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Effects of nitric oxide on the prefrontal cortex in stressed rats

Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第14期5卷 1096-1099页

作者： Batoul Ebadi Mehdi Mehdizadeh arezoo nahavandi Tabandeh Shariati Sara Soleimani Asl Hamdolah Delaviz Department of Radiology Iran University of Medical Sciences Cellular and Molecular Research Center Department of AnatomyIran University of Medical Sciences Department of Physiology Iran University of Medical Sciences Department of Anatomy Hammedan University of Medical Sciences Department of Anatomy Yasuj University of Medical Sciences

BACKGROUND： Nitric oxide （NO） exhibits both protective and detrimental effects in the central nervous system. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of NO on the prefrontal cortex in neonatal stressed rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal study was performed at the Anatomical Department of Iran University of Medical Sciences from May 2007 to August 2008. MATERIALS; Forty-eight male, Wistar rats were obtained from Pasteur＇s Institute, Tehran, Iran. METHODS： Rat stress models were established by immobilization and randomly received intraperitoneal injection of 2 mL physiological saline, L-arginine （200 mg/kg） as a NO precursor, N（G）-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester （20 mg/kg）, or subcutaneous injection of 7-nitroindazole （25 mg/kg） as a NO synthase inhibitor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： After the rats were treated for 4 weeks, the frontal cortex was harvested for histological observation and NO detection. RESULTS： Subcutaneous administration of N（G）-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester or 7-nitroindazole resulted in significantly lower prefrontal cortex thickness and NO production compared with subcutaneous administration of L-arginine （P 〈 0.05）. Prefrontal cortex thickness significantly increased in rats following L-arginine treatment, compared with physiological saline intervention （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： NO exhibited protective effects on the prefrontal cortex of stressed rats.

关键词： nitric oxide prefrontal cortex thickness nerve cell stress rats neural regeneration

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Closed-form dynamics of a hexarot parallel manipulator by means of the principle of virtual work

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第5期34卷 883-895页

作者： Siamak Pedrammehr Saeid nahavandi Hamid Abdi Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation Deakin UniversityWaurn Ponds CampusGeelongVIC 3217Australia

In this research,a systematic approach to solving the inverse dynamics of hexarot manipulators is addressed using the methodology of virtual *** the first time,a closed form of the mathematical formulation of the standard dynamic model is presented for this class of *** efficient algorithm for solving this closed-form dynamic model of the mechanism is developed and it is used to simulate the dynamics of the system for different *** of the proposed model is performed using SimMechanics and it is shown that the results of the proposed mathematical model match with the results obtained by the SimMechanics model.

关键词： Parallel mechanism Hexarot Simulator Dynamics Virtual work principle

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Theoretical Study and NBO Analysis of the Decomposition Kinetics of Oxetane, 2-Methyloxetane and 2,2-Dimethyloxetane

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2011年第5期30卷 697-705页

作者： arezoo Tahan Abolfazl Shiroudi Semnan Branch Islamic Azad University Chemistry Department Shahrood BranchIslamic Azad University

A theoretical study of the thermal decomposition kinetics of oxetane （1）, 2-methyloxetane （2）, and 2,2-dimethyloxetane （3） has been carried out at the B3LYP/6-311＋G＊＊, B3PW91/6-311＋G＊＊, and MPW1PW91/6-311＋G＊＊ levels of theory. The MPW1PW91/6-311＋G＊＊ method was found to give a reasonable good agreement with the experimental kinetics and thermodynamic parameters. The decomposition reaction of compounds 1～3 yields formaldehyde and the corresponding substituted olefin. Based on the optimized ground state geometries using MPW1PW91/6-311＋G＊＊ method, the natural bond orbital （NBO） analysis of donor-acceptor （bond-antibond） interactions revealed that the stabilization energies associated with the electronic delocalization from σC3-C4 bonding to σ＊O1-C2 antibonding orbitals decrease from compounds 1 to 3. The σC3-C4→σO1-C2 resonance energies for compounds 1～3 are 2.63, 2.59 and 2.45 kcal mol-1, respectively. Further, the results showed that the energy gaps between σC3-C4 bonding and σ＊O1-C2 antibonding orbitals decrease from compounds 1 to 3. Also, the decomposition process in these compounds are controlled by σ→σ＊ resonance energies. Moreover, the obtained order of energy barriers could be explained by the number of electron-releasing methyl groups substituted to the Csp3 atom （which is attached to oxygen atom）. NBO analysis shows that the occupancies of σCsp3-O bonds decrease for compounds 1～3 as 3〈2〈1, and those of σCsp3-O bonds increase in the opposite order （3 〉 2 〉 1）. This fact illustrates a comparatively easier thermal decomposition of the sCsp3-O bond in compound 3 compared to compound 2, and in compound 2 compared to compound 1. NBO results indicate that these reactions are occurring through a concerted and asynchronous four-membered cyclic transition state type of mechanism.

关键词： unimolecular ab initio molecular modeling decomposition DFT NBO

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Reduced-order functional observers with application to partial state estimation of linear systems with input-delays

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Journal of Control and Decision 2015年第4期2卷 233-256页

作者： Reza Mohajerpoor Hamid Abdi Saeid nahavandi Centre for Intelligent Systems Research(CISR) Deakin UniversityWaurn PondsAustralia

Reduced-order multi-functional observer design for multi-input multi-output linear timeinvariant(LTI)systems with constant delayed-inputs is *** research is useful in the input estimation of LTI systems with actuator delay,as well as system monitoring and fault detection of these *** approaches for designing an asymptotically stable functional observer for the system are proposed:delay-dependent and *** delay-dependent observer is infinite-dimensional,while the delay-free structure is ***,since the delay-free observer does not require any information on the time delay,it is more practical in real ***,the delay-dependent observer contains less restrictive assumptions and covers more variety of *** proposed observer design schemes are novel,simple to implement,and have improved numerical features compared to some of the other available approaches to design(unknown-input)functional *** addition,the proposed observers usually possess lower order than ordinary Luenberger observers,and the design schemes do not need the observability or detectability requirements of the *** necessary and sufficient conditions of the existence of an asymptotic observer in each scenario are *** extensions of the proposed observers to systemswith multiple delayed-inputs are also *** numerical examples and simulation results are employed to support our theories.

关键词： functional observer unknown-input observer time delay systems functional observability unknown-input functional observability

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Deep Imitation Learning for Autonomous Vehicles Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第1期7卷 82-95页

作者： Parham M.Kebria Abbas Khosravi Syed Moshfeq Salaken Saeid nahavandi Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation(IISRI) Deakin UniversityWaurn PondsVIC 3216Australia

Providing autonomous systems with an effective quantity and quality of information from a desired task is challenging. In particular, autonomous vehicles, must have a reliable vision of their workspace to robustly accomplish driving functions. Speaking of machine vision, deep learning techniques, and specifically convolutional neural networks, have been proven to be the state of the art technology in the field. As these networks typically involve millions of parameters and elements, designing an optimal architecture for deep learning structures is a difficult task which is globally under investigation by researchers. This study experimentally evaluates the impact of three major architectural properties of convolutional networks, including the number of layers, filters, and filter size on their performance. In this study, several models with different properties are developed,equally trained, and then applied to an autonomous car in a realistic simulation environment. A new ensemble approach is also proposed to calculate and update weights for the models regarding their mean squared error values. Based on design properties,performance results are reported and compared for further investigations. Surprisingly, the number of filters itself does not largely affect the performance efficiency. As a result, proper allocation of filters with different kernel sizes through the layers introduces a considerable improvement in the *** of this study will provide the researchers with a clear clue and direction in designing optimal network architectures for deep learning purposes.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles convolutional neural networks deep learning imitation learning

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Modified Moment-based Image Watermarking Method Robust to Cropping Attack

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2016年第3期13卷 259-267页

作者： Tian-Rui Zong Yong Xiang Suzan Elbadry Saeid nahavandi School of Information Technology Deakin UniversityBurwood Campus Centre for Intelligent Systems Research Deakin UniversityWaurn Ponds Campus

Developing a watermarking method that is robust to cropping attack is a challenging task in image watermarking. The moment-based watermarking schemes show good robustness to common signal processing attacks and some geometric attacks but are sensitive to cropping attack. In this paper, we modify the moment-based approach to deal with cropping attack. Firstly, we find the probability density function （PDF） of the pixel value distribution from the original image. Secondly, we reshape and normalize the pdf of the pixel value distribution （PPVD） to form a two dimensional image. Then, the moment invariants are calculated from the PPVD image. Since PPVD is insensitive to cropping, the proposed method is robust to cropping attack. Besides, it also has high robustness against other common attacks. Theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Image watermarking cropping moment invariants probability density function (PDF) of the pixel value distribution(PPVD) robust.

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The central role of stem cells in determining plant longevity variation

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Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 97-111页

作者： Omid Karami Bernd Mueller-Roeber arezoo Rahimi Plant Developmental Genetics Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversitySylviusweg 722333 BE Leidenthe Netherlands University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyKarl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25Haus 2014476 PotsdamGermany Present address:Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory Leiden UniversityNiels Bohrweg 22333 CA Leidenthe Netherlands

Vascular plants display a huge variety of longevity patterns,from a few weeks for several annual species up to thousands of years for some perennial *** how longevity variation is structured has long been considered a fundamental aspect of the life sciences in view of evolution,species distribution,and adaptation to diverse *** animals,whose organs are typically formed during embryogenesis,vascular plants manage to extend their life by continuously producing new tissues and organs in apical and lateral directions via proliferation of stem cells located within specialized tissues called *** cells are the main source of plant *** in plant longevity is highly dependent on the activity and fate identity of stem *** developmental factors determine how stem cells contribute to variation in plant *** this review,we provide an overview of the genetic mechanisms,hormonal signaling,and environmental factors involved in controlling plant longevity through long-term maintenance of stem cell fate identity.

关键词： stem cells plant longevity annual plants perennial plants axillary meristems

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Virtual manufacturing in Industry 4.0:A review

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Data Science and Management 2024年第1期7卷 47-63页

作者： Mohsen Soori Behrooz arezoo Roza Dastres Department of Aeronautical Engineering University of KyreniaKyreniaNorth CyprusVia Mersin 10Turkey CAD/CAPP/CAM Research Center Department of Mechanical EngineeringAmirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Tehran15875-4413Iran Department of Computer Engineering Cyprus International UniversityNorth CyprusVia Mersin 10Turkey

Virtual manufacturing is one of the key components of Industry 4.0,the fourth industrial revolution,in improving manufacturing *** manufacturing enables manufacturers to optimize their production processes using real-time data from sensors and other connected devices in Industry ***-based virtual manufacturing platforms are a critical component of Industry 4.0,enabling manufacturers to design,test,and optimize their processes collaboratively and *** Industry 4.0,radio frequency identification(RFID)technology is used to provide real-time visibility and control of the supply chain as well as to enable the automation of various manufacturing *** data analytics can be used in conjunction with virtual manufacturing to provide valuable insights and optimize production processes in Industry *** intelligence(AI)and virtual manufacturing have the potential to enhance the effectiveness,consistency,and adaptability of manufacturing processes,resulting in faster production cycles,better-quality products,and lower *** developments in the application of virtual manufacturing systems to digital manufacturing platforms from different perspectives,such as the Internet of things,big data analytics,additive manufacturing,autonomous robots,cybersecurity,and RFID technology in Industry 4.0,are discussed in this study to analyze and develop the part manufacturing process in Industry *** limitations and advantages of virtual manufacturing systems in Industry 4.0 are discussed,and future research projects are also ***,productivity in the part manufacturing process can be enhanced by reviewing and analyzing the applications of virtual manufacturing in Industry 4.0.

关键词： Virtual manufacturing Industry 4.0

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Transient gene expression in western white pine using agroinfiltration

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1823-1832页

作者： Zhenguo Ma Jun-Jun Liu arezoo Zamany Holly Williams Canadian Forest Service Natural Resources Canada506 West Burnside RoadVictoriaBC V8Z 1M5Canada

A method for transient gene expression was developed for western white pine(WWP,Pinus monticola *** ***)using reporter gene uidA encodingβ-glucuronidase(GUS).GUS was transiently expressed in cross sections of primary and secondary needles,cotyledons,and current and second year stems of WWP via vacuum-infiltration with Agrobacterium *** assays of cross sections of secondary needles showed stronger blue color indicating GUS expression at day 1 and 2 than on other days post agroinfiltration(dpa).GUS activity expressed inside WWP cells was confirmed using light *** fluorometric assays,GUS expression was high at 1 dpa and lasted until 4 dpa in detached secondary needles,while similarly high expression levels only lasted until 2 dpa in attached secondary needles then dropped *** the length of GUS-staining zones varied among different WWP organs and between growth and dormant seasons,all tested WWP tissues using the protocol had high levels of transient GUS ***,heterologous candidate genes or endogenous silencing can be expressed in various WWP tissues or organs using this agroinfiltration *** current protocol for efficient transient gene expression will aid functional genomics study of WWP and its pathogens and related conifer species.

关键词： Agrobacterium Agroinfiltration β-glucuronidase Transient gene expression Western white pine

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Applications of stem cells in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics:Current trends and future perspectives

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2018年第6期10卷 66-77页

作者： Shiva Safari arezoo Mahdian Saeed Reza Motamedian Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

A simple overview of daily orthodontic practice involves use of brackets, wires and elastomeric modules. However, investigating the underlying effect of orthodontic forces shows various molecular and cellular changes. Also, orthodontics is in close relation with dentofacial orthopedics which involves bone regeneration. In this review current and future applications of stem cells(SCs) in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics have been discussed. For craniofacial anomalies, SCs have been applied to regenerate hard tissue(such as treatment of alveolar cleft) and soft tissue(such as treatment of hemifacial macrosomia). Several attempts have been done to reconstruct impaired temporomandibular joint. Also, SCs with or without bone scaffolds and growth factors have been used to regenerate bone following distraction osteogenesis of mandibular bone or maxillary expansion. Current evidence shows that SCs also have potential to be used to regenerate infrabony alveolar defects and move the teeth into regenerated areas. Future application of SCs in orthodontics could involve accelerating tooth movement, regenerating resorbed roots and expanding tooth movement limitations. However, evidence supporting these roles is weak and further studies are required to evaluate the possibility of these ideas.

关键词： Alveolar bone grafting Dentofacial deformities Distraction osteogenesis Guided tissue regeneration Orthodontics Orthodontic tooth movement Orthognathic surgery Periodontitis Root resorption Stem cells

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