable Energy Institut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia Mechanical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia

A total of 37.5 million tons of palm empty fruit bunches(EFBs)produced in Indonesia in 2018 have the potential to be used as an alternative eco-friendly solid ***,a pretreatment process is necessary to increase the heating value and reduce the po-tassium content of *** methods can be employed to improve the characteristics of EFBs as a solid fuel,such as drying and torrefaction to increase the heating value and the leaching process for reducing the potassium content of *** main concept of increasing the heating value is to increase the fuel content,which is *** drying,the carbon ratio can be increased by reducing the moisture content and,through torrefaction,the carbon ratio could be increased due to the decomposition of ligno-cellulose.A simple way to reduce the potassium content of EFBs is the leaching *** types of leaching treatment have been studied before:soaking and stirring *** study reviews those methods to make EFBs more suitable as a solid fuel with a high heating value and less potassium *** the carbon content in EFBs is crucial for enhancing their heating value as a *** and torrefaction decrease the moisture content and modify the chemical structure,resulting in higher carbon *** leaching process effectively reduces the potassium content of EFBs and stirring treatment is more effective than immersion *** positively affects leaching by decreasing the potassium content,while hydrophobicity may hinder leaching by re-pelling *** high moisture content of leached EFBs requires additional energy for evaporation during torrefaction,resulting in a lower energy density yield compared with raw *** may also be required to account for the decreased mineral content,which functions as a torrefaction catalyst in EFBs that have not been leached.

关键词： biomass EFB solid fuel torrefaction upgrading

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Zoology, Celibacy, and the Heterosexual Imperative： Notes on Teaching Lu Xun＇s ＂Loner＂ as a Queer Text

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Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2013年第3期7卷 441-458页

作者： ari Larissa Heinrich Department of Literature University of California San Diego CA 92093 USA

This essay reflects on the reception of Lu Xun＇s short story ＂The Loner＂（Gudu zhe, alternately translated as ＂The Lone Wolf, The Misanthrope,＂ and ＂The Isolate＂） in American classrooms, where students have sometimes wondered whether that character might be read as ＂queer.＂ It suggests that the title character＇s unusual and self-imposed celibacy is probably best explained by his belief, in a very general sense, in the foundational values of zoology as practiced in Japan and China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and thus that the story may be a better gateway to understanding the ways in which Lu Xun envisioned the mixed impact of new political economies on private life than a source text for queer studies. At the same time, however, this essay emphasizes that in ＂The Loner,＂ as elsewhere, accounting for the ＂heterosexual imperative＂ of early zoology （e.g., with its emphases on animal husbandry, propagation, reproduction） can have meaningful consequences for ＂queering＂ interpretations of received texts from literature, history of science, and beyond.

关键词： queer Lu Xun zoology celibacy modem Chinese literature "TheLoner," pedagogy

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Synthesis and characterization of Dy-Eu-Tm co-doped cubic phase stabilized bismuth oxide based electrolytes in terms of intermediate temperature-solid oxide fuel cells(IT-SOFCs)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 406-412,I0003页

作者： Ayhan Güldeste Mustafa Aldoori Murat Balci Mehmet ari Yasin Polat Department of Physics Erciyes University38039KayseriTurkey Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Allraqia University10011BaghdadIraq Science and Technology Application and Research Center Nevşehir HacıBektaşVeli University50300NevşehirTurkey

In this study,a new Dy-Eu-Tm co-doped cubic phase stabilized bismuth oxide solid electrolyte system was synthesized by using solid-state reaction method in atmospheric *** conductivity measurements,X-ray diffraction(XRD)pro files of the annealed samples show that created mixtures have heterogeneous phase,but after conductivity measurements,the face-centered cubic(FCC)crystal structure is stabilized for all ***,the increase in total dopant rate causes an increase in full width half maxima(FWHM)of main peak(111)on the XRD pattern while average crystal size decreases with *** the other hand,the highest conductivity value was obtained for the sample having 15%total dopant rate with 0.62 S/cm at 750℃,whose dopants are evenly distributed in mole *** thermal analysis(DTA)results of the samples having 1:1:1 and 1:2:1 dopant content ratios show that endothermic peak occurs on their DTA curve,indicating crystal structure transformation such as phase transition or order-disorder ***,thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA)depending on temperature was evaluated in terms of mass *** to TGA curves,mass loss for both heating and cooling process can be negligible due to the small fluctuations(2%)on their TGA curves.

关键词： Solid electrolyte Order-disorder transition Phase transition Ionic conductivity Activation energy Rare earths

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Ophthalmic exam and ophthalmology residents’ subspecialty preference

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 359-364页

作者： ari Leshno Daf Shalev Daphna Landau Prat Goldschleger Eye Institute Sheba Medical CenterTel Hashomer 5262000Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Department of Ophthalmology Edith Wolfson Medical CenterHolon 5822012Israel

AIM:To evaluate residents’perceptions and attitudes toward the various aspects of a comprehensive ophthalmic examination,and to determine if these factors correlate with their choices for fellowship and future career ***:This is a cross-sectional study.A questionnaire on the perception of the ophthalmic exam was sent via SurveyMonkey to ophthalmology residents throughout *** of them(one-half of all ophthalmology residents in 2019)completed *** first part related to how they perceived each component of the ophthalmic *** second part related to their future fellowship *** Chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables and Student’s t-test and One-way ANOVA were used to compare continuous *** logistic regression analysis was applied as needed to detect interactions between variables and to exclude confounder ***:Slit-lamp examination of the anterior and posterior segments ranked as the most likeable aspects,whereas gonioscopy,ocular motility examination and visual acuity assessment were least *** segment and retina subspecialties were the ones most sought ***-nine respondents(61.3%)noted a direct correlation between their preferred parts of comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations and their choice of *** of selected components of those evaluations were significantly associated with responders’intentions to pursue anterior segment,retina,or oculoplastic fellowships(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Perspectives of residents toward the ophthalmic examination,and most specifically its individual components,play an important role in their choice of subspecialty training.

关键词： residency subspecialty ophthalmic examination career choice ophthalmology

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In silico docking analysis of beta-defensin 20 against cation channel sperm-associated protein 1–4 to predict its role in the sperm maturation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第4期25卷 528-532页

作者： Luluk Yunaini Linda Erlina Fadilah Fadilah Dwi ari Pujianto Doctoral Program for Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia Department of Medical Biology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia Department of Medical Chemistry Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia Bioinformatics Core Facilities Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute(IMERI)Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia

Beta-defensin 20(DEFB20)is widely expressed in the epididymis with gene features involved in epididymal sperm ***,the action mechanism and function of DEFB20 in sperm maturation are still *** of the important roles of beta-defensin is the ion channel *** cation channel sperm-associated protein(CatSper)alpha is an ion channel protein found on the sperm *** study aimed to investigate the interaction between DEFB20 and CatSper1–4 protein in relation to the sperm maturation *** sequences were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI).Protein modeling and validation were carried out by using the Robetta modeling server and the Ramachandran plot *** web server was used for the docking *** results revealed a natural interaction between DEFB20 and CatSper1–*** interaction occurred at the cation channel(close to the casein kinase II),ion transport protein,and kinase c phosphorylation of the CatSper1–4 active *** DEFB20 region interacting with CatSper2–4 was the beta-defensin domain,while with CatSper1 was the non-beta-defensin *** on the analysis,DEFB20 may interact with CatSperαsubunits,particularly CatsSper1,to affect ion channel activity during sperm maturation.

关键词： CatSper DEFB20 docking sperm maturation

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Impact of cavity symmetry on mode suppression and increase of free spectral range in solid-state dye microlaser

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Chinese Optics Letters 2007年第11期5卷 651-653页

作者： Sergei Popov Sebastien Ricciardi ari T.Friberg Sergey Sergeyev Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm 16440 Sweden Waterford Institute of Technology Waterford Ireland

We describe modeling the solid-state dye laser with the microcavity size comparable to light wavelength. Certain symmetry in the allocation of gain material leads to depletion of odd longitudinal modes that, in turn, ... 详细信息

关键词： mode Impact of cavity symmetry on mode suppression and increase of free spectral range in solid-state dye microlaser free

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A passive method to stabilize an airborne vehicle

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2014年第2期10卷 124-130页

作者： Timo SAILARANTA ari SILTAVUORI Department of Applied Mechanics Aalto UniversityP.O.Box 14400 Aero RD Ltd Otakuja 3

A method of augmenting an airborne vehicle for short-period dynamics and stability by passive means is presented in this study.A trajectoryphase disturbance rejection capability is achieved for an unguided fin-stabilized vehicle by flexible mounting of the fins to the vehicle *** deflecting fins lag the body oscillation such that the harmonic oscillation can be quickly *** amount of fin deflection may be chosen by a hinge-line location;among other things,the vehicle damping behaviour is largely determined by this *** theory is applied and 6-DOF simulations are carried out to demonstrate the approach suitability for the task.

关键词：稳定性车辆空气谐波振荡尾翼稳定抑制能力相位扰动阻尼行为

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