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Investigation of micro-scale shear response of sand–rubber granule mixture in terms of particle shape and grain scale deformability effects

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 452-469页

作者： Abdulmuttalip ari Suat Akbulut Department of Civil Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbul34220Turkey

In this study,the effects of particle shape of rigid sand and soft rubber materials on macro-scale shear response were reasoned based on micro-scale parameters.For this purpose,first,the shape properties of three different sand and two different rubber samples were quantified using image processing techniques,and the contact model parameters were calibrated through physical experiments.The direct shear test was simulated in a two-dimensional discrete element software with realistic particle forms.The soft nature of rubber particles was reflected using body-centered cubic packing with a linear-parallel bond contact model.As a result,coordination number,distribution of contact forces(i.e.,strong contact,and fabric anisotropy),and contact sliding were derived by the numerical analyses.It has been observed that the particle shape leads to distinctive micro-scale responses due to the variations in the stiffness of the contacts.

关键词： Particle shape Sand Rubber Shear response Micro-scale response Discrete element method

Ophthalmic exam and ophthalmology residents’ subspecialty preference

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 359-364页

作者： ari leshno Daf Shalev Daphna Landau Prat Goldschleger Eye Institute Sheba Medical CenterTel Hashomer 5262000Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Department of Ophthalmology Edith Wolfson Medical CenterHolon 5822012Israel

AIM:To evaluate residents’perceptions and attitudes toward the various aspects of a comprehensive ophthalmic examination,and to determine if these factors correlate with their choices for fellowship and future career plans.METHODS:This is a cross-sectional study.A questionnaire on the perception of the ophthalmic exam was sent via SurveyMonkey to ophthalmology residents throughout Israel.Eighty of them(one-half of all ophthalmology residents in 2019)completed it.The first part related to how they perceived each component of the ophthalmic evaluation.The second part related to their future fellowship plans.The Chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables and Student’s t-test and One-way ANOVA were used to compare continuous variables.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied as needed to detect interactions between variables and to exclude confounder effects.RESULTS:Slit-lamp examination of the anterior and posterior segments ranked as the most likeable aspects,whereas gonioscopy,ocular motility examination and visual acuity assessment were least likeable.Anterior segment and retina subspecialties were the ones most sought after.Forty-nine respondents(61.3%)noted a direct correlation between their preferred parts of comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations and their choice of subspecialty.Perceptions of selected components of those evaluations were significantly associated with responders’intentions to pursue anterior segment,retina,or oculoplastic fellowships(Ple in their choice of subspecialty training.

关键词： residency subspecialty ophthalmic examination career choice ophthalmology

Assessment of corrected time-step method for nominal ionospheric gradient calculation: A comparative analysis with spatial approaches

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第4期8卷 641-649页

作者： Slamet Supriadi Prayitno Abadi Susumu Saito Harry Bangkit Dwiko Unggul Prabowo Adi Purwono Ginaldi ari Nugroho Research Center for Smart Mechatronics National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere BRINBandungIndonesia School of Electrical Engineering Telkom UniversityKab.BandungIndonesia Electronic Navigation Research Institute National Institute of MaritimePort and Aviation TechnologyTokyoJapan Research Center for Space BRINBandungIndonesia

The effect of ionospheric delay on the ground-based augmentation system under normal conditions can be mitigated by determining the value of the nominal ionospheric gradient(σvig).The nominal ionospheric gradient is generally obtained from Continuously Operating Reference Stations data by using the spatial single-difference method(mixed-pair,station-pair,or satellite-pair)or the temporal single-difference method(time-step).The time-step method uses only a single receiver,but it still contains ionospheric temporal variations.We introduce a corrected time-step method using a fixed-ionospheric pierce point from the geostationary equatorial orbit satellite and test it through simulations based on the global ionospheric model.We also investigate the effect of satellite paths on the corrected time-step method in the region of the equator,which tends to be in a more north–south direction and to have less coverage for the east–west ionospheric gradient.This study also addresses the limitations of temporal variation correction coverage and recommends using only the correction from self-observations.All processes are developed under simulations because observational data are still difficult to obtain.Our findings demonstrate that the corrected time-step method yieldsσvig values consistent with other approaches.

关键词： ground-based augmentation system nominal ionospheric gradient time-step correction global ionospheric model

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数字支付垄断中的银行竞争与家庭隐私

新金融 2024年第3期 36-43页

作者： Itai Agur Anil ari Giovanni Dell'ariccia 李丽丽(翻译) 周正铭(翻译) 国际货币基金组织不详

贷款人可以利用家庭的支付数据来推断他们的信誉。当家庭重视隐私时,他们就会在保护隐私和信贷条件之间做出权衡。本文研究了引入更具信息入侵性的数字支付工具是如何对家庭的现金使用、信贷获取和福利产生影响,以及私人和社会最优是如... 详细信息

贷款人可以利用家庭的支付数据来推断他们的信誉。当家庭重视隐私时,他们就会在保护隐私和信贷条件之间做出权衡。本文研究了引入更具信息入侵性的数字支付工具是如何对家庭的现金使用、信贷获取和福利产生影响,以及私人和社会最优是如何分化的。新技术正在从根本上改变支付和信贷提供的方式,并为数据垄断创造了前所未有的空间。技术垄断者控制着新支付方式的入侵性,操纵家庭和寡头垄断银行之间的信息不对称,以获取比自己放贷更有利可图的数据合同。自由放任的均衡需要一种比最优状态更具入侵性的数字支付工具,为监管提供窗口。本刊编译此篇国际货币基金组织的工作论文,以期为读者带来启示。

关键词：数字支付家庭隐私金融中介大数据数据监管

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遥遥领先！超越西方数百年的中国古代数学

环球人文地理 2024年第11期 100-103页

作者：汪洋 ari 摄影师Sean Wikipedia 摄图网

以盈补虚、因木望山、幻方、珠算、隙积术……华夏沃土不仅绽放着多彩的文化之花，也厚植了无数启迪心智的智慧之树。我们的祖先在长期生产劳动中掌握了丰富且实用的数学知识，应用在天文历法、土地测量、买卖交易、器物制作与织绣纹样...

以盈补虚、因木望山、幻方、珠算、隙积术……华夏沃土不仅绽放着多彩的文化之花，也厚植了无数启迪心智的智慧之树。我们的祖先在长期生产劳动中掌握了丰富且实用的数学知识，应用在天文历法、土地测量、买卖交易、器物制作与织绣纹样等领域，不仅解决了许多生存与生活难题，也在世界数学史上留下瞩目成就。

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Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated plays an important role in cerebellar integrity and functionality

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 497-502页

作者： Yulia Mitiagin ari Barzilai Department of Neurobiology the School of NeurobiologyBiophysicsMolecular Biology and BiochemistryGeorge S.WiseFaculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Sagol School of Neurosciences Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Accumulating evidence indicates that ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and that it has both nuclear and cytoplasmic functions.However,the functions of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated that when lost lead to cerebellar degeneration are still unknown.In this review,we first describe the role of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in cerebellar pathology.In addition to its canonical nuclear functions in DNA damage response circuits,ataxia-telangiectasia mutated functions in various cytoplasmic and mitochondrial processes that are critically important for cellular homeostasis.We discuss these functions with a focus on the role of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in maintaining the homeostatic redox state.Finally,we describe the unique functions of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in various types of neuronal and glial cells including cerebellar granule neurons,astrocytes,and microglial cells.

关键词： ataxia telangiectasia ATM cerebellum DNA damage response double-strand breaks mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress single-strand breaks

Upgrading process of palm empty fruit bunches as alternative solid fuel: a review

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Clean Energy 2023年第6期7卷 1173-1188页

作者： Toto Hardianto ari Akbariyanto Wenas Firman Bagja Juangsa Energy Conversion Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia Research Center for New and Renewable Energy Institut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia Mechanical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringInstitut Teknologi BandungWest JavaIndonesia

A total of 37.5 million tons of palm empty fruit bunches(EFBs)produced in Indonesia in 2018 have the potential to be used as an alternative eco-friendly solid fuel.However,a pretreatment process is necessary to increase the heating value and reduce the po-tassium content of EFBs.Several methods can be employed to improve the characteristics of EFBs as a solid fuel,such as drying and torrefaction to increase the heating value and the leaching process for reducing the potassium content of EFBs.The main concept of increasing the heating value is to increase the fuel content,which is carbon.Through drying,the carbon ratio can be increased by reducing the moisture content and,through torrefaction,the carbon ratio could be increased due to the decomposition of ligno-cellulose.A simple way to reduce the potassium content of EFBs is the leaching process.Two types of leaching treatment have been studied before:soaking and stirring treatment.This study reviews those methods to make EFBs more suitable as a solid fuel with a high heating value and less potassium content.Increasing the carbon content in EFBs is crucial for enhancing their heating value as a fuel.Drying and torrefaction decrease the moisture content and modify the chemical structure,resulting in higher carbon ratios.The leaching process effectively reduces the potassium content of EFBs and stirring treatment is more effective than immersion treat-ment.Torrefaction positively affects leaching by decreasing the potassium content,while hydrophobicity may hinder leaching by re-pelling water.The high moisture content of leached EFBs requires additional energy for evaporation during torrefaction,resulting in a lower energy density yield compared with raw EFBs.Adjustments may also be required to account for the decreased mineral content,which functions as a torrefaction catalyst in EFBs that have not been leached.

关键词： biomass EFB solid fuel torrefaction upgrading

Synthesis and characterization of Dy-Eu-Tm co-doped cubic phase stabilized bismuth oxide based electrolytes in terms of intermediate temperature-solid oxide fuel cells(IT-SOFCs)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第3期41卷 406-412,I0003页

作者： Ayhan Güldeste Mustafa Aldoori Murat Balci Mehmet ari Yasin Polat Department of Physics Erciyes University38039KayseriTurkey Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Allraqia University10011BaghdadIraq Science and Technology Application and Research Center Nevşehir HacıBektaşVeli University50300NevşehirTurkey

In this study,a new Dy-Eu-Tm co-doped cubic phase stabilized bismuth oxide solid electrolyte system was synthesized by using solid-state reaction method in atmospheric conditions.Before conductivity measurements,X-ray diffraction(XRD)pro files of the annealed samples show that created mixtures have heterogeneous phase,but after conductivity measurements,the face-centered cubic(FCC)crystal structure is stabilized for all samples.Also,the increase in total dopant rate causes an increase in full width half maxima(FWHM)of main peak(111)on the XRD pattern while average crystal size decreases with it.On the other hand,the highest conductivity value was obtained for the sample having 15%total dopant rate with 0.62 S/cm at 750℃,whose dopants are evenly distributed in mole percent.Differential thermal analysis(DTA)results of the samples having 1:1:1 and 1:2:1 dopant content ratios show that endothermic peak occurs on their DTA curve,indicating crystal structure transformation such as phase transition or order-disorder transition.Also,thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA)depending on temperature was evaluated in terms of mass loss.According to TGA curves,mass loss for both heating and cooling process can be negligible due to the small fluctuations(2%)on their TGA curves.

关键词： Solid electrolyte Order-disorder transition Phase transition Ionic conductivity Activation energy Rare earths

In silico docking analysis of beta-defensin 20 against cation channel sperm-associated protein 1–4 to predict its role in the sperm maturation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第4期25卷 528-532页

作者： Luluk Yunaini Linda Erlina Fadilah Fadilah Dwi ari Pujianto Doctoral Program for Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia Department of Medical Biology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia Department of Medical Chemistry Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia Bioinformatics Core Facilities Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute(IMERI)Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakarta 10430Indonesia

Beta-defensin 20(DEFB20)is widely expressed in the epididymis with gene features involved in epididymal sperm maturation.However,the action mechanism and function of DEFB20 in sperm maturation are still unclear.One of the important roles of beta-defensin is the ion channel activity.The cation channel sperm-associated protein(CatSper)alpha is an ion channel protein found on the sperm surface.This study aimed to investigate the interaction between DEFB20 and CatSper1–4 protein in relation to the sperm maturation process.Protein sequences were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI).Protein modeling and validation were carried out by using the Robetta modeling server and the Ramachandran plot method.Rosetta web server was used for the docking analysis.The results revealed a natural interaction between DEFB20 and CatSper1–4.The interaction occurred at the cation channel(close to the casein kinase II),ion transport protein,and kinase c phosphorylation of the CatSper1–4 active site.The DEFB20 region interacting with CatSper2–4 was the beta-defensin domain,while with CatSper1 was the non-beta-defensin domain.Based on the analysis,DEFB20 may interact with CatSperαsubunits,particularly CatsSper1,to affect ion channel activity during sperm maturation.

关键词： CatSper DEFB20 docking sperm maturation